|  | | abhiśasti | f. effect of imprecation, misfortune, evil   | | | agha | n. evil, mishap | | | ahita | n. damage, disadvantage, evil etc. | | | akuśala | mf(ā-)n. inauspicious, evil | | | akuśala | n. evil, an evil word | | | amaṅgala | mfn. inauspicious, unlucky, evil | | | anartha | m. disappointing occurrence, reverse, evil | | | aṅgha | (not in use, but equivalent to agh/a-), evil, sin | | | aniṣṭa | mfn. bad, wrong, evil, ominous | | | aniṣṭa | n. evil, disadvantage. | | | apāya | m. misfortune, evil, calamity. | | | asādhu | n. anything bad, evil (sādhvasādh/unī-,"good and evil") etc. | | | asat | n. evil | | | atyaya | m. danger, risk, evil, suffering | | | daurātmyaka | mfn. wicked, evil (deed) | | | daurjanya | n. evil, wrong | | | durita | n. (d/ur-- ) bad course, difficulty, danger. discomfort, evil, sin (also personified) etc. | | | enas | n. evil, unhappiness, misfortune, calamity | | | kaṇva | n. sin, evil commentator or commentary on | | | kaṣṭa | mfn. ill, evil, wrong etc. | | | kaṣṭa | n. a bad state of things, evil, wrong | | | kṛcchra | mf(ā-)n. bad, evil, wicked | | | kṛṣṇa | mf(/ā-)n. wicked, evil | | | maṅgula | n. evil, sin (equals pāpa-) | | | nirṛti | f. (n/ir--) dissolution, destruction, calamity, evil, adversity etc. etc. (personified as the goddess of death and corruption and often associated with mṛtyu-, a-rāti- etc. ;variously regarded as the wife of a-dharma-, mother of bhaya-, mahā-bhaya- and mṛtyu-[ ]or as a daughter of a-dharma- and hiṃsā- and mother of naraka- and bhaya-[ ];binds mortals with her cords etc.;is regent of the south[ ]and of the asterism mūla-[ ]) | | | pāpa | mf(ī-older than ā-; see ) ( also p/āpa-) n. bad, vicious, wicked, evil, wretched, vile, low etc. | | | pāpa | n. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) evil, misfortune, ill-luck, trouble, mischief, harm etc. etc. (often śāntam pāpam-,"heaven forefend that evil" etc.) | | | pāpaka | mf(ikā-,once akī-)n. bad, evil etc. | | | pāpaka | n. evil, wrong, sin | | | pāpman | m. evil, unhappiness, misfortune, calamity, crime, sin, wickedness etc. | | | pāpman | mfn. hurtful, injurious, evil | | | śubhetara | mfn. other than auspicious, unlucky, unfortunate, evil, bad, | | | utpatha | m. error, evil | | | viplava | m. (for 1.See) confusion, trouble, disaster, evil, calamity, misery, distress etc. | | | vipratisāra | n. evil, wickedness | | | abhigharṣaṇa | n. possession by an evil spirit | | | abhikrośaka | m. a reviler (nindaka-) | | | abhikuts | to revile, inveigh against | | | abhiniṣkārin | mfn. intending anything evil against, injuring (see abhi-k/ṛtvarī-.) | | | abhiniṣkṛta | mfn. directed against (as an evil action) | | | abhiṣakta | mfn. possessed by evil spirits | | | abhiṣakta | mfn. reviled, cursed. | | | abhiṣaṅga | m. the state of being possessed by evil spirits (see bhūtābhiṣaṅga-) or disturbed in mind | | | abhiṣaṅgajvara | m. a fever supposed to be caused by evil spirits. | | | abhiṣañj | ( sañj-), -ṣajati- () "to be in close contact with", have a claim to or lay claim to (varia lectio abhi--2. pat-) ; to put a slur upon (accusative), revile, curse. | | | abhiśapta | mfn. cursed, accursed, calumniated, reviled, defamed ([often varia lectio abhiśasta-]) (see mithyābhiśapta-.) | | | abhyāgā | (Aorist abhy-/āgāt-) to approach, come to (accusative) ; (genitive case) ; (said of evil) to visit ; to begin to (Inf.) | | | abhyākruś | (imperfect tense 3. plural -ākrośan-) to assail with harsh language, revile | | | adṛṣṭi | f. a displeased or malicious look, an evil eye | | | adṛṣṭikā | f. a displeased or malicious look, an evil eye | | | aducchuna | mfn. free from evil, propitious | | | aduḥkha | mfn. free from evil or trouble, propitious. | | | aduḥkhanavamī | f. the propitious ninth day in the first fortnight of bhādrapada- (when women worship devī- to avert evil for the ensuing year). | | | aduṣkṛt | mfn. not doing evil | | | āgā | -jigāti- (imperative -jigātu-;aor -gāt-,3. plural -guḥ-) to come towards or into (accusative), approach etc. ; to attain ; to overcome, visit (as fear or evil) | | | āgaskārin | mfn. evil-doing (with genitive case) | | | āgasvin | m. an evildoer, | | | agatika | mf(ā-)n. not to be walked on (as an evil path) | | | aghakṛt | mfn. doing evil or harm, an evil-doer | | | aghaśaṃsa | (agh/a--) mfn. wishing evil, wicked | | | aghaya | Nom. P. yati-, to do evil, sin, | | | aghoracakṣus | (/aghora--) mfn. not having an evil eye | | | ahitecchu | mfn. wishing evil, malevolent. | | | akāryakārin | mfn. an evil-doer | | | ākrośa | m. ( ) assailing with harsh language, scolding, reviling, abuse etc. | | | ākrośin | mfn.one who abuses or reviles | | | ākṛta | mfn. done (as evil or good) to any one | | | akṛtyakārin | mfn. evil-doer | | | ākruś | (p. -krośat-) to cry out at, call out to ; -kr/ośati- (perf. 3. plural -cukruśuḥ- ; ind.p. -kruśya-) to call to any one in an abusive manner, assail with angry and menacing words, scold at, curse, revile | | | ākṣepa | m. reviling, abuse, harsh speech etc. (see sākṣepam-) | | | ākṣepaka | mfn. reviling | | | ākṣepaṇa | n. reviling | | | ākṣipta | mfn. insulted, reviled, abused, challenged, called to a dispute (dative case) | | | alakṣmī | f. evil fortune, bad luck, distress, poverty | | | ālikhat | m. (an-) Name of an evil spirit | | | amārga | m. a bad road, (also figuratively) an evil path | | | amithita | mfn. not reviled | | | amitrahū | mfn. calling or inviting evil-doers | | | amīvahan | mfn. destroying pains, killing evil spirits | | | amucī | f. "not setting at liberty" , Name of an evil spirit | | | anabhimānuka | mfn. not having evil intentions against (accusative) | | | anahan | n. a non-day, no day, an evil or unlucky day | | | anapahatapāpman | mfn. (said of the pitṛ-s to distinguish them from the deva-s) not freed from evil | | | anarthabhīru | mfn. afraid of evil, ibidem or 'in the same place or book or text' as the preceding | | | anarthakāma | mfn. wishing evil to (genitive case), | | | anarthakara | mfn. producing evil or misfortune. | | | anarthanāśin | m. "Evil-destroyer", śiva-. | | | anaya | m. evil course, ill luck | | | aṅghāri | m. "an enemy to sin or evil", Name of a celestial guard of the soma- ([blazing ]) | | | aniṣṭaduṣṭadhi | mfn. having an evil and corrupt mind. | | | aniṣṭagraha | m. an evil planet. | | | aniṣṭahetu | m. an evil omen. | | | aniṣṭaphala | n. evil result. | | | aniṣṭāśaṃsin | mfn. indicating or boding evil. | | | aniṣṭaśaṅkā | f. foreboding or fear of evil or misfortune. | | | aniṣṭasūcaka | mfn. foreboding evil, ominous. | | | aniṣṭotprekṣaṇa | n. expectation of evil. | | | anuvāda | m. slander, reviling | | | anyāyavartin | mfn. following evil courses. | | | anyāyavṛtta | mfn. following evil courses. | | | apabhāṣ | to revile | | | apabrū | (imperfect tense -br/avat-) to speak some mysterious or evil words upon | | | apadāna | n. (in pāli- for ava-dāna- q.v) a legend treating of former and future births of men and exhibiting the consequences of their good and evil actions. | | | apadevatā | f. an evil demon. | | | apadhvaṃs | -dhvaṃsati-, to scold, revile, [Comm. on] ("to drive or turn away") ; to fall away, be degraded () | | | apadhvasta | mfn. reviled | | | apagara | m. (1. gṝ-), reviler (special function of a priest at a sacrifice) (see abhigar/a-.) | | | apahatapāpman | (/apahata--) mfn. having the evil warded off, free from evil | | | apakarman | n. evil doing | | | apakrośa | m. reviling, abusing | | | apākṛti | f. evil conduct, rebelling (Comm. equals vikāra-) | | | apakruś | to revile. | | | apāmārjana | n. cleansing, keeping back, removing (of disease and other evils). | | | apāpaviddha | (/a-pāpa--) mfn. not afflicted with evil | | | apaproṣita | n. (5. vas-), the having departed, a wrong departure or evil caused thereby, (negative /an--) | | | apavad | P. to revile, abuse etc. ; to distract, divert, console by tales ; (in grammar) to except ; (A1.only) to disown, deny, contradict : Causal -vādayati-, to oppose as unadvisable ; to revile ; (in grammar) to except | | | apavāda | m. evil speaking, reviling, blaming, speaking ill of (genitive case) | | | apavādaka | mfn. reviling, blaming, defaming | | | apavadamāna | mfn. reviling, speaking ill of (dative case) | | | arakṣasya | mfn. free from evil spirits | | | ararivas | m(Nominal verb vān-; genitive case ablative /a-raruṣas-)fn. ( rā-),,"not liberal", envious, hard, cruel, unfriendly (Name of evil spirits, who strive to disturb the happiness of man) | | | arāti | f. particular evil spirits (who frustrate the good intentions and disturb the happiness of man) | | | arāya | m. an evil spirit | | | arāyakṣayaṇa | n. anything that serves to destroy evil spirits | | | āreagha | mfn. having evil far removed | | | artana | mfn. ( ṛt-), reviling ([ ; equals duhkhin- commentator or commentary ]) | | | arurmagha | m. plural (see pūnar-magha-), Name of certain miserly evil spirits (as the paṇi-s, etc.) | | | aś | (in classical Sanskrit only) A1. aśnute- (Aorist 3. plural āśiṣata- ; perf. ānaśe- Vedic forms are: aśnoti-,etc.; subjunctive aśnavat-,etc.; Aorist P.ānaṭ- (2. & 3. sg.,frequently in )and A1. aṣṭa-or /āṣṭa-,3. plural āśata-(frequently in )or /ākṣiṣur-[ ] subjunctive /akṣat-[ ] Potential 1. plural aśema- preceding aśyās-(2. & 3. sg.) etc. Potential A1.1. sg. aśīya-and plural aśīmahi-, Imper. aṣṭu-[ ]; perf. ānaṃśa-(thrice in )or ānāśa-[ ] or āśa-[ ] , 2. plural ānaś/a-3. plural ānaś/uh-(frequently in )or āśuh-[ ] A1. ānaś/o- subjunctive 1. plural a anaśāmahai-[ ] Potential 1. sg. ānasyām-, parasmE-pada ānaśān/a-[ ];Inf. aṣṭave- ) to reach, come to, reach, come to, arrive at, get, gain, obtain etc. ; (said of an evil, aṃhati-, /aṃhas-, gr/āhi-) to visit ; to master, become master of. ; to offer ; to enjoy ; to pervade, penetrate, fill ; to accumulate : Desiderative aśiśiṣate- Intensive aśāśyate- | | | asadācāra | mfn. following evil practices, wicked | | | asadācāra | m. evil practice. | | | asadbhāva | m. an evil temperament or disposition | | | asaddharma | m. evil practice or custom | | | asaddṛś | mfn. evil-eyed | | | asadvṛtti | mfn. following evil practices | | | asatkṛtya | mfn.one who does evil actions | | | asatsaṃsarga | m. evil company. | | | asatsaṅga | m. "attached to evil", Name of a doorkeeper (in the prabodhacandrodaya-). | | | āsrava | m. (with jaina-s) the action of the senses which impels the soul towards external objects (one of the seven sattva-s or substances;it is two fold, as good or evil) | | | āśreṣa | m. Name of an evil spirit or goblin | | | aśubhātmaka | mfn. evil-minded, | | | asura | m. the chief of the evil spirits | | | asura | m. an evil spirit, demon, ghost, opponent of the gods | | | āsura | mf(ī-)n. belonging or devoted to evil spirits | | | atyaṃhas | mfn. beyond the reach of evil or distress | | | avabhāṣita | mfn. spoken against, reviled | | | avadhū | Ved. P. (Imper. 2. sg. -dhūnuhi-,2. plural -dhūnutā-) to shake off or out or down etc.: A1. (2. sg. -dhūnuṣ/e-; imperfect tense 2. sg. -dhūnuthās-; Aorist -adhūṣata-; perf. Potential -dudhuvīta-; parasmE-pada -dhūnvān/a-) to shake off (as enemies or evil spirits or anything disagreeable), frighten away : Causal (Potential -dhūnayet-) to shake | | | avadhūta | mfn. shaken off (as evil spirits) | | | avākphala | mfn. having evil consequences, | | | avakṣepa | m. blaming, reviling, scolding commentator or commentary | | | avakṣepaṇa | n. reviling, blame, despising | | | avakṣip | -kṣipati- (subjunctive -kṣi p/at- ; parasmE-pada -kṣip/at- mfn. ) to throw down, cause to fly down or away, hurl etc. ; to revile (varia lectioapa-for ava) ; to grant, yield Caus. (Aorist subjunctive 3. plural -cikṣipan-) to cause to fall down | | | avakṣipta | mfn. blamed, reviled | | | avakuts | to blame, revile | | | avatāraṇa | n. possession by an evil spirit | | | avavāda | m. speaking ill of, evil report | | | avayāsa | m. ( yas-), Name of an evil spirit in yama-'s world | | | āveśana | n. possession by devils etc. | | | avyasana | mfn. free from evil practices | | | baddha | mfn. bound by the fetters of existence or evil | | | bahvanartha | mfn. attended with many evils | | | baiḍālavrata | n. "cat-like observance", putting on a show of virtue or piety to conceal malice and evil designs | | | baja | m. (prob.) Name of a herb used as a charm against evil spirits | | | bandh | cl.9 P. () badhn/āti- (rarely A1. badhnīt/e-; cl.1 P. A1. bandhati-, te- ; cl.4 P. badhyati- ; imperative badhāna- , bandhāna- , -badhnīhi- , bandha- ; perfect tense P. bab/andha-,3. plural bedh/us- , babandhus- ; A1. bedh/e-, dhir/e- , babandhe- grammar; future bhantsyati- etc., bandhiṣyati-, te- ; banddhā- grammar; Aorist abhāntsīt- grammar; preceding badhyāt- ; infinitive mood banddhum-,or bandhitum- , b/adhe- ind.p. baddhv/ā- , dhv/āya- , -badhya- ; -bandham- ), to bind, tie, fix, fasten, chain, fetter etc. ; to bind round, put on (;later also P.on one's self") etc. ; to catch, take or hold captive, met. = to attach to world or to sin ; to fix, direct, fasten, rivet (eyes, ears or mind) on (locative case or infinitive mood) ; to arrest, hold back, restrain, suppress, stop, shut, close ; to bind a sacrificial victim, offer, sacrifice (with dative case of the deity to whom it is presented) : ; to punish, chastise ; to join, unite, put together or produce anything in this way, exempli gratia, 'for example' fold (the hands), clench (the fist), knit or bend (the eyebrows), arrange, assume (a posture), set up (a limit), construct (a dam or a bridge), span, bridge over (a river), conceive or contract (friendship or enmity), compose, construct (a poem or verse) etc. ; to form or produce in any way, cause, effect, do, make, bear (fruit), strike (roots), take up (one's abode) ; to entertain, cherish, show, exhibit, betray (joy, resolution etc.) : Passive voice badhy/ate- (ti- ), to be bound etc. etc. ; (especially) to be bound by the fetters of existence or evil, sin again ; to be affected by id est experience, suffer (instrumental case) : Causal bandhayati- (Aorist ababandhat-), to cause to bind or catch or capture, imprison etc. ; to cause to be built or constructed ; to cause to be embanked or dammed up ; to bind together (also bādhayati-) : Desiderativebibhantsati- grammar : Intensive bābanddhi-, bābadhyate- [ confer, compare Zend band; Greek , ; Latin foedus,fides; Lit.be4ndras; Gothic Anglo-Saxon bindan; German binden; English bind.] | | | bhadrabhadra | n. good and evil | | | bhadrapāpa | n. sg. good and evil | | | bhadrapāpa | m. plural the good and the evil | | | bhadrasena | m. (with Buddhists) Name of the leader of the host of the evil spirit māra-pāpīyas- | | | bharts | cl.10 A1. () bhartsayate- (really P. bhartsayati-and once A1. parasmE-pada sayamāna- [B];rarely cl.1. bhartsati-; future bhartsyāmi-[ ],prob. wrong reading; Passive voice bhartsyate- ), to menace, threaten, abuse, revile, deride | | | bhartsaka | mfn. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') threatening, reviling | | | bhaṣ | cl.1 P. () bhaṣati- (Epic also A1. te-; infinitive mood bhaṣitum-), to bark, growl (also figuratively = rail against, reproach, revile, with accusative) | | | bhauta | mf(ī-)n. (also ta-ka-) relating to or possessed by evil spirits or demons, crazy, mad, an idiot | | | bhinnavṛtti | mfn. leading a bad life, following evil courses (equals vṛtta-; bhinnavṛttitā -tā- f.) | | | bhūta | n. a spirit (good or evil), the ghost of a deceased person, a demon, imp, goblin (also m.) etc. (see ) | | | bhūtābhiṣaṅga | m. possession by evil spirits | | | bhūtagrasta | mfn. possessed by an evil spirit | | | bhūtahantrī | f. "destroying evil spirits", a species of dūrvā- grass | | | bhūtanāśana | mfn. destroying evil beings | | | bhūtapati | m. "lord of beings"(especially of evil beings, Name of rudra-- śiva-, bhava-, śarva- and agni-) etc. | | | bhūtapratiṣedha | m. the warding off evil spirits or demons | | | bhūtāri | m. "enemy of evil beings", Asa Foetida | | | bhūtasaṃcāra | m. possession by evil spirits | | | bhūtaśuddhi | f. "removal of evil demons", Name of a ceremony | | | bhūtāvāsa | m. Terminalia Bellerica (as the abode of evil beings) | | | bhūtavid | mfn. knowing (how to ward off) evil spirits | | | bhūtavijñāna | n. the knowledge of evil beings, demonology | | | bhūtavikriyā | f. possession by evil spirits, epilepsy | | | bhūtavināyaka | m. a leader of evil beings | | | bhūtāviṣṭa | mfn. possessed by evil spirits | | | bhūteśa | m. "lord of evil beings", Name of śiva- | | | bhūteśvara | m. "lord of (evil) beings", Name of śiva- | | | bhūtonmāda | m. insanity produced by the influence of evil spirits (20 kinds are enumerated). | | | bhūtopahatacitta | mfn. having the mind possessed by an evil spirit | | | bhūtopasarga | m. possession by an evil spirit | | | bhutopasṛṣṭa | mfn. possessed by an evil spirit | | | brāhmaṇanindaka | mfn. reviling brāhmaṇa- | | | brahmarakṣas | n. a class of evil demons (see -rākṣasa-). | | | brahmarākṣasa | m. a kind of evil demon, the ghost of a Brahman who led an unholy life etc. | | | caraka | m. Name of an evil spirit | | | cārvāka | m. (for ru-v- equals cārvāc- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order c/āru-) Name of a rākṣasa- (friend of duryodhana-, who took the shape of a mendicant Brahman, when yudhiṣṭhira- entered hāstina-pura- in triumph, and reviled him, but was soon detected and killed by the real Brahmans) | | | citragupta | m. Name of one of yama-'s attendants (recorder of every man's good and evil deeds) | | | daivadoṣa | m. the fault or evil result of deeds, evil fate | | | daivadurvipāka | m. the evil ripening of destiny through the effect of deeds done in the present or former births, Hit. | | | daivātyaya | m. danger or evil resulting from unusual natural phenomena | | | dakṣa | m. evil disposition | | | ḍamara | m. (also) a portent, evil omen, | | | dāsa | m. Name of certain evil beings conquered by indra- (exempli gratia, 'for example' namuci-, pipru-, śambara-, varcin- etc.) | | | daśāvara | m. Name of an evil spirit | | | dauḥṣvapnya | n. evil dreams | | | daurvacasya | n. evil speech | | | deva | m. (rarely applied to) evil demons | | | devapīyu | mfn. reviling or despising the gods | | | dhiṣaṇa | m. Name of an evil being | | | dīrghajihvī | f. () Name of an evil spirit | | | doṣadvaya | n. a combination of two evils, . | | | doṣagrāhin | mfn. fault-finding, censorious, susceptible of evil (see guṇa--). | | | doṣajña | mfn. knowing what is evil or to be avoided, prudent, wise | | | doṣakara | mf(ī-)n. causing evil or harm, pernicious | | | dṛṣṭidoṣa | m. the evil influence of the human eye | | | dṛṣṭipūtanā | f. Name of an evil demon | | | ducchunāya | Nom. A1. y/ate-, to wish to harm, be evil disposed | | | duḥkhanivaha | m. a multitude of pains or evils | | | duḥkhatara | n. greater pain, a greater evil than (ablative) (see above) . = | | | duḥsaha | m. N. an evil demon | | | duḥśaṃsa | mfn. wishing or threatening evil, malicious, wicked | | | duḥsattva | n. evil being, noxious animal | | | dundubhisvana | m. "drum-sound", a kind of magical formula against evil spirits supposed to possess weapons | | | durādhī | mfn. meditating evil, malignant | | | durakṣara | n. an evil word | | | durāśaṃsin | mfn. foreboding evil | | | durāśaya | mfn. evil-minded, malicious | | | durāśis | mfn. having evil wishes or intentions | | | durātman | mfn. evil-natured, wicked, bad etc. | | | durbhāvanā | f. an evil thought, bad inclination | | | durdhyāna | n. evil thoughts | | | durdṛṣṭa | mfn. looked at with an evil eye | | | dureva | m. evildoer, criminal | | | durgoṣṭhī | f. evil association, conspiracy | | | durgraha | m. "seizing badly", the evil demon of illness, spasm, cramp | | | durhārd | mfn. evil-minded, malignant | | | duritātman | mfn. evil-minded, malicious | | | durmanman | mfn. evil-minded | | | durmaryāda | mfn. knowing no limits, having evil ways, wicked | | | durmātsarya | n. evil envy | | | durṇāman | m. Name of particular evil demons causing diseases (or according to Name of a worm see -nāman-) | | | dūrūpa | mfn. of evil form, | | | durvaca | n. evil or unlucky speech | | | durvidvas | (d/ur--) mfn. evil-minded, malignant | | | durvipāka | m. an evil consequence or result (especially of actions in former births matured by time) | | | durvipāka | mfn. having evil consequences (especially as result of actions in former births) | | | durvyavasita | n. an evil intention | | | dus | ind. a prefix to nouns and rarely to verbs or adverbs ( Va1rtt. 2 ) implying evil, bad, difficult, hard | | | dūṣaya | Nom. P. yati- (Epic also te-) to corrupt, spoil, contaminate, vitiate (of moral corruption also doṣayati-See 2. duṣ-) etc. ; to dishonour or violate (a woman) etc. ; (astrology) to cause evil or misfortune ; to adulterate, falsify ; to object, refute, disprove, blame etc. ; to retract or break (vācam-,one's word) ; to find fault with, accuse ; (paras-param-,each other) ; to offend, hurt, injure (genitive case) | | | duścakṣas | mfn. evil-eyed | | | duścarita | n. plural () the 10 chief sins (viz. murder, theft, adultery, lying, calumny, lewdness, evil speech, covetousness, envy, heresy; see ) | | | duśceṣṭita | mfn. misbehaving, doing evil | | | duścintin | mfn. "thinking evil thoughts", Name of a māra-putra- | | | duścit | mfn. thinking evil | | | duṣkāla | m. an evil time | | | duṣkriyā | f. evil act, a misdemeanour | | | duṣkṛt | mfn. acting wickedly, criminal, evil-doer | | | duṣkṛta | n. (t/a-) evil action, sin, guilt | | | duṣkṛtātman | mfn. evil-minded, wicked, base | | | duṣkṛti | mfn. acting wickedly, an evil-doer | | | duṣprakṛti | mfn. evil-natured, bad-tempered | | | duṣṭabhāva | mfn. evil-natured, malignant, vicious | | | duṣṭacaritra | mfn. ill-conducted, evil-doer | | | duṣṭacetas | mfn. evil-minded, malevolent | | | duṣṭātman | mfn. evil-minded, malevolent | | | ekānartha | mfn. having the same evils | | | enomuc | mfn. rescuing from sin or evil | | | gālana | n. reviling | | | gāli | f. plural reviling speech, invectives, execrations | | | gālidāna | n. reviling, . | | | gālin | mfn. reviling, abusive | | | gandharva | m. a gandharva- [though in later times the gandharva-s are regarded as a class, yet in rarely more than one is mentioned;he is designated as the heavenly gandharva-(divy/a g- ),and is also called viśvā-vasu-()and vāyu-keśa- (in plural );his habitation is the sky, or the region of the air and the heavenly waters( );his especial duty is to guard the heavenly soma-() , which the gods obtain through his intervention( ; see );it is obtained for the human race by indra-, who conquers the gandharva- and takes it by force();the heavenly gandharva- is supposed to be a good physician, because the soma- is considered as the best medicine;possibly, however, the word soma- originally denoted not the beverage so called, but the moon, and the heavenly gandharva- may have been the genius or tutelary deity of the moon;in one passage() the heavenly gandharva- and the soma- are identified;he is also regarded as one of the genii who regulate the course of the Sun's horses (; see );he knows and makes known the secrets of heaven and divine truths generally ( );he is the parent of the first pair of human beings, yama- and yamī-() , and has a peculiar mystical power over women and a right to possess them();for this reason he is invoked in marriage ceremonies();ecstatic states of mind and possession by evil spirits are supposed to be derived from the heavenly gandharva-(see -gṛhīta-, -graha-);the gandharva-s as a class have the same characteristic features as the one gandharva-;they live in the sky( ) , guard the soma-( ),are governed by varuṇa- (just as the āpsarasa-s are governed by soma-) ,know the best medicines( ),regulate the course of the asterisms( ;hence twenty-seven are mentioned ),follow after women and are desirous of intercourse with them( );as soon as a girl becomes marriageable, she belongs to soma-, the gandharva-s, and agni-( );the wives of the gandharva-s are the āpsarasa-s(seegandharvāpsar/as-),and like them the gandharva-s are invoked in gambling with dice();they are also feared as evil beings together with the rākṣasa-s, kimīdin-s, piśāca-s, etc., amulets being worn as a protection against them( );they are said to have revealed the veda-s to vāc-(; see ),and are called the preceptors of the ṛṣi-s(); purūravas- is called among them();in epic poetry the gandharva-s are the celestial musicians or heavenly singers(see )who form the orchestra at the banquets of the gods, and they belong together with the āpsarasa-s to indra-'s heaven, sharing also in his battles( etc.; see );in the more systematic mythology the gandharva-s constitute one of the classes into which the higher creation is divided(id est gods, manes, gandharva-s ;or gods, asura-s, gandharva-s, men ; see ;or gods, men, gandharva-s, āpsarasa-s, sarpa-s, and manes ;for other enumerations see [ ] etc.);divine and human gandharva-s are distinguished(;the divine or deva-gandharva-s are enumerated );another passage names 11 classes of gandharva-s();the chief or leader of the gandharva-s is named citra-ratha-();they are called the creatures of prajāpati-() or of brahmā-() or of kaśyapa- () or of the muni-s( ) or of prādhā-() or of ariṣṭā-( )or of vāc-();with jaina-s the gandharva-s constitute one of the eight classes of the vyantara-s] | | | ghoṣiṇī | f. plural (iṇyas-) Name of certain evil spirits (see ) (see grāma-ghoṣ/in-.) | | | gopana | n. reviling, abuse | | | goṣedhā | f. ( sidh-) a kind of evil being | | | graha | m. Name of particular evil demons or spirits who seize or exercise a bad influence on the body and mind of man (causing insanity etc.;it falls within the province of medical science to expel these demons;those who especially seize children and cause convulsions etc. are divided into 9 classes according to the number of planets ) etc. | | | grahavarṣaphala | n. Name of (describing the good and evil fortune belonging to certain days, months, or years ruled over by particular planets) . | | | grathila | mfn. possessed by an evil spirit (see grahila-.) | | | han | cl.2 P. () hanti- (3. dual number hat/aḥ-,3. plural ghnanti-;rarely A1. hate-,3. plural ghnate-;and cl.1. hanati-, Vedic or Veda also jighnate-, ti-; Potential hanyāt- also h/anīta-, ghnīta-; imperative jah/i- handh/i-; imperfect tense /ahan-, Vedic or Veda and Epic also ahanat-, ahanan-, aghnanta-; parasmE-pada jaghnat-, ghnamāna- ; perfect tense jagh/āna-, jaghn/uḥ- Epic also jaghne-, nire- subjunctivejagh/anat- ; parasmE-pada jaghniv/as-, Vedic or Veda also jaghanvas-; Aorist ahānīt- [ confer, compare vadh-]; future hantā- ; haṃsyati- ; haniṣy/ati-, te- etc.; infinitive mood h/antum-,Ved. also h/antave-, tav/ai-, toḥ-; ind.p. hatv/ā-,Ved. also tv/ī-, tvāya-, -hatya-; -hanya- ; -gh/ātam- etc.) , to strike, beat (also a drum) , pound, hammer (accusative), strike etc. upon (locative case) etc. ; to smite, slay, hit, kill, mar, destroy ; to put to death, cause to be executed ; to strike off ; to ward off, avert ; to hurt, wound (the heart) ; to hurl (a dart) upon (genitive case) ; (in astronomy) to touch, come into contact ; to obstruct, hinder ; to repress, give up, abandon (anger, sorrow etc.) ; (?) to go, move : Passive voice hany/ate- (Epic also ti-; Aorist avadhi-or aghāni-), to be struck or killed etc. etc.: Causal ghātayati-, te-(properly a Nom.fr. ghāta- q.v; Aorist ajīghatat-or ajīghanat-), to cause to be slain or killed, kill, slay, put to death, punish etc. ; to notify a person's death (kaṃsaṃ ghātayati- equals kaṃsa-vadham ācaṣṭe-) Va1rtt. 6 ; to mar, destroy (varia lectio): Desiderative j/ighāṃsati-, te-(Potential jighāṃsīyat- ; imperfect tense ajighāṃsīḥ- ), to wish to kill or destroy etc. etc.: Intensive j/aṅghanti- (; parasmE-padajaṅghanat-, j/aṅghnat-or gh/anighnat-), jaṅghanyate- (with pass. sense ), jeghnīyate- () , to strike = tread upon (locative case or accusative) ; to slay, kill ; to dispel (darkness) , destroy (evil, harm) ; to hurt, injure, wound [ confer, compare Greek , ; , ; Latin de-fendere,of-fendere; Lit.genu,gi4ti; Slavonic or Slavonian gu8nati.] | | | hari | m. (especially) Name of viṣṇu-kṛṣṇa- (in this sense thought by some to be derived from hṛ-,"to take away or remove evil or sin") etc. | | | hatavidhi | m. evil fate etc. | | | hitāhita | mfn. good and (or) evil, beneficial and (or) disadvantageous | | | jambhaka | m. plural Name of several evil spirits supposed to reside in various magical weapons | | | jhūṇi | f. a voice boding ill-luck, evil omen | | | jighatsu | f. Name of an evil demon | | | jṛmbhaka | m. (equals jambh-) Name of certain magical formularies for exorcising the evil spirits supposed to possess weapons | | | jyotiṣa | m. a particular magical formula for exorcising the evil spirits supposed to possess weapons | | | kābava | m. Name of certain evil spirits | | | kakubha | m. a kind of evil spirit | | | kālaka | m. (gaRa sthūlādi-) Name of a female evil spirit (mother of the kālakeya-s;daughter of dakṣa- ;also of vaiśvānara- & ) etc. | | | kālāntarāvṛttiśubhāśubha | n. plural good and evil things occurring within the revolutions of time. | | | kali | m. (1. kal- commentator or commentary on ), Name of the die or side of a die marked with one dot, the losing die etc. (personified as an evil genius in the episode of nala-) | | | kālī | f. Name of a female evil spirit (mother of the kālakeya-s) | | | kaliśatru | m. an evil enemy(?), . | | | kandala | mfn. a portent (as an eclipse, supposed to forbode evil) | | | kaṇva | m. a peculiar class of evil spirits (against whom the hymn is used as a charm) | | | kaṇvajambhana | mf(ī-)n. consuming or destroying the evil spirits called kaṇva- | | | kāpatha | m. (fr. 2. kā-+ patha-), a bad road, bad ways, erring or evil course | | | kapota | m. ( kav- ;fr. 2. ka-+ pota-?), a dove, pigeon, (especially) the spotty-necked pigeon (in the veda-s often a bird of evil omen) etc. | | | karmadoṣa | m. the evil consequence of human acts, discreditable conduct or business | | | karmāśaya | m. receptacle or accumulation of (good and evil) acts commentator or commentary on | | | karmavipāka | m. "the ripening of actions" id est the good or evil consequences in this life of human acts performed in previous births (eighty-six consequences are spoken of in the śātātapa-smṛti-) | | | kaṣṭa | mfn. boding evil commentator or commentary on | | | kaṣṭatara | n. a worse evil. | | | katth | cl.1 A1. katthate-, cakatthe-, katthitā-, etc. () , to boast ; to mention with praise, praise, celebrate ; to flatter, coax ; to abuse, revile | | | kaṭu | n. blaming, reviling, scandal | | | kaukṛtya | n. (fr. ku-kṛta-,or -kṛtya-), evil doing, wickedness | | | kaulīna | n. rumour, report, evil report, detraction (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) | | | khalīkāra | m. ill-treatment, abusing, reviling | | | kharakaṇḍūyana | n. "scraping or rubbing with a sharp object", making worse any evil | | | khyātagarhaṇa | mfn. having a bad name or evil report, notoriously vile | | | kimīdin | m. Name of a class of evil spirits | | | kimpuruṣa | m. ([ ]) "what sort of a man?"a mongrel being (according to the brāhmaṇa-s an evil being similar to man;perhaps originally a kind of monkey[ see ];in later times the word is usually identified with kiṃ-nara-,though sometimes applied to other beings in which the figure of a man and that of an animal are combined;these beings are supposed to live on hema-kūṭa- and are regarded as the attendants of kubera-;with Jains the kimpuruṣa-s, like the kiṃnara-s, belong to the vyantara-s) | | | kimpuruṣa | m. ([ ]) "what sort of a man?"a mongrel being (according to the brāhmaṇa-s an evil being similar to man;perhaps originally a kind of monkey[ see ];in later times the word is usually identified with kiṃ-nara-,though sometimes applied to other beings in which the figure of a man and that of an animal are combined;these beings are supposed to live on hema-kūṭa- and are regarded as the attendants of kubera-;with Jains the kimpuruṣa-s, like the kiṃnara-s, belong to the vyantara-s) | | | kṛkadāśū | m. or f. a kind of evil spirit [one who hurts or injures" ] | | | krodhavaśa | mfn. with gaṇa- "passionate", Name of several kinds of evil spirits | | | krodhavaśa | m. sg. and plural "passionate", Name of several kinds of evil spirits | | | kṛṣṇavartman | m. a man of evil conduct, low man, outcast, black-guard | | | kṛtya | m. a kind of evil spirit (named either with or without the addition of yakṣa-, mānuṣa-, asura-,etc.) (perhaps varia lectio for tyā-below) | | | kṛtyā | f. (especially personified) a kind of female evil spirit or sorceress etc. | | | krūradṛś | mfn. evil-eyed (said of an owl) | | | krūrākṣa | m. "evil-eyed", Name of an owl (minister of the owl-king ari-mardana-) | | | kṣepa | m. () insult, invective, abuse, reviling | | | kṣepāya | Nom. A1. yate- (parasmE-pada yamāṇa-), to abuse, revile | | | kṣeptavya | mfn. to be reviled or abused | | | kṣip | cl.6 P. kṣip/ati- A1. kṣipate- ( etc.; cl.4 P. kṣipyati-,only ; subjunctive kṣip/at-; perf. cikṣepa- etc.; Epic also cikṣipe-; future 2nd kṣepsyati- etc.; Epic also te-; infinitive mood kṣeptum-; confer, compare ), to throw, cast, send, despatch (Passive voice pr. p.kṣipyat-, ) etc. ; to move hastily (the arms or legs) ; to throw a glance (as the eye) ; to strike or hit (with a weapon) ; to put or place anything on or in (locative case), pour on, scatter, fix or attach to (locative case) etc. ; to direct (the thoughts) upon (locative case) ; to throw away, cast away, get rid of ; to lay (the blame) on (locative case) ; to utter abusive words, insult, revile, abuse etc. ; "to disdain" id est to excel, beat, outvie ; to strike down, ruin, destroy ; (A1."to destroy one another, go to ruin" Potential 3. plural kṣiperan- ) ; to pass or while away (the time or night, kālam-, kṣapām-) ; to lose (time, kālam-; confer, compare kālakṣepa-) ; to skip or pass over (a day, dinam-.) ; (in mathematics) to add : CausalP. kṣepayati-, to cause to cast or throw into (antar-) ; to throw into ; to cause to descend into (locative case) ; to pass or while away (the night, kṣapām-) ; (Aorist subjunctive 2. sg. cikṣipas-) to hurt, injure (confer, compare subjunctive kṣepayat- sub voce, i.e. the word in the Sanskrit order 2. kṣi-); ([ confer, compare Latin sipo,dissipo,forxipo.]) | | | kṣipta | mfn. reviled, despicable (on account of instrumental case or -tas-) | | | kubera | m. or in later Sanskrit kuvera- (originally) Name of a chief of the evil beings or spirits or darkness having the N. vaiśravaṇa- etc. | | | kucaharā | f. Name of an evil spirit who deprives women of their breasts | | | kucara | mfn. following evil practices, wicked | | | kucaritra | n. evil conduct | | | kudina | n. an evil day | | | kugaṇin | mfn. belonging to an evil set of people | | | kukarman | mfn. performing evil actions, wicked | | | kukhyāti | f. evil report, infamy | | | kukṛtya | n. an evil deed, wickedness | | | kukṣila | m. a species of evil spirit | | | kukundha | m. Name of a kind of evil spirit | | | kukūrabha | m. a kind of evil spirit | | | kupatha | m. a bad road, evil way | | | kusṛti | f. evil conduct, wickedness | | | kusṛti | mfn. going evil ways, wicked | | | kuts | (perhaps related to k/utas-) cl.10 P. kutsayati- ([also A1. yate- ;rarely cl.1 P. kutsati- ;once cl.4 P. kutsyati- ]), to despise, abuse, revile, contemn ; ([ confer, compare Lithuanian kussinu.]) | | | kutsana | n. abuse, reviling, reproach | | | kutsita | mfn. despised, reviled, contemptible, vile etc. | | | laṅkā | f. of a śākinī- or evil spirit | | | līkā | f. plural Name of particular evil spirits | | | lokāpavāda | m. the reproach or censure of the world, general evil report, public scandal | | | madhuranirghoṣa | m. Name of an evil spirit or demon | | | mahāduḥkha | n. a great pain or evil | | | mahāpāpman | mfn. doing much evil | | | mahāśānti | f. an expiatory observance and recitation (for averting evil) (also tī- mc.) | | | mahātyaya | m. (hāt-) any great evil or harm or pain | | | mahātyaya | mfn. causing great evil, very pernicious | | | mahātyayatyayika | mfn. connected with any great immediate evil or danger | | | maitrākṣajyotika | m. Name of a particular class of evil beings | | | māna | m. self-conceit, arrogance, pride etc. (with Buddhists one of the 6 evil feelings ;or one of the 10 fetters to be got rid of. ) | | | manoduṣṭa | mfn. defiled with evil thoughts, depraved in mind | | | manu | m. "the thinking creature(?)", man, mankind (also as opp. to evil spirits ;the ṛbhu-s are called manor n/apātaḥ-,the sons of man, ) | | | māra | m. (with Buddhists) the Destroyer, Evil one (who tempts men to indulge their passions and is the great enemy of the buddha- and his religion;four māra-s are enumerated in ,viz. skandha--, kleśa--, devaputra--,and mṛtyu-m-;but the later Buddhist theory of races of gods led to the figment of millions of māra-s ruled over by a chief māra-) | | | mārapāpīyas | m. the evil tempter id est māra- | | | maṭmaṭa | m. a class of demons or evil spirits | | | māyā | f. duplicity (with Buddhists one of the 24 minor evil passions) (in philosophy) Illusion (identified in the sāṃkhya- with prakṛti- or pradhāna- and in that system, as well as in the vedānta-, regarded as the source of the visible universe) | | | middha | n. sloth, indolence (one of the 24 minor evil passions ) . | | | mitrakru | m. or f. (prob.) Name of an evil being | | | mitrakrū | m. or f. (prob.) Name of an evil being | | | mrakṣa | m. concealment of one's vices, hypocrisy (with Buddhists, one of the 24 minor evil qualities) | | | nāṣṭrā | f. danger, destruction, evil demon | | | nikilbiṣa | n. freeing from sin, deliverance from evil | | | nind | or nid- cl.1 P. n/indati-, Epic also te- (the form nid-only in 3. plural perfect tense ninid/us-,in the Desiderative and in some deriv.See under 1. nid-and ninits/u-below; perfect tense nininda- ; Aorist /anindiṣur- ; n/indiṣat- ; Potential nindyāt- ; future nindiṣyati- ; ninditā- ; ind.p. -nindya- ), to blame, censure, revile, despise, ridicule etc. etc.: Desiderative n/initsati-, te-, to wish to blame etc. [ confer, compareGreek .] | | | nindā | f. blame, censure, reproach, reviling, defamation, controversy, injury, outrage. etc. | | | nipīy | P. -p/īyati-, to revile, abuse | | | nipuṇi | m. or f. Name (also title or epithet) of an evil demon, | | | nirākrośa | mfn. unaccused, unreviled | | | nirapāya | mfn. free from harm or evil | | | nirbhartsita | mfn. threatened, menaced, reviled, abused | | | nirvad | P. A1. -vadati-, te- (Aorist -avādiṣam-, -vādiṣṭam-), to order off, warn off, expel or drive away ; to speak out, utter ; to abuse, revile ; to deny | | | nivac | (only Aorist -avocat-), to speak, say ; = Causal : Causal -vācayati-, to abuse, revile | | | pāpa | mf(ī-older than ā-; see ) (in astrology) boding evil, inauspicious | | | pāpabhāva | mfn. evil-minded | | | pāpabuddhi | f. evil intent | | | pāpabuddhi | mfn. evil-minded, wicked | | | pāpacetas | mfn. evil-minded, wicked | | | pāpadhī | mfn. evil-minded | | | pāpadṛṣṭi | mfn. evil-eyed | | | pāpaghna | mf(ī-)n. destroying sin or evil | | | pāpahara | mfn. removing evil | | | pāpahara | n. a means of removing evil | | | pāpaja | mfn. springing from evil | | | pāpajīva | mfn. leading an evil, a villain | | | pāpaka | m. an evil or malignant planet | | | pāpakṛta | n. an evil deed, sin, crime | | | pāpakṛtvan | m. an evildoer, sinner, villain | | | pāpakṛtyā | f. an evil deed, sin, crime etc. | | | pāpaloka | m. the evil world, place of suffering or of the wicked | | | pāpamaya | mf(ī-)n. consisting in evil, bad | | | pāpanirati | f. attachment to evil, wickedness | | | pāpaniścaya | mfn. having evil designs, malevolent | | | pāpaphala | mfn. having evil consequences, inauspicious | | | pāpapriya | mfn. fond of evil, prone to sin | | | pāparākṣasī | f. an evil female demon, witch | | | pāpārambhaka | mfn. intending evil (varia lectio bha-vat-). | | | pāpasaṃkalpa | mf(ā-)n. evil-minded, malevolent | | | pāpāśya | mfn. evil-intentioned | | | pāpātman | mfn. evil-minded, wicked, a wretch, sinner (opp. to dharmātman-) | | | pāpatva | n. evil condition, misery, poverty. | | | pāpaviniścaya | mfn. intending evil | | | pāpayakṣma | m. "the evil disease", consumption (also man- ) | | | pāpīyas | m. (with Buddhists) māraḥ pāpīyān-, the evil spirit, the devil | | | pāpman | m. evil demon, devil, | | | parākṛṣṭa | mfn. disparaged, reviled | | | paranindā | f. reviling others | | | pariśap | P. A1. -śapati-, te-, to curse, execrate ; to abuse, revile (Aorist pary-aśāpsīt-) | | | pariśapta | n. cursing, reviling, anathema | | | parivad | P. -vadati-, to speak out, speak of or about (accusative) ; (also A1.) to speak ill of, revile, slander, accuse | | | parivadana | n. reviling, accusing, clamouring | | | pautrāgha | n. any injury or evil happening to children | | | pavitra | mf(ā-)n. purifying, averting evil, pure, holy, sacred, sinless, beneficent | | | piśāca | m. a fiend, ogre, demon, imp, malevolent or devilish being etc. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound'"a devil of a -") | | | piśācāṅganā | f. a female piśāca-s, a she-devil | | | piśācī | f. a female piśāca-, a she-devil etc. etc. (also in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' = m.) | | | piśunavāda | m. () evil speech, detraction, slander. | | | pīy | cl.1 P. p/īyati-, to blame, abuse, revile, scoff, deride ; to gladden (see ) . | | | prakaṇva | m. "freed from evil"(?), Name of a place | | | prasaṅga | m. evil inclination or illicit pursuit | | | pratigha | m. anger, wrath, enmity (one of the 6 evil passions ) | | | pratikṛ | P. A1. -karoti-, -kurute-, (infinitive mood pratī-kartum- ), to do or make an opposition ; to return, repay, requite (good or evil [ accusative ] , with genitive case dative case or locative case of Persian) etc. ; to counteract, resist (accusative or genitive case) ; to treat, attend to, cure (a disease) ; to repair, mend, restore ; to pay back (a debt) : Causal A1. -kārayate-, to cause to be repeated : Desiderative -cikīrṣati-, to wish to take revenge on (accusative or locative case) for (accusative) | | | pratikriyā | f. requital (of good or evil), retaliation, compensation, retribution etc. | | | pratilambhita | n. censure, reviling | | | pratipāpa | mfn. wicked or evil in return, recompensing evil for evil | | | pratipīy | P. -p/īyati-, to abuse, revile | | | pratyākroṣṭavya | mfn. to be reviled in return | | | pratyākruś | P. -krośati-, to challenge or revile in return | | | pratyākṣepaka | mf(ikā-)n. ( kṣip-) reviling in turn, deriding ( pratyākṣepakatva -tva- n.) | | | pratyāpatti | f. turning back (from evil), conversion (equals vairāgya- ) | | | preta | m. the spirit of a dead person (especially before obsequial rites are performed), a ghost, an evil being etc. (see ) . | | | pretavāhita | mfn. possessed by an evil spirit | | | pulvagha | mfn. doing much evil | | | rājanindaka | m. a scorner or reviler of a kind | | | rakṣābhūṣaṇa | n. an ornament worn for protection (against evil spirits etc.) | | | rakṣāmahauṣadhi | f. a sovereign remedy serving as a preservative (against evil spirits etc.) | | | rakṣāmaṅgala | n. a ceremony performed for protection (against evil spirits etc.) | | | rakṣāmaṇi | m. a jewel worn as a preservative (against evil spirits etc.) | | | rakṣāmantra | m. Name of a collection of Vedic hymns (chanted at weddings in order to protect the bridal pair from evil influences). | | | rakṣāpradīpa | m. a light kept burning for protection (against evil spirits etc.) | | | rakṣāratnapradīpa | m. a lamp shining or brilliant with gems used as a preservative (against evil spirits etc.) | | | rakṣas | n. (in and also rakṣ/as-,m.) an evil being or demon, a rākṣasa- (q.v;in identified with nirṛti- or nairṛta-) | | | rākṣasa | m. a rakṣas- or demon in general, an evil or malignant demon (the rākṣasa-s are sometimes regarded as produced from brahmā-'s foot, sometimes with rāvaṇa- as descendants of pulastya-, elsewhere they are styled children of khasā- or su-rasa-;according to some they are distinguishable into 3 classes, one being of a semi-divine benevolent nature and ranking with yakṣa-s etc.;another corresponding to Titans or relentless enemies of the gods;and a third answering more to nocturnal demons, imps, fiends, goblins, going about at night, haunting cemeteries, disturbing sacrifices and even devouring human beings;this last class is the one most commonly mentioned;their chief place of abode was laṅkā- in Ceylon;in they are fully described; see also ) etc. | | | rakṣāsarṣapa | m. mustard as a preservative (against evil spirits etc.) | | | rakṣasvin | mfn. demoniacal, evil-disposed, malignant | | | raudra | m. (plural,or sg. with gaṇa-) a class of evil spirits | | | raumya | n. Name of particular evil demons in the service of śiva- (see rauma-). | | | rāvaṇa | m. Name of the ruler of laṅkā- or Ceylon and the famous chief of the rākṣasa-s or demons whose destruction by rāmacandra- forms the subject of the rāmāyaṇa- (as son of viśravas- he was younger brother of kubera-, but by a different mother, ilavila- being the mother of kubera-, and keśinī- of the three other brothers rāvaṇa- vibhīṣaṇa-, and kumbha-karṇa-;he is one of the worst of the many impersonations of evil common in Hindu mythology;he has ten heads and twenty arms, symbolizing strength;this power was, as usual, acquired by self-inflicted austerities, which had obtained from brahmā- a boon, in virtue of which rāvaṇa- was invulnerable by gods and divine beings of all kinds, though not by men or a god in human form;as viṣṇu- became incarnate in rāma-candra- to destroy rāvaṇa-, so the other gods produced innumerable monkeys, bears, and various semi-divine animals to do battle with the legions of demons, his subjects, under khara-, dūṣaṇa-, and his other generals) etc. () | | | ṛkṣīkā | f. Name of an evil spirit | | | roga | m. (1. ruj-) "breaking up of strength", disease, infirmity, sickness (also personified as an evil demon) etc. | | | rudra | mfn. (prob.) crying, howling, roaring, dreadful, terrific, terrible, horrible (applied to the aśvin-s, agni-, indra-, mitra-, varuṇa-, and the sp/aśaḥ-) (according to to others"red, shining, glittering", fr. a rud-or rudh-connected with rudhira-;others"strong, having or bestowing strength or power", fr. arud- equals vṛd-, vṛdh-;native authorities give also the following meanings,"driving away evil";"running about and roaring", fr. ru-+ dra-= dru-2;"praiseworthy, to be praised";"a praiser, worshipper"equals stotṛ- ) | | | sadasat | n. good and evil | | | sadasatphala | (in the beginning of a compound) good and evil consequences | | | sadasatphalamaya | mf(ī-)n. consisting of good and evil consequences | | | sahama | n. (fr. Arabic $) good or evil luck arising from the influence of the stars. | | | śakuni | m. of an evil demon (son of duḥ-saha-) | | | śākunin | m. a particular evil demon | | | śāluḍa | m. Name of an evil demon | | | samākruṣṭa | mfn. ( kruś-) reviled, abused | | | śamana | n. malediction, reviling (wrong reading for śapana-) | | | śamanīṣada | m. "night-goer", a rākṣasa-, evil spirit, demon | | | samapadhyai | P. -dhyāyati- (Epic also A1. te-), to think ill or badly of, meditate evil or injury against, injure | | | sambhartsita | mfn. ( bharts-) much censured, abused, reviled | | | saṃdṛṣṭa | mfn. completely seen or beheld (pāpa-s-,"having an evil aspect") | | | saṃduṣ | P. -duṣyati-, to become utterly corrupt or polluted or unclean : Causal -dūṣayati- (ind.p. -dūṣya-), to corrupt, vitiate, defile, stain, spoil ; to revile, abuse, censure, expose to shame or infamy | | | saṃdūṣita | mfn. exposed to shame, reviled, abused | | | śaṃs | cl.1 P. () ś/aṃsati- (mc. also A1.; perfect tense śaśaṃsa-, se- etc.; śaṃsuḥ-, sire- ; parasmE-pada śaṃsivas- q.v; Aorist aśaṃsīt- etc., etc.: subjunctive śaṃsiṣat- ;2. plural śasta- ; śastāt- ;1. sg. śaṃsi- ; preceding śasyāt-. grammar; future śaṃsitā- ; śaṃsiṣyati- etc.; infinitive mood śaṃsitum- ; -śase- ; indeclinable parasmE-pada śastv/ā-, -śasya-, -śaṃsam- etc.; -śaṃsya-), to recite, repeat (especially applied to the recitation of texts in the invocations addressed by the hotṛ- to the adhvaryu-, when śaṃs-is written śoṃs-and the formulas śoṃsāmas-, śoṃsāvas-, śoṃsāva-are used;See 2. ā-hāva-) ; to praise, extol etc. ; to praise, commend, approve ; to vow, make a vow (?) ; to wish anything (accusative) to (dative case) to relate, say, tell, report, declare, announce to (genitive case or dative case;"who or where anybody is" accusative;also with two acc, "to declare anybody or anything to be-") etc. ; to foretell, predict, prognosticate etc. ; to calumniate, revile ; to hurt, injure ; to be unhappy : Passive voice śasy/ate-, to be recited or uttered or praised or approved etc. etc.: Causal śaṃsayati- (Aoristaśaśaṃsat-), to cause to repeat or recite ; to predict, foretell : Desiderative śiśaṃsiṣati- grammar : Intensive śāśasyate-, śāśaṃsti- [ confer, compare Latin carmenforcasmen;casme1nacame1na;censeo.] | | | saṃsargadoṣa | m. the fault or evil consequences of association (with bad people) | | | saṃskṛ | (see saṃ-kṛ-; upa-s-kṛ-and pari-ṣ-kṛ-) P. A1. -skaroti-, -skurute- (imperfect tense sam-askurvata- ; perfect tense saṃ-caskāra- ; Aorist sam-askṛta-; preceding saṃ-skriyāt-, saṃ-skṛṣīṣṭa-;fut saṃ-skariṣyati- ; infinitive mood saṃ-skaritum- ; ind.p. saṃ-skṛtya- ), to put together, form well, join together, compose etc. ; (A1.) to accumulate (pāpāni-,"to add evil to evil") ; to prepare, make ready, dress, cook (food) etc. ; to form or arrange according to sacred precept, consecrate, hallow (in various ways; see saṃ-skāra-) etc. ; to adorn, embellish, refine, elaborate, make perfect, (especially) form language according to strict rules (see saṃ-skṛta-) ; to correct (astronomically) : Passive voicesaṃ-skriyate-, to be put together or arranged or prepared or consecrated or refined etc.: Causal saṃskārayati-, to cause to (be) put together etc. ; to cause to be consecrated : Desiderative saṃ-ciṣkīrṣati- : Intensive saṃ-ceṣkrīyate- | | | saṃśliṣṭakarman | mfn. not distinguishing between good and evil actions (varia lectio saṃ-kliṣṭa-k-) | | | saṃtarjana | mfn. threatening, abusing, reviling | | | saṃtarjana | n. and f(ā-). the act of threatening or reviling | | | śaṅkā | f. (in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound' f(ā-).) apprehension, care, alarm, fear, distrust, suspicion of (ablative locative case,or prati-with accusative,or compound; brahma-hatyā-kṛtā śaṅkā-,"the fear of having committed the murder of a Brahman"; pāpa-śaṅkā na katavyā-,"no evil is to be suspected") etc. | | | śānta | mfn. abated, subsided, ceased, stopped, extinguished, averted (śāntam-or dhik śāntam-or śāntam pāpam-,may evil or sin be averted! may God forfend! Heaven forbid! not so!) etc. | | | śānti | f. alleviation (of evil or pain), cessation, abatement, extinction (of fire etc.) etc. | | | śānti | f. any expiatory or propitiatory rite for averting evil or calamity etc. (see ) | | | śāntigṛha | () () n. a room for the performance of propitiatory rites to avert evil. | | | śāntigṛhaka | () n. a room for the performance of propitiatory rites to avert evil. | | | śāntika | mfn. propitiatory, expiatory, averting evil | | | śāntika | n. a propitiatory rite for averting evil | | | śāntikaraṇa | n. the averting of evil | | | śāntikarman | n. any action for averting evil | | | śāntikartṛ | m. any divinity who averts evil or suffering | | | śāntikṛt | mfn. removing evil or causing alleviation by reciting texts etc. | | | śāntisadman | n. a room for performing any propitiatory rite for averting evil (equals -gṛha-) | | | śāntivācana | n. the reciting of a text for averting evil etc. gaRa puṇyāha-vācanādi-on Va1rtt. 3 | | | śap | cl.1.4. P. A1. () śapati-, te- or śapyati-, te- (the latter only in ; perfect tense śaś/āpa-, śep/e- Aorist aśāpsīt-, aśapta- grammar [2. plural śāpta-in prob. wrong reading ]; future śaptā- ; śapsyati-, te- ; śapiṣye- ; infinitive mood śaptum-or śapitum- ; ind.p.śapitvā- ; śaptvā- grammar), to curse (mostly P.with accusative;in A1.with dative case) etc. ; (P. A1.) to swear an oath, utter an execration (sometimes with śapatham-or thān-;also with anṛtam-,to swear a false oath) etc. ; (P. A1.) to revile, scold, blame (accusative,rarely dative case) ; (A1.; mc. also P.) to curse one's self (followed by yadi-,"if", i.e. to promise with an oath, vow or swear,"that one will not"etc.;or followed by dative case and rarely accusative of the person to whom and instrumental case of the object by which one swears;or followed by iti- exempli gratia, 'for example' varuṇeti-,"to swear by the name of varuṇa-" ) etc. ; (A1.) to adjure, supplicate, conjure any one (accusative) by (instrumental case) : Causal śāpayati- (Aoristaśīśapat-), to adjure, conjure, exorcise (demons) ; to cause any one (accusative) to swear by (instrumental case) (see śāpita-): Desiderativeśiśapsati-, te- grammar : Intensive śāśapyate-, śāśapti-, or śaṃśpyate-, śaṃśapti- | | | śapana | n. reviling, abuse | | | śapatha | m. scolding, reviling | | | saptārcis | mfn. evil-eyed | | | śapva | m. abuse, reviling | | | saraṭapatanapraśānti | f. Name of work (on removing the evil consequences of a lizard falling on one's head). | | | śarku | m. Name of an evil demon | | | sarvahārin | m. "all-seizing", Name of an evil spirit | | | śāstranindā | f. reviling or denying the authority of the śāstra- | | | sasyahan | m. Name of an evil demon (the son of duḥsaha-) | | | śatabāhu | m. of an evil demon (māra-putra-) | | | śevadhi | m. treasury, an inexhaustible quantity (of good or evil) | | | sinīvālīkuhūśānti | f. Name of a religious ceremony (for averting the evil effects of being born on sinīvālī- and kuhū- days) | | | sitāsita | mfn. good and evil, | | | śmaśānasādhana | n. magical rites performed in a burning-grounds to obtain control over evil spirits | | | smṛtiharā | f. "memory-seizer", Name of a daughter of duḥ-saha- (described as exercising an evil influence on the memory) | | | smṛtiharikā | f. "memory-seizer", Name of a daughter of duḥ-saha- (described as exercising an evil influence on the memory) | | | sopasarga | mf(ā-)n. possessed by an evil spirit | | | śoṣa | m. pulmonary consumption (also personified as an evil demon) | | | śreyas | m. good (as opp. to"evil"), welfare, bliss, fortune, happiness etc. | | | srima | m. a kind of nocturnal spirit of evil | | | śubhāśubha | mf(ā-)n. pleasant and unpleasant, agreeable and disagreeable, prosperous and unfortunate, good and evil etc. | | | śubhāśubha | n. weal and woe, good and evil | | | śubhāśubhalakṣaṇa | n. a mark or sign of good and bad fortune, good. or evil omen | | | śubhāśubhaphala | mfn. producing good or evil results | | | sudarśana | m. of a mystical staff (carried by saṃnyāsin-s as a defence against evil spirits, and consisting of a bamboo with six knots) | | | sudurmati | mfn. very foolish or evil-minded | | | sukṛta | n. well arranged, adorned, made good (with mati- f."a well-taken resolution";with anartha- m."an evil turned to good"; kim atra sukṛtam bhavet-,"what would be best done here?") etc. | | | sumahātyaya | mfn. causing very great evil or destruction, very pernicious | | | svayaṃhārakarī | f. "self-seizing", Name of a daughter of nirmārṣṭi- (and duḥsaha-;she is described as exercising an evil influence on certain substances exempli gratia, 'for example' by abstracting the colour from saffron and the thread from cotton) | | | svayaṃhārī | f. "self-seizing", Name of a daughter of nirmārṣṭi- (and duḥsaha-;she is described as exercising an evil influence on certain substances exempli gratia, 'for example' by abstracting the colour from saffron and the thread from cotton) | | | svayaṃhārikā | f. "self-seizing", Name of a daughter of nirmārṣṭi- (and duḥsaha-;she is described as exercising an evil influence on certain substances exempli gratia, 'for example' by abstracting the colour from saffron and the thread from cotton) | | | tamaḥprcchādaka | mfn. covering with darkness (said of an evil demon), | | | taṅgalva | m. Name of an evil spirit | | | tara | m. Name of a magical spell (against evil spirits supposed to possess certain weapons) | | | tarjita | mfn. scolded, reviled : | | | tiraskṛta | mfn. censured, reviled, despised (a-- negative) | | | tiryaṅniraya | m. animal nature as a (hell or) punishment for evil deeds | | | udākṛ | P. A1. -karoti-, -kurute-, (imperfect tense -/ākar- ) to expel, drive out ; to fetch out of ; to select, choose ; (only A1. ) to prick on ; to revile, abuse | | | ulūkhala | m. Name of an evil spirit | | | upadruta | mfn. (in astrology) eclipsed = boding evil, inauspicious | | | upākṛta | mfn. attended with evil omens, disastrous, calamitous | | | upālabdha | mfn. reproached, reviled. | | | upālabdhavya | mfn. to be reviled, blamable, censurable | | | upālabh | A1. -labhate-, to touch ; to lay hold of, seize (a sacrificial animal in order to kill it), kill, slaughter ; to censure, reproach, revile, scold | | | upaliṅga | n. a portent, natural phenomenon considered as boding evil | | | upasarga | m. misfortune, trouble, a natural phenomenon (considered as boding evil) etc. | | | upasarga | m. (in med.) a fit, paroxysm (supposed to be possession by an evil spirit) | | | upaśruti | m. Name of an evil spirit | | | upāyākṣepa | m. (in rhetoric) deprecatory speech making mention of the remedy (against the evil deprecated) | | | upeṣat | m. Name of an evil demon ([ ]) | | | vac | cl.2 P. () vakti- (occurs only in sg. vacmi-, vakṣi-, vakti-,and imperative vaktu-; Vedic or Veda also cl.3 P. v/ivakti-; perfect tense uv/āca-, ūj- etc.; uv/aktha- ; vavāca-, vavakṣ/e- ; Aorist avocat-, cata- etc.;in veda- also subjunctive vocati-, te-, vecāti-; Potentialvoc/et-, ceta-; imperative vocatu-; preceding ucyāsam- ; future vakt/ā- etc.; vakṣy/ati- etc.; te- ; Conditional avakṣyat- ; infinitive mood vāktum- etc.; tave- ; tos- ; ind.p. uktv/ā- etc.; -/ucya- ), to speak, say, tell, utter, announce, declare, mention, proclaim, recite, describe (with accusative with or without prati- dative case or genitive case of Persian,and accusative of thing;often with double accusative exempli gratia, 'for example' tam idaṃ vākyam uvāca-,"he spoke this speech to him";with double accusative also"to name, call"A1.with nom;one's self";with punar-,"to speak again, repeat";or "to answer, reply") etc. ; to reproach, revile (accusative) : Passive voice ucy/ate- (Aorist avāci-,or in later language avoci-), to be spoken or said or told or uttered etc. etc. (yad ucyate-,"what the saying is") ; to resound ; to be called or accounted, be regarded as, pass for (Nominal verb also locative case) etc.: Causal vācayati-, te- (Potential vācayīta- ; Aorist avīvacat-; Passive voice vācyate-), to cause to say or speak or recite or pronounce (with, double accusative;often the object is to be supplied) etc. ; to cause anything written or printed to speak id est to read out loud etc. ; () to say, tell, declare ; to promise : Desiderative vivakṣati-, te- (Passive voice vivakṣyate-), to desire to say or speak or recite or proclaim or declare etc. ; (Passive voice) to be meant : Intensive (only /avāvacīt-) to call or cry aloud [ confer, compare Greek for in, etc.; Latin vocare,vox; German gi-waht,gi-wahinnen,er-wähnen.] | | | vacanīyatva | n. liability to be spoken about or against, rumour, report, (especially) evil report, blame, reprehension, | | | vaigaleya | m. (with gaṇa-) Name of a class of evil spirits | | | vaktave | Vedic or Veda infinitive mood of vac- (see above) ("v/aktu- mfn.speaking harshly, reviling") . | | | vāmārcis | mfn. (a fire) flaming towards the left (and so foreboding evil) | | | varṣin | mfn. raining, discharging like rain, pouring out, showering down, distributing (anything good or evil;mostly in fine compositi or 'at the end of a compound') etc. (varṣitā ṣi-tā- f.) | | | vega | m. Name of a class of evil demons | | | vibhāṣ | A1. -bhāṣate-, to speak variously, speak against, abuse, revile ; (in gram.) to admit an alternative, be optional | | | viceṣṭita | n. evil or malicious act, machination | | | vidhūtapapman | mfn. delivered from evil or sin | | | vidūṣaṇa | n. censuring, reviling, abuse, satire | | | vidveṣa | m. a class of evil demons | | | vigarh | A1. -garhate- (rarely ti-), to blame, abuse, revile, reproach, despise, contemn etc.: Causal -garhayati-, to revile, rail at, vituperate | | | viheṭhaka | mfn. a reviler | | | vikṝ | P. -kirati-, to scatter, throw or toss about, disperse etc. ; to dishevel ; to pour out, utter, heave (sighs) ; to tear asunder, cleave, split, rend, burst etc. ; to scatter over, bestrew, cover, fill with (instrumental case) etc. ; to revile (?) | | | vikrośana | n. abasing, reviling | | | vikroṣṭṛ | m. a reviler | | | vikruś | P. -krośati- (Epic also te-), to cry out, exclaim etc. ; to raise or utter (a cry) ; to call to, invoke (accusative) ; to sound ; to revile | | | vikruṣṭa | n. abasing, reviling | | | vikṣepa | m. abusing, reviling | | | vikṣiṇatka | mfn. destroying (evil) () | | | vikutsā | f. ( kuts-) violent abuse or reviling | | | vimārga | m. (for 2.See vi--1. mṛj-) a wrong road, evil course etc. | | | vinind | (or nid-) P. -nindati-, to reproach, revile, abuse | | | vinirbharts | (only ind.p. -bhartsya-), to threaten or revile | | | vinivṛttaśāpa | mfn. freed from (the evil effects of) a curse | | | vipatha | m. n. a different path, wrong road, evil course | | | vipathagāmin | mfn. going in a wrong way or evil course | | | vipathāvapātaparatā | f. the inclination to go in wrong ways (or pursue evil courses) | | | viplava | m. portent, evil omen | | | viplāvana | n. abusing, reviling | | | virāddha | mfn. opposed, thwarted, offended, reviled, abused | | | virūkṣaṇīya | mfn. to be blamed or reviled | | | vīryahārin | m. "stealing vigour", Name of an evil demon | | | viṣaghaṭikājananaśānti | f. Name of a chapter of the vṛddha-gārgya-saṃhitā- (describing rites for averting the evil consequences of being born at one of the 4 periods of the month viṣa-ghaṭikā-). | | | viṣanāḍī | f. a particular inauspicious period of time (the evil consequences of being born in which are to be averted by religious rites) | | | viṣṇu | m. (prob. fr. viṣ-,"All-pervader"or"Worker") Name of one of the principal Hindu deities (in the later mythology regarded as"the preserver", and with brahmā-"the creator"and śiva-"the destroyer" , constituting the well-known tri-mūrti- or triad;although viṣṇu- comes second in the triad he is identified with the supreme deity by his worshippers;in the Vedic period, however, he is not placed in the foremost rank, although he is frequently invoked with other gods [ especially with indra-whom he assists in killing vṛtra- and with whom he drinks the soma- juice; see his later names indrānuja- and upendra-];as distinguished from the other Vedic deities, he is a personification of the light and of the sun, especially in his striding over the heavens, which he is said to do in three paces [See tri-vikrama-and see bali-, vāmana-],explained as denoting the threefold manifestations of light in the form of fire, lightning, and the sun, or as designating the three daily stations of the sun in his rising, culminating, and setting; viṣṇu- does not appear to have been included at first among the āditya-s [ q.v ], although in later times he is accorded the foremost place among them;in the brāhmaṇa-s he is identified with sacrifice, and in one described as a dwarf;in the mahā-bhārata- and rāmāyaṇa- he rises to the supremacy which in some places he now enjoys as the most popular deity of modern Hindu worship;the great rivalry between him and śiva-[ see vaiṣṇava-and śaiva-]is not fully developed till the period of the purāṇa-s: the distinguishing feature in the character of the Post-vedic viṣṇu- is his condescending to become incarnate in a portion of his essence on ten principal occasions, to deliver mankind from certain great dangers[ see avatāra-and ];some of the purāṇa-s make 22 incarnations, or even 24, instead of 10;the vaiṣṇava-s regard viṣṇu- as the supreme being, and often identify him with nārāyaṇa-, the personified puruṣa- or primeval living spirit [described as moving on the waters, reclining on śeṣa-, the serpent of infinity, while the god brahmā- emerges from a lotus growing from his navel; see ];the wives of viṣṇu- are aditi- and sinīvālī-, later lakṣmī- or śrī- and even sarasvatī-;his son is kāma-deva-, god of love, and his paradise is called vaikuṇṭha-;he is usually represented with a peculiar mark on his breast called śrī-vatsa-, and as holding a śaṅkha-,or conch-shell called pāñcajanya-, a cakra-or quoit-like missile-weapon called su-darśana-, a gadā-or club called kaumodakī- and a padma-or lotus;he has also a bow called śārṅga-, and a sword called nandaka-;his vāhana-or vehicle is garuḍa- q.v;he has a jewel on his wrist called syamantaka-, another on his breast called kaustubha-, and the river Ganges is said to issue from his foot;the demons slain by him in his character of "preserver from evil", or by kṛṣṇa- as identified with him, are madhu-, dhenuka-, cāṇūra-, yamala-, and arjuna- [see yamalārjuna-], kāla-nemi-, haya-grīva-, śakaṭa-, ariṣṭa-, kaiṭabha-, kaṃsa-, keśin-, mura-, śālva-, mainda-, dvi-vida-, rāhu-, hiraṇya-kaśipu-, bāṇa-, kāliya-, naraka-, bali-;he is worshipped under a thousand names, which are all enumerated in ;he is sometimes regarded as the divinity of the lunar mansion called śravaṇa-) etc. (see ) | | | vṛjinavartani | (vṛjin/a--) mfn. following evil courses, wicked | | | vṛtra | m. Name of the Vedic personification of an imaginary malignant influence or demon of darkness and drought (supposed to take possession of the clouds, causing them to obstruct the clearness of the sky and keep back the waters; indra- is represented as battling with this evil influence in the pent up clouds poetically pictured as mountains or castles which are shattered by his thunderbolt and made to open their receptacles[ see especially ];as a dānava-, vṛtra- is a son of tvaṣṭṛ-, or of danu- q.v,and is often identified with ahi-, the serpent of the sky, and associated with other evil spirits, such as śuṣṇa-, namuci-, pipru-, śambara-, uraṇa-, whose malignant influences are generally exercised in producing darkness or drought) etc. | | | vṛttibhāj | mfn. "performing sacrifices etc."or"doing good and evil" (homādi-vyāpāraṃ kurvan-or puṇya-pāpa-kārin- Scholiast or Commentator) | | | vyākrośa | m. abusing, reviling (alsof(ī-). ) | | | vyākrośaka | mfn.one who abuses or reviles | | | vyākūti | f. wrong or evil intention, fraud, deception | | | vyāpāda | m. evil intent or design, malice (one of the ten sins ) . | | | vyāpannacitta | mfn. evil-minded, malicious | | | vyasana | n. attachment or devotion or addiction to (locative case or compound), passion, (especially) evil passion, sin, crime, vice (said to arise either from love of pleasure or from anger;eight are enumerated under the first head, viz. mṛgayā-, dyūta-or akṣa-, divā-svapna-, parivāda-, striyaḥ-, mada-, taurya-trika-, vṛthātyā-;and eight under the second, viz. paiśunya-, sāhasa-, droha-, irṣyā-, asūyā- artha-dūṣaṇa- vākpāruṣya-, daṇḍa-pāruṣya-, qq.vv.) etc. | | | vyasana | n. evil predicament or plight, disaster, accident, evil result, calamity, misfortune (vyasanāni- plural misfortunes) , ill-luck, distress, destruction, defeat, fall, ruin etc. | | | vyasanin | mfn. addicted to any kind of vice or evil practice (as gaming, drinking etc.), vicious, dissolute | | | vyasanitā | f. an evil passion | | | vyasanotsava | m. a feast for the (evil) passions, an orgy etc. | | | vyavakrośana | n. abuse, reviling (in general). | | | vyuṣṭi | f. consequence, fruit, reward for (genitive case locative case,or compound) requital (of good or evil) etc. | | | yamadūta | m. a crow (as boding evil or death) | | | yātu | m. a kind of evil, spirit, fiend, demon | | | yātudhāna | m. equals yātu-, a kind of evil spirit or demon (f(ī-).) etc. |
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  | | | akalyāṇa | अकल्याण a. [न. त.] Inauspicious, unlucky. -णम् Inauspiciousness, ill, evil, adversity. | | | akārya | अकार्य a. [न. त] Improper, not fit to be done. -र्यम् An improper, unworthy or bad act, a criminal or sinful action; मा नाम वैक्लव्यादकार्यं कुर्यात् Mk.3. (आत्मघातादिरूपम्). -Comp. -कारिन् a. 1 an evil-doer, one who commits a misdeed; महापातकिनश्चैव शेषाश्चाकार्यकारिणः Ms.11.239 one that neglects one's duty; दानेनाकार्यकारिणः (शुध्यन्ति) 5.17. | | | akāla> | अकाल> a. [नास्ति उचितः कालो यस्य] 1 Untimely, premature, inopportune, unseasonable, out of season; न प्रजासु ˚मृत्युश्चरति U.2; न ह्यकालभवो मृत्युरिक्ष्वाकुपदमस्पृशत् ॥ R.15.44; अकालमृत्युहरणं सर्वव्याधिविनाशनम् । सूर्यपादोदकं तीर्यं जठरे धारया- म्यहम् ॥ (सूर्यनमस्कारसंकल्पः); ˚बातावली Ratn.3. -2 [न कालः] Not black, white. -लः [न. त.] Wrong, inauspicious or unseasonable time, not the proper time (for anything); unholy time in a year calculated and shown in Indian almanacs. ˚लः स्वबलप्रधानविरोधस्य Ve.3; ˚लः कुलजनस्य निवर्तितुं Mu.7; अकाले बोधितो भ्राता R.12.81 (at an improper time); अत्यारूढो हि नारीणामकालज्ञो मनोभवः 12.33 takes no account of proper or improper time; अकाले वीक्षितो विष्णुर्हन्ति पुण्यं पुराकृतम्; नाकाले म्रियते कश्चित् प्राप्ते काले न जीवति; नाकाले म्रियते जन्तुः H.1.17 does not die a premature death; काले प्राप्तस्त्वकाले वा नास्यानश्नन् गृहे वसेत् Ms.3.15 in time or late. -Comp. -कुसुमम्, -पुष्पम् a flower blossoming out of season; ˚कुसुमानीव भयं संजनयन्ति हि H.3.23, (a bad omen boding some evil.) -कूष्माण्डः a pumpkin produced out of season; (fig.) of a useless birth. -ज, -उत्पन्न, -जात a. produced out of season; premature; unseasonable. -जलदः 1 an untimely cloud. 2 N. of the great-grandfather of the poet Rājaśekhara. -जलदोदयः, -मेघोदयः 1 an unseasonable rise or gathering of clouds; बालातपमिवाब्जानामकाल- जलदोदयः R.4.61. -2 mist or fog. -ज्ञ a. taking no account of proper or improper time; अत्यारूढो हि नारीणामकालज्ञो मनोभवः R.12.33. -वेला unseasonable or improper time. -सह a. 1 not enduring delay or loss of time, impatient, not biding one's time. --2 not able to hold out (for a long time), unable to stand a protracted siege (as a दुर्ग); H.3.137. | | | akuśala | अकुशल a. [न. त] 1 Inauspicious, evil; unlucky, unfortunate. -2 Not clever or skilful. -3 Unpleasant, unwelcome; न द्वेष्ट्यकुशलं कर्म Bg.1.1. -लम् Evil; स स्निग्धो $कुशलान्निवारयति यः H.2.141 guards from evils. | | | agasti | अगस्ति [विन्ध्याख्यं अगं अस्यति; अस्-क्तिच् शकन्ध्वादि˚, Uṇ.4. 179, or अगं विन्ध्याचलं स्त्यायति _x001F_+स्तभ्नाति, स्त्यै-क; or अगः कुम्भः तत्र स्त्यानः संहतः इत्यगस्त्यः] 1 'Pitcher-born,' N. of a celebrated Ṛiṣi or sage. -2 N. of the star Canopus, of which Agastya is the regent. -3 N. of a plant (बकवृक्ष) Sesbana (or Ӕschynomene) Grandiflora [Mar. रुईमंदार]. [The sage Agastya is a very reputed personage in Hindu mythology. In the Ṛigveda he and Vasiṣṭha are said to be the off-springs of Mitra and Varuṇa, whose seed fell from them at the sight of the lovely nymph Urvaśī at a sacrificial session. Part of the seed fell into a jar and part into water; from the former arose Agastya, who is, therefore, called Kumbhayoni, Kumbhajanman, Ghaṭodbhava, Kalaśayoni &c; from the latter Vasiṣṭha. From his parentage Agastya is also called Maitrāvaruṇi, Aurvaśeya, and, as he was very small when he was born, he is also called Mānya. He is represented to have humbled the Vindhya mountains by making them prostrate themselves before him when they tried to rise higher and higher till they wellnigh occupied the sun's disc and obstructed his path. See Vindhya. (This fable is supposed by some, to typify the progress of the Āryas towards the south in their conquest and civilization of India, the humbling of the mountain standing meta-phorically for the removal of physical obstacles in their way). He is also known by the names of Pītābdhi, Samudra-chuluka &c.; from another fable according to which he drank up the ocean because it had offended him and because he wished to help Indra and the gods in their wars with a class of demons called Kāleyas who had hid themselves in the waters and oppressed the three worlds in various ways. His wife was Lopāmudrā. She was also called Kauṣītakī and Varapradā. She bore him two sons, Dṛḍhāsya and Dṛḍhāsyu. In the Rāmāyaṇa Agastya plays a distinguished part. He dwelt in a hermitage on mount Kunjara to the south of the Vindhya and was chief of the hermits of the south. He kept under control the evil spirits who infested the south and a legend relates how he once ate up a Rākṣasa named Vātāpi, who had assumed the form of a ram, and destroyed by a flash of his eye the Rākṣasa's brother who attempted to avenge him. In the course of his wandering Rāma with his wife and brother came to the hermitge of Agastya who received him with the greatest kindness and became his friend, adviser and protector. He gave Rāma the bow of Viṣṇu and accompanied him to Ayodhyā when he was restored to his kingdom after his exile of 14 years. The superhuman power which the sage possessed, is also represented by another legend, according to which he turned king Nahuṣa into a serpent and afterwards restored him to his proper form. In the south he is usually regarded as the first teacher of science and literature to the primitive Dravidian tribes, and his era is placed by Dr. Caldwell in the 7th or 6th century B.C. The Purāṇas represent Agastya as the son of Pulastya (the sage from whom the Rākṣsas sprang) and Havirbhuvā the daughter of Kardama. Several 'hymn-seers' are mentioned in his family, such as his two sons, Indra-bāhu, Mayobhuva and Mahendra, also others who served to perpetuate the family. The sage is represented as a great philosopher, benevolent and kind-hearted, unsurpassed in the science of archery and to have taken a principal part in the colonization of the south; निर्जितासि मया भद्रे शत्रुहस्तादमर्षिणा । अगस्त्येन दुराधर्षा मुनिना दक्षिणेव _x001F_.दिक् ॥ Rām; अगस्त्याचरितामाशाम् R.4.44; cf. also; अगस्त्यो दक्षिणामाशामाश्रित्य नभसिः स्थितः । वरुणस्यात्मजो योगी विन्ध्यवातापिमर्दनः ॥ and R.6.61; Mv.7.14.] अगस्तितुल्या हि घृताब्धिशोषणे । Udbhaṭa. | | | agniḥ | अग्निः [अङ्गति ऊर्ध्वं गच्छति अङ्ग्-नि,नलोपश्च Uṇ.4.5., or fr. अञ्च् 'to go.'] 1 Fire कोप˚, चिन्ता˚, शोक˚, ज्ञान˚, राज˚, &c. -2 The God of fire. -3 Sacrificial fire of three kinds (गार्हपत्य, आहवनीय and दक्षिण); पिता बै गार्हपत्यो$ ग्निर्माताग्निर्दक्षिणः स्मृतः । गुरुराहवनीयस्तु साग्नित्रेता गरीयसी ॥ Ms. 2.232. -4 The fire of the stomach, digestive faculty, gastric fluid. -5 Bile (नाभेरूर्ध्व हृदयादधस्तादामाशयमाचक्षते तद्गतं सौरं तेजः पित्तम् इत्याचक्षते). -6 Cauterization (अग्नि- कर्मन्). -7 Gold. -8 The number three. शराग्निपरिमाणम् (पञ्चत्रिंशत्) Mb.13.17.26. -9 N. of various plants: (a) चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica; (b) रक्तचित्रक; (c) भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium; (d) निम्बक Citrus Acida. -1 A mystical substitute for the letter र्. In Dvandva comp. as first member with names of deities, and with particular words अग्नि is changed to अग्ना, as ˚विष्णू, ˚मरुतौ, or to अग्नी, ˚पर्जन्यौ, ˚ वरुणौ, ˚षोमौ -11 पिङगला नाडी; यत्र तद् ब्रह्म निर्द्वन्द्वं यत्र सोमः, (इडा) सहाग्निना (अग्निः पिङ्गला) Mb.14.2.1. -12 Sacrificial altar, अग्निकुण्ड cf. Rām. 1.14.28. -13 Sky. अग्निर्मूर्धा Muṇḍ 2.1.4. [cf. L. ignis.] [Agni is the God of Fire, the Ignis of the Latins and Ogni of the Slavonians. He is one of the most prominent deities of the Ṛigveda. He, as an immortal, has taken up his abode among mortals as their guest; he is the domestic priest, the successful accomplisher and protector of all ceremonies; he is also the religious leader and preceptor of the gods, a swift messenger employed to announce to the immortals the hymns and to convey to them the oblations of their worshippers, and to bring them down from the sky to the place of sacrifice. He is sometimes regarded as the mouth and the tongue through which both gods and men participate in the sacrifices. He is the lord, protector and leader of people, monarch of men, the lord of the house, friendly to mankind, and like a father, mother, brother &c. He is represented as being produced by the attrition of two pieces of fuel which are regarded as husband and wife. Sometimes he is considered to have been brought down from heaven or generated by Indra between two clouds or stones, created by Dyau, or fashioned by the gods collectively. In some passages he is represented as having a triple existence, which may mean his three-fold manifestations as the sun in heaven, lightning in the atmosphere, and as ordinary fire on the earth, although the three appearances are also elsewhere otherwise explained. His epithets are numberless and for the most part descriptive of his physical characteristics : धूमकेतु, हुतभुज्, शुचि, रोहिताश्व, सप्तजिह्व, तोमरधर, घृतान्न, चित्रभानु, ऊर्ध्वशोचिस्, शोचिष्केश, हरिकेश, हिरण्यदन्त, अयोदंष्ट्र &c. In a celebrated passage he is said to have 4 horns, 3 feet, 2 heads, and 7 hands. The highest divine functions are ascribed to Agni. He is said to have spread out the two worlds and _x001F_+ produced them, to have supported heaven, formed the mundane regions and luminaries of heaven, to have begotten Mitra and caused the sun to ascend the sky. He is the head and summit of the sky, the centre of the earth. Earth, Heaven and all beings obey his commands. He knows and sees all worlds or creatures and witnesses all their actions. The worshippers of Agni prosper, they are wealthy and live long. He is the protector of that man who takes care to bring him fuel. He gives him riches and no one can overcome him who sacrifices to this god. He confers, and is the guardian of, immortality. He is like a water-trough in a desert and all blessing issue from him. He is therefore constantly supplicated for all kinds of boons, riches, food, deliverance from enemies and demons, poverty, reproach, childlessness, hunger &c. Agni is also associated with Indra in different hymns and the two gods are said to be twin brothers. Such is the Vedic conception of Agni; but in the course of mythological personifications he appears as the eldest son of Brahmā and is called Abhimānī [Viṣṇu Purāṇa]. His wife was Svāhā; by her, he had 3 sons -Pāvaka, Pavamāna and Śuchi; and these had forty-five sons; altogether 49 persons who are considered identical with the 49 fires. He is also represented as a son of Aṅgiras, as a king of the Pitṛs or Manes, as a Marut and as a grandson of Śāṇḍila, and also as a star. The Harivaṁśa describes him as clothed in black, having smoke for his standard and head-piece and carrying a flaming javelin. He is borne in a chariot drawn by red horses and the 7 winds are the wheels of his car. He is accompanied by a ram and sometimes he is represented as riding on that animal. Agni was appointed by Brahamā as the sovereign of the quarter between the south and east, whence the direction is still known as Āgneyī. The Mahābhārata represents Agni as having exhausted his vigour and become dull by devouring many oblations at the several sacrifices made by king Śvetaki, but he recruited his strength by devouring the whole Khāṇḍava forest; for the story see the word खाण्डव]. -Comp. -अ (आ) गारम् -रः, -आलयः, -गृहम् [अग्निकार्याय अगारम् शाक˚ त.] a fire-sanctuary, house or place for keeping the sacred fire; वसंश्चतुर्थो$ग्निरिवाग्न्यगारे R.5.25. रथाग्न्यगारं चापार्चीं शरशक्तिगदे- न्धनम् Mb.11.25.14. -अस्त्रम् fire-missile, a rocket, -आत्मक a. [अग्निरात्मा यस्य] of the nature of fire सोमा- त्मिका स्त्री, ˚कः पुमान्. -आधानम् consecrating the fire; so ˚आहिति. -आधेयः [अग्निराधेयो येन] a Brāhmana who maintains the sacred fire. (-यम्) = ˚आधानम्. -आहितः [अग्निराहितो येन, वा परनिपातः P.II.2.37.] one who maintains the sacred fire; See आहिताग्नि. -इध् m. (अग्नीध्रः) [अग्निम् इन्द्धे स अग्नीध्] the priest who kindles fire (mostly Ved). -इन्धनः [अग्निरिध्यते अनेन] N. of a Mantra. (नम्) kindling the fire; अग्नीन्धनं भैक्षचर्याम् Ms.2.18. -उत्पातः [अग्निना दिव्यानलेन कृतः उत्पातः] a fiery portent, meteor, comet &c. In Bṛ. S.33 it is said to be of five kinds: दिवि भुक्तशुभफलानां पततां रूपाणि यानि तान्युल्काः । धिष्ण्योल्का- शनिविद्युत्तारा इति पञ्चधा भिन्नाः ॥ उल्का पक्षेण फलं तद्वत् धिष्ण्याशनिस्त्रिभिः पक्षैः । विद्युदहोभिः ष़ड्भिस्तद्वत्तारा विपाचयति ॥ Different fruits are said to result from the appearances of these portents, according to the nature of their colour, position &c. -उद्धरणम्, -उद्धारः 1 producing fire by the friction of two araṇis. -2 taking out, before sun-rise, the sacred fire from its cover of ashes previous to a sacrifice. -उपस्थानम् worship of Agni; the Mantra or hymn with which Agni is worshipped (अग्निरुपस्थीयते$नेन) अग्निस्त्रिष्टुभ् उपस्थाने विनियोगः Sandhyā. -एधः [अग्निमेधयति] an incendiary. -कणः; -स्तोकः a spark. -कर्मन् n. [अग्नौ कर्म स. त.] 1 cauterization. -2 action of fire. -3 oblation to Agni, worship of Agni (अग्निहोत्र); so ˚कार्य offering oblations to fire, feeding fire with ghee &c.; निर्वर्तिताग्निकार्यः K.16.; ˚र्यार्धदग्ध 39, Ms.3.69, अग्निकार्यं ततः कुर्यात्सन्ध्ययोरुभयोरपि । Y.1.25. -कला a part (or appearance) of fire; ten varieties are mentioned धूम्रार्चिरुष्मा ज्वलिनी ज्वालिनी विस्फु- लिङ्गिनी । सुश्री: सुरूपा कपिला हव्यकव्यवहे अपि ॥ यादीनां दश- वर्णानां कला धर्मप्रदा अमूः ।). -कारिका [अग्निं करोति आधत्ते करणे कर्तृत्वोपचारात् कर्तरि ण्वुल्] 1 the means of consecrating the sacred fire, the Ṛik called अग्नीध्र which begins with अग्निं दूतं पुरो दधे. 2. = अग्निकार्यम्. -काष्ठम् अग्नेः उद्दीपनं काष्ठं शाक ˚त.] agallochum (अगुरु) -कुक्कुटः [अग्नेः कुक्कुट इव रक्तवर्णस्फुलिङ्गत्वात्] a firebrand, lighted wisp of straw. -कुण्डम [अग्नेराधानार्थं कुण्डम्] an enclosed space for keeping the fire, a fire-vessel. -कुमारः, -तनयः; सुतः 1 N. of Kārttikeya said to be born from fire; Rām.7. See कार्त्तिकेय. -2 a kind of preparation of medicinal drugs. -कृतः Cashew-nut; the plant Anacardium occidentale. [Mar.काजू] -केतुः [अग्नेः केतुरिव] 1 smoke. -2 N. of two Rākṣasas on the side of Rāvaṇa and killed by Rāma. -कोणः -दिक् the south-east corner ruled over by Agni; इन्द्रो वह्निः पितृपतिर्नौर्ऋतो वरुणो मरुत् । कुबेर ईशः पतयः पूर्वादीनां दिशां क्रमात् ॥ -क्रिया [अग्निना निर्वर्तिता क्रिया, शाक. त.] 1 obsequies, funeral ceremonies. -2 branding; भेषजाग्निक्रियासु च Y.3.284. -क्रीडा [तृ. त.] fire-works, illuminations. -गर्भ a. [अग्निर्गर्भे यस्य] pregnant with or containing fire, having fire in the interior; ˚र्भां शमीमिव Ś 4.3. (--र्भः) [अग्निरिव जारको गर्भो यस्य] 1 N. of the plant Agnijāra. -2 the sun stone, name of a crystal supposed to contain and give out fire when touched by the rays of the sun; cf Ś2.7. -3 the sacrificial stick अरणि which when churned, gives out fire. (-र्भा) 1 N. of the Śamī plant as containing fire (the story of how Agni was discovered to exist in the interior of the Śamī plant is told in chap. 35 of अनु- शासनपर्व in Mb.) -2 N. of the earth (अग्नेः सकाशात् गर्भो यस्यां सा; when the Ganges threw the semen of Śiva out on the Meru mountain, whatever on earth &c. was irradiated by its lustre, became gold and the earth was thence called वसुमती) -3 N. of the plant महा- ज्योतिष्मती लता (अग्निरिव गर्भो मध्यभागो यस्याः सा) [Mar. माल- कांगोणी] -ग्रन्थः [अग्निप्रतिपादको ग्रन्थः शाक. त.] the work that treats of the worship of Agni &c. -घृतम् [अग्न्युद्दीपनं घृतं शाक. त.] a kind of medicinal preparation of ghee used to stimulate the digestive power. -चित् m. अग्निं चितवान्; चि-भूतार्थे क्विप् P.III.2.91] one who has kept the sacred fire; यतिभिः सार्धमनग्निमग्निचित् R.8.25; अध्वरे- ष्वग्निचित्वत्सु Bk.5.11. -चयः, -चयनम्, -चित्या. arranging or keeping the sacred fire (अग्न्याधान); चित्याग्निचित्ये च P.III.1.132. -2 (-यः, -यनः) the Mantra used in this operation. -3 a heap of fire -चित्वत् [अग्निचयनम् अस्त्यस्मिन् मतुप्; मस्य वः । तान्तत्वान्न पद- त्वम् Tv.] having अग्निचयन or अग्निचित्. -चूडः A bird having a red tuft. -चर्णम् gunpowder. कार्यासमर्थः कत्यस्ति शस्त्रगोलाग्निचूर्णयुक् Śukranīti 2.93. -ज, -जात a. produced by or from fire, born from fire. (-जः, -जातः) 1 N. of the plant अग्निजार (अग्नये अग्न्युद्दीपनाय जायते सेवनात् प्रभवति). 1 N. of Kārttikeya पराभिनत्क्रौञ्चमिवाद्रिमग्निजः Mb.8.9. 68.3. Viṣṇu. (-जम्, -जातम) gold; so ˚जन्मन्. -जित् m. God; Bhāg.8.14.4. -जिह्व a. 1 having a fiery tongue. -2 one having fire for the tongue, epithet of a God or of Visṇu in the boar incarnation. (-ह्वा) 1 a tongue or flame of fire. -2 one of the 7 tongues of Agni (कराली धूमिनी श्वेता लोहिता नीललोहिता । सुवर्णा पद्मरागा च जिह्वा: सप्त विभावसोः -3 N. of a plant लाङ्गली (अग्नेर्जिह्वेव शिखा यस्याः सा); of another plant (जलपिप्पली) or गजपिप्पली (विषलाङ्गला) (Mar. जल-गज पिंपळी) -ज्वाला 1 the flame or glow of fire. -2 [अग्नेर्ज्वालेव शिखा यस्याः सा] N. of a plant with red blossoms, chiefly used by dyers, Grislea Tomentosa (Mar. धायफूल, धायटी). -तप् a. [अग्निना तप्यते; तप्-क्विप्] having the warmth of fire; practising austerities by means of fire. -तपस् a. [अग्निभिः तप्यते] 1 practising very austere penance, standing in the midst of the five fires. -2 glowing, shining or burning like fire (तपतीति तपाः अग्निरिव तपाः) hot as fire -तेजस् a. having the lustre or power of fire. (अग्नेरिव तेजो यस्य). (-स् n.) the lustre of fire. (-स् m.) N. of one of the 7 Ṛiṣis of the 11th Manvantara. -त्रयम् the three fires, See under अग्नि. -द a. [अग्निं दाहार्थं गृहादौ ददाति; दा. -क.] 1 giving or supplying with fire -2 tonic, stomachic, producing appetite, stimulating digestion. -3 incendiary; अग्निदान् भक्तदांश्चैव Ms.9.278; अग्निदानां च ये लोकाः Y.2.74; so ˚दायक, ˚दायिन्. यदग्निदायके पापं यत्पापं गुरुतल्पगे. Rām.2.75.45. -दग्ध a. 1 burnt on the funeral pile; अग्निदग्धाश्च ये जीवा ये$प्यदग्धाः कुले मम Vāyu. P. -2 burnt with fire. -3 burnt at once without having fire put into the mouth, being destitute of issue (?); (pl.) a class of Manes or Pitṛis who, when alive, kept up the household flame and presented oblations to fire. -दमनी [अग्निर्दम्यते$नया; दम्-णिच् करणे ल्युट] a narcotic plant, Solanum Jacquini. [Mar. रिंगणी] -दातृ [अग्निं विधानेन ददाति] one who performs the last (funeral) ceremonies of a man; यश्चाग्निदाता प्रेतस्य पिण्डं दद्यात्स एव हि. -दीपन a. [अग्निं दीपयति] stimulating digestion, stomachic, tonic. -दीप्त a. [तृ. त्त.] glowing, set on fire, blazing (-प्ता) [अग्निर्जठरानलो दीप्तः सेवनात् यस्याः सा] N. of a plant ज्योतिष्मती लता (Mar. मालकांगोणी), which is said to stimulate digestion. -दीप्तिः f. active state of digestion. -दूत a. अग्निर्दूत इव यस्मिन् यस्य वा] having Agni for a messenger, said of the sacrifice or the deity invoked; यमं ह यज्ञो गच्छत्यग्निदूतो अरंकृतः Rv.1.14.13. -दूषितः a. branded. -देवः [अग्नि- रेव देवः] Agni; a worshipper of Agni. -देवा [अग्निर्देवो यस्याः] the third lunar mansion, the Pleiades (कृत्तिका). -द्वारम् the door on the south-east of a building; पूर्व- द्वारमथैशाने चाग्निद्वारं तु दक्षिणे । Māna.9.294-95. -धानम् [अग्निर्धियते$स्मिन्] the place or receptacle for keeping the sacred fire, the house of अग्निहोतृ; पदं कृणुते अग्निधाने Rv. 1.165.3. -धारणम् maintaining the sacred fire; व्रतिनां ˚णम् K. 55. -नयनम् = ˚प्रणयनम्. -निर्यासः [अग्नेर्ज- ठरानलस्येव दीपको निर्यासो यस्य] N. of the plant अग्निजार. -नेत्र a. [अग्निर्नेता यस्य] having Agni for the leader or conveyer of oblations, an epithet of a god in general. -पदम् 1 the word Agni. -2 fire-place. -3 N. of a plant. -परिक्रि-ष्क्रि-या care of the sacred fire, worship of fire, offering oblations; गृहार्थो$ग्निपरिष्क्रिया Ms.2.67. -परिच्छदः the whole sacrificial apparatus; गृह्यं चाग्निपरिच्छदम् Ms.6. 4. -परिधानम् enclosing the sacrificial fire with a kind of screen. -परीक्षा [तृ. त.] ordeal by fire. -पर्वतः [अग्निसाधनं पर्वतः] a volcano; महता ज्वलता नित्यमग्निमेवाग्नि- पर्वतः Rām.5.35.43. -पुच्छः [अग्नेः अग्न्याधानस्थानस्य पुच्छ इव]. tail or back part of the sacrificial place; the extinction of fire. -पुराणम् [अग्निना प्रोक्तं पुराणम्] one of the 18 Purāṇas ascribed to Vyāsa. It derives its name from its having been communicated originally by Agni to the sage Vasiṣṭha for the purpose of instructing him in the two-fold knowledge of Brahman. Its stanzas are said to be 145. Its contents are varied. It has portions on ritual and mystic worship, cosmical descriptions, chapters on the duties of Kings and the art of war, a chapter on law, some chapters on Medicine and some treatises on Rhetoric, Prosody, Grammar, Yoga, Brahmavidyā &c. &c. -प्रणयनम् bringing out the sacrificial fire and consecrating it according to the proper ritual. -प्रणिधिः Incendiary. Dk.2.8. -प्रतिष्ठा consecration of fire, especially the nuptial fire. -प्रवेशः; -शनम [स. त.] entering the fire, self-immolation of a widow on the funeral pile of her husband. -प्रस्कन्दनम् violation of the duties of a sacrificer (अग्निहोमाकरण); ˚परस्त्वं चाप्येवं भविष्यसि Mb.1.84.26. -प्रस्तरः [अग्निं प्रस्तृणाति अग्नेः प्रस्तरो वा] a flint, a stone producing fire. -बाहुः [अग्ने- र्बाहुरिव दीर्घशिखत्वात्] 1 smoke. -2 N. of a son of the first Manu; Hariv. N. of a son of Priyavrata and Kāmyā. V. P. -बीजम् 1 the seed of Agni; (fig.) gold (रुद्रतेजः समुद्भूतं हेमबीजं विभावसोः) -2 N. of the letter र्. -भम [अग्नि- रिव भाति; भा-क.] 1 'shining like fire,' gold. -2 N. of the constellation कृत्तिका. -भु n. [अग्नेर्भवति; भू-क्विप् ह्रस्वान्तः] 1 water. -2 gold. -भू a. [अग्नेर्भवतिः भू-क्विप्] produced from fire. (भूः) 1 'fire-born,' N. of Kārttikeya. -2 N. of a teacher (काश्यप) who was taught by Agni. -3 (arith.) six. -भूति a. produced from fire. (-तिः) [अग्निरिव भूतिरैश्वर्यं यस्य] N. of a pupil of the last Tīrthaṅkara. (-तिः) f. the lustre or might of fire. -भ्राजस् a. Ved. [अग्निरिव भ्राजते; भ्राज्-असुन्] shining like fire. अग्निभ्राजसो विद्युतः Ṛv.5.54.11. -मणिः [अग्नेरुत्थापको मणिः शाक. त.] the sunstone. -मथ् m. [अग्निं मथ्नाति निष्पादयति; मन्थ्-क्विप्- नलोपः] 1 the sacrificer who churns the fuel-stick. -2 the Mantra used in this operation, on the अरणि itself. -मन्थः, -न्थनम्, producing fire by friction; or the Mantra used in this operation. (-न्थः) [अग्निर्मथ्यते अनेन मन्थ्-करणे घञ्] N. of a tree गणिकारिका (Mar. नरवेल) Premna Spinosa (तत्काष्ठयोर्घर्षणे हि आशु वह्निरुत्पद्यते), -मान्द्यम् slowness of digestion, loss of appetite, dyspepsia. -मारुतिः अग्निश्च मरुच्च तयोरपत्यं इञ् ततो वृद्धिः इत् च; द्विपदवृद्धौ पृषो. पूर्वपदस्य ह्रस्वः Tv.] N. of the sage Agastya. -मित्रः N. of a king of the Śunga dynasty, son of Puṣypamitra who must have flourished before 15 B. C. -the usually accepted date of Patañjali-as the latter mentions पुष्यमित्र by name. -मुखः a. having Agni at the head. (-खः) [अग्निर्मुखमिव यस्य] 1 a deity, god, (for the gods receive oblations through Agni who is, therefore, said to be their mouth; अग्निमुखा वै देवाः; अग्निर्मुखं प्रथमं देवतानाम् &c; or अग्निर्मुखे अग्रे येषाम्, for fire is said to have been created before all other gods.) -2 [अग्निर्मुखं प्रधानमुपास्यो यस्य] one who maintains the sacred fire (अग्निहोतृद्विज) -3 a Brāhmaṇa in general (अग्निर्दाहकत्वात् शापाग्निर्मुखे यस्य for Brāhmaṇas are said to be वाग्वज्राः). -4 N. of two plants चित्रक Plumbago Zeylanica and भल्लातक Semicarpus Anacardium अग्निरिव स्पर्शात् दुःखदायकं मुखमग्रम् यस्य, तन्निर्यासस्पर्शेन हि देहे क्षतोत्पत्तेस्थयोस्तथात्वम्) -5 a sort of powder or चूर्ण prescribed as a tonic by चक्रदत्त -6 'fire-mouthed, sharp-biting, an epithet of a bug. Pt. 1. (-खी) अग्निरिव मुखमग्रं यस्याः; गौरादि-ङीष्] 1 N. of a plant भल्लातक (Mar. बिबवा, भिलावा) and लाङ्गलिका (विषलाङ्गला). -2 N. of the Gāyatri Mantra (अग्निरेव मुखं मुखत्वेन कल्पितं यस्याः सा, or अग्नेरिव मुखं प्रजापतिमुखं उत्पत्ति- द्वारं यस्याः, अग्निना समं प्रजापतिमुखजातत्वात्; कदाचिदपि नो विद्वान् गायत्रीमुदके जपेत् । गायत्र्याग्निमुखी यस्मात्तस्मादुत्थाय तां जपेत् ॥ गोभिल). -3 a kitchen [पाकशाला अग्निरिव उत्तप्तं मुखं यस्याः सा]. -मूढ a. [तृ. त.] Ved. made insane or stupefied by lightning or fire. -यन्त्रम् A gun अग्नियन्त्रधरैश्चक्रधरैश्च पुरुषैर्वृतः Śivabhārata 12.17. -यानम् An aeroplane. व्योमयानं विमानं स्यात् अग्नियानं तदेव हि । अगस्त्यसंहिता. -योगः See पञ्चाग्निसाधन. अग्नियोगवहो ग्रीष्मे विधिदृष्टेन कर्मणा । चीर्त्वा द्वादशवर्षाणि राजा भवति पार्थिवः ॥ Mb.13.14,2.43. -योजनम् causing the sacrificial fire to blaze up. -रक्षणम् 1 con-secrating or preserving the sacred (domestic) fire or अग्निहोत्र. -2 [अग्निः रक्ष्यते अनेन अत्र वा] a Mantra securing for Agni protection from evil spirits &c. -3 the house of an अग्निहोतृ. -रजः, -रजस् m. [अग्निरिव रज्यते दीप्यते; रञ्ज्-असुन् नलोपः] 1 a scarlet insect by name इन्द्रगोप. -2 (अग्नेः रजः) the might or power of Agni. -3 gold. Mb.3. 16.86.7 -रहस्यम् mystery of (worshipping &c.) Agni; N. of the tenth book of Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa. -राशिः a heap of fire, burning pile. -रुहा [अग्निरिव रोहति रुह्-क] N. of the plant मांसादनी or मांसरोहिणी (तदङ्कुरस्य वह्नितुल्य- वर्णतया उत्पन्नत्वात्तथात्वं तस्याः). -रूप a. [अग्नेरिव रूपं वर्णो यस्य] fire-shaped; of the nature of fire. -रूपम् the nature of fire. -रेतस् n. the seed of Agni; (hence) gold. -रोहिणी [अग्निरिव रोहति; रुह्-णिनि] a hard inflammatory swelling in the armpit. -लोकः the world a Agni, which is situated below the summit of Meru; in the Purāṇas it is said to be in the अन्तरिक्ष, while in the Kāśī Khaṇḍa it is said to be to the south of इन्द्रपुरी; एतस्या दक्षिणे भागे येयं पूर्दृश्यते शुभा । इमामर्चिष्मतीं पश्य वीतिहोत्रपुरीं शुभाम् ॥ -वधूः Svāhā, the daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Agni -वर्चस् a. [अग्नेर्वर्च इव वर्चो यस्य] glowing or bright like fire. (n.) the lustre of Agni. (-m.) N. of a teacher of the Purāṇas. -वर्ण a. [अग्नेरिव वर्णो यस्य] of the colour of fire; hot; fiery; सुरां पीत्वा द्विजो मोहादग्निवर्णां सुरां पिबेत् Ms.11.9; गोमूत्रमग्निवर्णं वा पिबेदुदकमेव वा 91. (र्णः) 1 N. of a prince, son of Sudarśana. -2 N. of a King of the solar race, See R.19.1. the colour of fire. (-र्णा) a strong liquor. -वर्धक a. stimulating digestion, tonic. (-कः) 1 a tonic. -2 regimen, diet (पथ्याहार). -वल्लभः [अग्नेर्वल्लभः सुखेन दाह्यत्वात्] 1 the Śāla tree, Shorea Robusta. -2 the resinous juice of it. -वासस् a. [अग्निरिव शुद्धं वासो यस्य] having a red (pure like Agni) garment. (n.) a pure garment. -वाह a. [अग्निं वाहयति अनुमापयति वा] 1 smoke. -2 a goat. -वाहनम् a goat (छाग). -विद् m. 1 one who knows the mystery about Agni. -2 an अग्निहोत्रिन् q. v. -विमोचनम् ceremony of lowering the sacrificial fire. -विसर्पः pain from an inflamed tumour, inflammation. -विहरणम्, -विहारः 1 taking the sacrificial fire from आग्नीध्र to the उत्तरवेदि. -2 offering oblations to fire; प्रत्यासन्ना ˚वेला K.348. -वीर्यम् 1 power or might of Agni. -2 gold. -वेतालः Name of Vetāla (connected with the story of Vikra-māditya). -वेशः [अग्नेर्वेश इव] N. of an ancient medical authority (चरक). -वेश्मन् m. the fourteenth day of the karma-ṃāsa; Sūryaprajñapti. -वेश्यः 1 N. of a teacher, Mbh. -2 Name of the 22nd muhūrta; Sūryapraj-ñapti. धौम्य cf. Mb 14.64.8. -शरणम्, -शाला-लम् a fire-sanctuary; ˚मार्गमादेशय Ś.5; a house or place for keeping the sacred fire; ˚रक्षणाय स्थापितो$हम् V.3. -शर्मन् a. [अग्निरिव शृणाति तीव्रकोपत्वात् शॄ-मनिन्] very passionate. (-m.) N. of a sage. -शिख a. [अग्नेरिव अग्निरिव वा शिखा यस्य] fiery, fire-crested; दहतु ˚खैः सायकैः Rām. (-खः) 1 a lamp. -2 a rocket, fiery arrow. -3 an arrow in general. -4 safflower plant. -5 saffron. -6 जाङ्गलीवृक्ष. (-खम्) 1 saffron. -2 gold. (-खा) 1 a flame; शरैरग्निशिखोपमैः Mb. -2 N. of two plants लाङ्गली (Mar. वागचबका or कळलावी) Gloriosa Superba; of other plants (also Mar. कळलावी) Meni-spermum Cordifolium. -शुश्रूषा careful service or worship of fire. -शेखर a. fire-crested. (-रः) N. of the कुसुम्भ, कुङ्कुम and जाङ्गली trees (-रम्) gold, -शौच a. [अग्नेरिव शौचं यस्य] bright as fire; purified by fire K.252. -श्री a. [अग्नेरिव श्रीर्यस्य] glowing like fire; lighted by Agni -ष्टुत्, -ष्टुभ, -ष्टोम &c. see ˚ स्तुत्, ˚स्तुभ् &c. -ष्ठम् 1 kitchen; अग्निष्ठेष्वग्निशालासु Rām.6.1.16. -2 a fire-pan. -संयोगाः explosives. Kau. A.2.3. -ष्वात्तः see स्वात्तः -संस्कारः 1 consecration of fire. -2 hallowing or con-secrating by means of fire; burning on the funeral pile; यथार्हं ˚रं मालवाय दत्वा Dk.169; नास्य कार्यो$ग्निसंस्कारः Ms.5.69, पितरीवाग्निसंस्कारात्परा ववृतिरे क्रियाः । R.12.56. -सखः; -सहायः 1 the wind. -2 the wild pigeon (smoke-coloured). -3 smoke. -सम्भव a. [प. ब.] sprung or produced from fire. (-वः) 1 wild safflower. -2 lymph, result of digestion. (-वम्) gold. -साक्षिक [अग्निः साक्षी यत्र, कप्] a. or adv. keeping fire for a witness, in the presence of fire; पञ्चबाण˚ M.4.12. ˚मर्यादो भर्ता हि शरणं स्त्रियाः H.1.v. l, R.11.48. -सारम् [अग्नौ सारं यस्य अत्यन्तानलोत्तापनेपि सारांशादहनात् Tv.] रसाञ्जन, a sort of medical preparation for the eyes. (-रः -रम्) power or essence of fire. -सुतः Kārttikeya; त्वामद्य निहनिष्यामि क्रौञ्चमग्निसुतो यथा । Mb.7.156.93. -सूत्रम् a thread of fire. -2 a girdle of sacrificial grass (मौञ्जीमेखला) put upon a young Brāhmaṇa at the time of investiture. -सूनुः (See -सुतः), (सेनानीरग्निभूर्गुहः । Amar.); देव्यङ्कसंविष्ट- मिवाग्निसूनुम् । Bu. ch.1.67. -स्तम्भः 1 stopping the burning power of Agni. -2 N. of a Mantra used in this operation. -3 N. of a medicine so used. -स्तुत् m. (अग्निष्टुत्) [अग्निः स्तूयते$त्र; स्तु-आधारे क्विप् षत्वम्] the first day of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice; N. of a portion of that sacrifice which extends over one day; यजेत वाश्वमेधेन स्वर्जिता गोसवेन वा । अभिजिद्विश्वजिद्भ्यां वा त्रिवृता- ग्निष्टुतापि वा ॥ Ms.11.74. -स्तुभ् (˚ष्टुभ्) m. [अग्निः स्तुभ्यते$त्र; स्तुभ्-क्विप् षत्वम्] 1 = अग्निष्टोम. -2 N. of a son of the sixth Manu. -रतोमः (˚ष्टोमः) [अग्नेः स्तोमः स्तुतिसाधनं यत्र] 1 N. of a protracted ceremony or sacrificeial rite extending over several days in spring and forming an essential part of the ज्योतिष्टोम. -2 a Mantra or Kalpa with reference to this sacrifice; ˚मे भवो मन्त्रः ˚मः; ˚मस्य व्याख्यानम्, कल्पः ˚मः P.IV.3.66. Vārt. -3 N. of the son of the sixth Manu. -4 a species of the Soma plant; ˚सामन् a part of the Sāma Veda chanted at the conclusion of the Agniṣṭoma sacrifice. -सावर्णिः Name of Manu. -स्थ a. (ष्ठ) [अग्नौ स्थातुमर्हति; स्था-क षत्वम्] placed in, over, or near the fire. (ष्ठः) an iron frying-pan; in the अश्वमेध sacrifice the 11th Yūpa which of all the 21 is nearest the fire. -स्वात्तः (written both as ˚स्वात्त and ˚ष्वात्त) (pl.) [अग्नितः i. e. श्राद्धीयविप्रकर- रूपानलात् सुष्ठु आत्तं ग्रहणं येषां ते] N. of a class of Pitṛs or Manes who, when living on earth, maintained the sacred or domestic fires, but who did not perform the Agniṣṭoma and other sacrifices. They are regarded as Manes of Gods and Brāhmaṇas and also as descendants of Marīchi; Ms.3.195. अग्निष्वात्ताः पितर एह गच्छत Tsy.2.5.12.2. (मनुष्यजन्मन्यग्निष्टोमादियागमकृत्वा स्मार्तकर्मनिष्ठाः सन्तो मृत्वा च पितृत्वं गताः इति सायणः). -हुत्, -होतृ Ved. sacrificing to Agni, having Agni for a priest; Rv.1.66.8. -होत्रम् [अग्नये हूयते$त्र, हु-त्र, च. त.] 1 an oblation to Agni (chiefly of milk, oil and sour gruel.). -2 maintenance of the sacred fire and offering oblation to it; (अग्नये होत्रं होमो$स्मिन् कर्मणीति अग्निहोत्रमिति कर्मनाम); or the sacred fire itself; तपोवनाग्निहोत्रधूमलेखासु K.26. होता स्यात् ˚त्रस्य Ms.11.36. ˚त्रमुपासते 42; स्त्रीं दाहयेत् ˚त्रेण Ms.5.167,6.4, दाहयित्वाग्निहोत्रेण स्त्रियं वृत्तवतीम् Y.1.89. The time of throwing oblations into the fire is, as ordained by the sun himself, evening (अग्नये सायं जुहुयात् सूर्याय प्रातर्जुहुयात्). Agnihotra is of two kinds; नित्य of constant obligation (यावज्जीवमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति) and काम्य occasional or optional (उपसद्भिश्चरित्वा मासमेकमग्निहोत्रं जुहोति). (-त्र) a. Ved. 1 destined for, connected with, Agnihotra. -2 sacrificing to Agni. ˚न्यायः The rule according to which the नित्यकर्मन्s (which are to be performed यावज्जीवम्) are performed at their stipulated or scheduled time only, during one's life time. This is discussed and established by जैमिनि and शबर at Ms.6. 2.23-26. in connection with अग्निहोत्र and other कर्मन्s. ˚हवनी (णी) a ladle used in sacrificial libations, or अग्निहोत्रहविर्ग्रहणी ऋक् Tv.; See हविर्ग्रहणी; ˚हुत् offering the अग्निहोत्र; ˚आहुतिः invocation or oblation connected with अग्निहोत्र. -होत्रिन् a. [अग्निहोत्र-मत्वर्थे इनि] 1 one who practises the Agnihotra, or consecrates and maintains the sacred fire. -2 one who has prepared the sacrificial place. -होत्री Sacrificial cow; तामग्निहोत्रीमृषयो जगृहु- र्ब्रह्मवादिनः Bhāg.8.8.2. | | | agha | अघ a. [अघ्-कर्तरि अच्] 1 Bad, sinful, evil, wicked; अघायुरिन्द्रियारामो मोघं पार्थ स जीवति Bg.3.16. -घम् [अघ् भावे अच्] 1 Sin; अघं स केवलं भुङ्क्ते यः पचत्यात्मकारणात् Ms. 3.118, Bg.3.13; अघौघविध्वंसविधौ पटीयसीः Śi.1.18, हरत्यघं सम्प्रति हेतुरेष्यतः 26; ˚मर्षण &c.; misdeed, fault, crime; श्रेयान् द्विजातिरिव हन्तुमघानि दक्षम् Śi.4.37 sins and griefs also. -2 An evil, mishap, misfortune, accident, injury, harm; न वधूष्वघानि विमृशन्ति धियः Ki.6.45. do not think of doing harm or evil; क्रियादघानां मघवा विघातम् 3.52; अघोपघातं मघवा विभूत्यै 11.8; प्रजानां तमघावहम् R.15.51,19.52, See अनघ. -3 Impurity (अशौचम्); अनुरुन्ध्यादघं त्र्यहम् Ms.5.63; न वर्धयेदघाहानि 84. न राज्ञामघदोषो$स्ति 93; -4 Pain, suffering, grief, distress; उपप्लुतमघौघेन नात्मानमवबुद्ध्यसे Rām.2.7.14, Mb.3.237.19. Bhāg 1.14.2. दयालुमनघस्पृष्टम् R.1.19 not subject to grief. -5 Passion. cf. अंहोदुःखव्यसनेष्वघम् Nm. -घः N. of a demon, brother of Baka and Pūtanā and commander-in-chief of Kaṁsa. [Being sent by Kaṁsa to Gokula to kill Kṛiṣṇa and Balarāma he assumed the form of a huge serpent 4 yojanas long, and spread himself on the way of the cowherds, keeping his horrid mouth open. The cowherds mistook it for a mountain cavern and entered it, cows and all. But Kṛiṣṇa saw it, and having entered the mouth so stretched himself that he tore it to pieces and rescued his companions.] -घा The Goddess of sin; (pl.) the constellation usually called Maghā. -Comp. -असुरः See अघ above. -अहः (अहन्) a day of impurity (अशौचदिनम्) -आयुस् a. leading a wicked life. -कृद् a. sinful, wicked, evil-doer. -घ्नः = ˚नाशन. -नाश, -नाशन a. [अघं नाशयति] expiatory, destroying sin (such as gifts, muttering holy prayers &c.). (-नः) destroyer of the demon अघ; N. of Kṛiṣṇa. -भोजिन् a. [अघं पापफलकं भुङ्क्ते] a sinful eater (one who cooks and eats for his own sake and not for Gods, Manes guests &c.) -मर्षण a. [अघं मृष्यते उत्पन्नत्वे$पि नाशनेन कर्माक्षमत्वात् सह्यते अनेन मृष्-ल्युट्] expiatory, removing or destroying sin, usually applied to a prayer (सन्ध्या) repeated by Brāhmaṇas (the 19th hymn of Rv.1.); सर्वैनसामपध्वंसि जप्यं त्रिष्वघमर्षणं Ak.; यथाश्वमेधः क्रतुराट् सर्वपापापनोदनः । तथाघमर्षणं सूक्तं सर्वपापप्रणाशनम् ॥ The most heinous crimes, such as illicit intercourse with a preceptor's wife, one's own mother, sister, daughter-in-law &c. are said to be expiated by repeating this सूक्त thrice in water; पवित्राण्यघमर्षणानि जपन्त्याम् K.179,38. -मार a. [अघं मारयति नाशयति; मृ णिच्-अण्] destroying sin, an epithet of Gods (यमो मृत्युरघमारो निर्ऋतः). -रुद् a. [अघं रोदिति स्वकर्माक्षमतया यस्मात्, रुद्-अपा- दाने क्विप्] 1 'making sin weep and fly', N. of a Mantra which destroys sin; fearfully howling (?). -2 [अघे व्यसने रोदिति न तत्प्रतीकाराय घटते, क्विप्] one who only weeps in times of calamity, but does not try to get over them. -विषः [अघं व्यसनकारि विषं यस्य] a serpent; fearfully venomous (?). -शंसः अघस्य शंसः; शंस् भावे अच्] 1 indication or reporting of sin. -2 [अघं अनिष्टं शंसति इच्छति; शंस्-अण्] a wicked man, such as a thief. -3 wicked; sin-destroying (?). -शंसिन् a. reporting or telling one's sin or guilt. -हारः a noted robber; rumour of guilt (?). | | | aghārin | अघारिन् a. [अघं व्यसनं ऋच्छति; ऋ-णिनि] Suffering from evil or calamity (व्यसनयुक्त) not anointing (?) | | | aṅgam | अङ्गम् [अम् गत्यादौ बा˚ -गन्; according to Nir. अङ्ग, अङ्ग- नात् अञ्चनात् वा] 1 The body. -2 A limb or member of the body; शेषाङ्गनिर्माणविधौ विधातुः Ku.1.33; क्लेशस्याङ्गमदत्वा Pt.5. 32 without undergoing troubles; इति स्वप्नोपमान्मत्वा कामान्मा गास्तदङ्गताम् । Ki.11.34 do not be influenced or swayed by them (do not be subject to them) -3 (a.) A division or department (of anything), a part or portion, as of a whole; as सप्ताङ्गम् राज्यम्, चतुरङ्गम् बलम्, चतुःषष्ट्ष्ट्यङ्गम् ज्योतिः- शास्त्रम् see the words; गीताङ्गानाम् Pt.5.56; यज्ञश्चेत्प्रतिरुद्धःस्या- देकेनाङ्गेन यज्वनः Ms.11.11. (Hence) (b.) A supplementary or auxiliary portion, supplement; षडङ्ग or साङ्ग वेदः A peculiar use of the word अङ्ग in masculine gender may here be noted वेदांश्चैव तु वेदाङ्गान् वेदान्तानि तथा स्मृतीः । अधीत्य ब्राह्मणः पूर्वं शक्तितो$न्यांश्च संपठेत् Bṛhadyogiyājñaval-kya Smṛiti 12.34. (c.) A constituent part, essential requisite or component; सर्वैर्बलाङ्गैः R.7.59; तदङ्गमग्ऱ्यं मघवन् महाक्रतो R.3.46. (d.) An attributive or secondary part; secondary, auxiliary or dependent member (serving to help the principal one) (opp. प्रधान or अङ्गिन्); अङ्गी रौद्र- रसस्तत्र सर्वे$ङ्गानि रसाः पुनः S. D.517; अत्र स्वभावोक्तिरुत्प्रेक्षाङ्गम् Malli. on Ki 8.26. (e.) An auxiliary means or expedient (प्रधानोपयोगी उपायः or उपकरणम्); सर्वकार्यशरीरेषु मुक्त्वा- ङ्गस्कन्धपञ्चकम् । मन्त्रो योध इवाधीर सर्वाङ्गैः संवृतैरपि ॥ Śi.2.28-29; See अङ्गाङ्गि, पञ्चाङ्ग also (the angas of the several sciences or departments of knowledge will be given under those words). -4 (Gram.) A name for the base of a word; यस्मात्प्रत्ययविधिस्तदादिप्रत्यये अङ्गम् P.I.4.13; यः प्रत्ययो यस्मात्क्रियते तदादिशब्दस्वरूपं तस्मिन्प्रत्यये परे अङ्गसंज्ञं स्यात् Sk. The अङ्ग terminations are those of the nominative, and accusative singular and dual. -5 (Drama) (a.) one of the sub-divisions of the five joints or sandhis in dramas; the मुख has 12, प्रतिमुख 13, गर्भ 12, विमर्ष 13 and उपसंहार 14, the total number of the angas being thus 64; for details see the words. (b.) The whole body of subordinate characters. -6 (astr.) A name for the position of stars (लग्न), See अङ्गाधीश. -7 A symbolical ｅxpression for the number six (derived from the six Vedāngas). -8 The mind; हिरण्यगर्भाङ्गभुवं मुनिं हरिः Śi.1.1, See अङ्गज also. -9 N. of the chief sacred texts of the jainas. -ङ्गः (pl.) N. of a country and the people inhabiting it, the country about the modern Bhāgalpur in Bengal. [It lay on the south of Kauśikī Kachchha and on the right bank of the Ganges. Its capital was Champā, sometimes called Aṅgapurī Lomapādapurī, Karṇapurī or Mālinī. According to Daṇḍin (अङ्गेषु गङ्गातटे बहिश्चम्पायाः) and Hiouen Thsang it stood on the Ganges about 24 miles west of a rocky island. General Cunningham has shown that this description applies to the hill opposite Pātharghāṭā, that it is 24 miles east of Bhāgalpur, and that there are villages called Champanagar and Champapura adjoininng the last. According to Sanskrit poets the country of the Aṅgas lay to the east of Girivraja, the capital of Magadha and to the north-east or south-east of Mithilā. The country was in ancient times ruled by Karṇa] cf. अङ्गं गात्रा- न्तिकोपाय प्रतीकेष्वप्रधानके । देशभेदे तु पुंसि स्यात्...॥ Nm. -a. 1 Contiguous. -2 Having members or divisions. -Comp. -अङ्गि, [अङ्गीभावः -अङगस्य अङ्गिनो भावः] the relation of a limb to the body, of the subordinate to the principal, or of that which is helped or fed to the helper or feeder (गौणमुख्यभावः, उपकार्येपकारकभावश्च); e. g. प्रयाज and other rites are to दर्श as its angas, while दर्श is to them the aṅgi; अङ्गाङ्गिभावमज्ञात्वा कथं सामर्थ्यनिर्णयः । पश्य टिट्टिभमात्रेण समुद्रो व्याकुलीकृतः ॥ H.2.138; अत्र वाक्ये समास- गतयोरुपमयोः साध्यसाधनभावात् ˚वेन सम्बन्धः Malli. on Ki.6.2; अविश्रान्तिजुषामात्मन्यङ्गाङ्गित्वं तु संकरः K.P.1. (अनुग्राह्यानुग्राह- कत्वम्). -अधिपः, -अधीशः 1 lord of the Aṅgas, N. of Karṇa (cf. ˚राजः, ˚पतिः, ˚ईश्वरः, ˚अधीश्वरः). -2 'lord of a लग्न', the planet presiding over it; (अङ्गाधिपे बलिनि सर्वविभूतिसम्पत्; अङ्गाधीशः स्वगेहे बुधगुरुकविभिः संयुतो वीक्षितो वा Jyotiṣa). -अपूर्वम् effect of a secondary sacrificial act. -कर्मन् n. -क्रिया 1 besmearing the body with fragrant cosmetics, rubbing it &c. Dk.39. -2 a supplementary sacrificial act. -क्रमः the order of the performance with reference to the अङ्गs. The rule in this connection is that the अङ्गक्रम must conform to the मुख्यक्रम. cf. MS. 5.1.14. -ग्रहः spasm; seizure of the body with some illness. -ज-जात a. [अङ्गात् जायते जन्-ड] 1 produced from or on the body, being in or on the body, bodily; ˚जं रजः, ˚जाः अलङ्काराः &c. -2 produced by a supplementary rite. -3 beautiful, ornamental. (-जः) -जनुस् also 1 a son. -2 hair of the body (n. also); तवोत्तरीयं करिचर्म साङ्गजम् Ki.18.32. -3 love, cupid (अङ्गं मनः तस्मा- ज्जातः); intoxicating passion; अङ्गजरागदीपनात् Dk.161. -4 drunkenness, intoxication. -5 a disease. (-जा) a daughter. (-जम्) blood, अङ्गजं रुधिरे$नङ्गे केशे पुत्रे मदे पुमान् । नागरे नखरे$पि स्यात्... । Nm. -ज्वरः [अङ्गमङ्गम् अधिकृत्य ज्वरः] the disease called राजयक्ष्मा, a sort of consumption. -दूष- णम् 1 the defects of the limbs; the penalties of a defective construction; Māna. -2 name of the 79th chapter. -द्वीपः one of the six minor Dvīpas. -न्यासः [अङ्गेषु मन्त्र- भेदस्य न्यासः] touching the limbs of the body with the hand accompanied by appropriate Mantras. -पालिः f. [अङ्गं पाल्यते सम्बध्यते$त्र, अङ्ग-पाल्-इ] an embrace (probably a corruption of अङ्कपालि). -पालिका = अङ्कपालि q. v. -प्रत्यङ्गम् [समा. द्वन्द्व] every limb, large and small; ˚गानि पाणिना स्पृष्ट्वा K.167,72. -प्रायश्चित्तम् [अङ्गस्य शुद्ध्यर्थं प्राय- श्चित्तम्] expiation of bodily impurity, such as that caused by the death of a relative, consisting in making presents (पञ्चसूनाजन्यदुरितक्षयार्थं कार्यं दानरूपं प्रायश्चित्तम् Tv.). -भूः a. [अङ्गात् मनसो वा भवति; भू-क्विप्] born from the body or mind. (-भूः) 1 a son. -2 Cupid. -3 [अङ्गानाम् अङ्गमन्त्राणां भूः स्थानम्] one who has touched and purified, and then restrained, his limbs by repeating the Mantras pertaining to those limbs; ब्रह्माङ्गभूर्ब्रह्मणि योजितात्मा Ku.3.15 (सद्योजातादिमन्त्राणाम् अङ्गानां हृदयादिमन्त्राणां भूः स्थानं, कृतमन्त्रन्यासः Malli.). -भङ्गः 1 palsy or paralysis of limbs; ˚विकल इव भूत्वा स्थास्यामि Ś.2. -2 twisting or stretching out of the limbs (as is done by a man just after he rises from sleep); साङ्गभङ्गमुत्थाय Vb.; जृम्भितैः साङ्गभङ्गैः Mu.3.21, K.85. -3 The middle part of the anus and testicles. -मन्त्रः N. of a Mantra. -मर्दः [अङ्ग मर्दयति; मृद्-णिच्] 1 one who shampoos his master's body. -2 [भावे घञ्] act of shampooing; so ˚मर्दका or ˚मर्दिन्, मृद्- णिच् ण्वुल् or णिनि) one who shampoos. -मर्षः [ष. त.] rheumatism; ˚प्रशमनम् the curing of this disease. ˚मेजयत्वम् subtle throbbing of the body; Pātañjala 1.31. -यज्ञः, -यागः [अङ्गीभूतः यज्ञः] a subordinate sacrificial act which is of 5 sorts; समिधो यजति, तनूनपातं यजति, इडो यजति, बर्हिर्यजति, स्वाहाकारं यजति इति पञ्चविधाः । एतेषां सकृदनुष्ठा- नेनैव तन्त्रन्यायेन प्रधानयागानामाग्नेयादीनामुपकारितेति मीमांसा Tv. -रक्तः, -क्तम् [अङ्गे अवयवे रक्तः] N. of a plant गुडारोचनी found in काम्पिल्य country and having red powder (रक्ताङ्गलोचनी). -रक्षकः [अङ्गं रक्षति; रक्ष्-ण्वुल्] a bodyguard, personal attendant Pt.3. -रक्षणी [अङ्ग रक्ष्यते अनया] a coat of mail, or a garment. (-णम्) protection of person. -रागः [अङ्गं रज्यते अनेन करणे घञ्] 1 a scented cosmetic, application of perfumed unguents to the body, fragrant unguent; पुष्पगन्धेन अङ्गरागेण R.12.27, 6.6, स्तनाङ्गरागात् Ku.5.11. -2 [भावे ल्युट्] act of anointing the body with unguents. -रुहम् [अङ्गे रोहति; रुह्-क स. त. P.III.9.135.] hair; मम वर्णो मणिनिभो मृदून्य- ङ्गरुहाणि च Rām.6.48.12. विहङ्गराजाङ्गरुहैरिवायतैः Śi.1.7. -लिपिः f. written character of the Aṅgas. -लेपः [अङ्गं लिप्यते अनेन; लिप्-करणे घञ्] 1 a scented cosmetic. -2 [भावे घञ्] act of anointing. -लोड्यः (लोड ण्यत्) a kind of grass, ginger or its root, Amomum Zingiber. -वस्त्रोत्था f. A louse. -विकल a. [तृ. त.] 1 maimed, paralysed. -2 fainting, swooning. -विकृतिः f. 1 change _x001F_2of bodily appearance; collapse. -2 [अङ्गस्य विकृतिश्चालनादिर्यस्मात् प. ब.] an apoplectic fit, swooning, apoplexy (अपस्मार). -विकारः a bodily defect. -विक्षेपः 1 movement of the limbs; gesticulation. -2 a kind of dance. -विद्या [अङ्गरूपा व्याकरणादिशास्त्ररूपा विद्या ज्ञानसाधनम्] 1 the science of grammar &c. contributing to knowledge. -2 the science of foretelling good or evil by the movements of limbs. Kau. A.1.12; N. of chapter 51 of Bṛhat Saṁhitā which gives full details of this science; न नक्षत्राङ्गविद्यया...भिक्षां लिप्सेत कर्हिचित् Ms.6.5. -विधिः [अङ्गस्य प्रधानोपकारिणः विधिः विधानम् [a subordinate or subsidiary act subservient to a knowledge of the principal one (प्रधान- विधिविधेयकर्मणो$ङ्गबोधकतया अङ्गविधिः). -वीरः chief or principal hero. -वैकृतम् [अङ्गेन अङ्गचेष्टया वैकृतं हृदयभावो ज्ञाप्यते यत्र बहु.] 1 a sign, gesture or ｅxpression of the face leading to a knowledge of internal thoughts (आकार) -2 a nod, wink. -3 changed bodily appearance. -वैगुण्यम् a defect or flaw in the performance of some subordinate or subsidiary act which may be expiated by thinking of Viṣṇu); श्राद्धादिपद्धतौ कर्मान्ते यत्किञ्चिदङ्गवैगुण्यं जातं तद्दोषप्रशमनाय विष्णुस्मरणमहं करिष्ये इत्यभिलापवाक्यम् Tv.). -संस्कारः, -संस्क्रिया [अङ्गं संस्क्रियते अनेन; कृ-करणे or भावे- घञ्) 1 embellishment of person, personal decoration, doing whatever secures a fine personal appearance, such as bathing, rubbing the body, perfuming it with cosmetic &c. -2 [कर्त्रर्थे अण्] one who decorates or embellishes the person. -संहतिः f. compactness, symmetry; body; स्थेयसीं दधतमङ्गसंहतिम् Ki.13.5; or strength of the body. -संहिता The phonetic relation between consonants and vowels in the body of a word Ts. Prāt. -सङ्गः bodily contact, union; coition. -सुप्तिः f. Benumbing of the body. -सेवकः a personal attendant, body-guard. -स्कन्धः [कर्मधा.] a subdivision of a science. -स्पर्शः fitness or qualification for bodily contact or being touched by others. -हानिः f. 1. a defect or flaw in the performance of a secondary or subsidiary act (= ˚वैगुण्यम्); दैवाद् भ्रमात् प्रमादाच्चेदङ्गहानिः प्रजायते । स्मरणादेव तद्विष्णोः संपूर्णं स्यादिति श्रुतिः ॥ -हारः [अङ्गं ह्रियते इतस्ततः चाल्यते यत्र, हृ-आधारे or भावे घञ्] gesticulation, movements of the limbs, a dance; अङ्गहारैस्तथैवान्या कोमलै- र्नृत्यशालिनी Rām.5.1.36. संसक्तैरगुरुवनेषु साङ्गहारम् Ki.7.37. Ku.7.91. -हारिः [अङ्गं ह्रियते$त्र; हृ-बा˚णि] 1 gesticulation. -2 stage; dancing hall. -हीन a. [तृ. त.] 1 mutilated, deprived of some defective limb (अङ्गं हीनं यथो- चितप्रमाणात् अल्पं यस्य) according to Suśruta a man is so born, if the mother's दोहद has not been duly fulfilled (सा प्राप्तदौर्हृदा पुत्रं जनयेत गुणान्वितम् । अलब्धदौर्हृदा गर्भे लभेता- त्मनि वा भयम् ॥ येषु येष्विन्द्रियार्थेषु दौर्हृदे वै विमानना । जायते तत्सुतस्यार्तिस्तस्मिंस्तस्मिंस्तथेन्द्रिये ॥). | | | aṅghāri | अङ्घारि a. [ऋ-इण् पृषो] Ved. Of a bright or splendid form or nature (दीप्तिशील); an enemy to sin or evil (?). | | | aja | अज a. [न जायते; जन्-ड. न. त.] Unborn, existing from all eternity; यो मामजमनादिं च वेत्ति लोकमहेश्वरम् Bg.1. 3; अजस्य गृह्णतो जन्म R.1.24. -जः 1 The 'unborn', epithet of the Almighty Being; न हि जातो न जाये$हं न जनिष्ये कदाचन । क्षेत्रज्ञः सर्वभूतानां तस्मादहमजः स्मृतः ॥ Mb.; also a N. of Viṣṇu, Śiva or Brahmā. -2 The (individual) soul (जीवः) अजो नित्यः शाश्वतो$यं पुराणो न हन्यते हन्यमाने शरीरे Bg.2.2. -3 A ram, he-goat (अजेन ब्रह्मणा दक्षयज्ञभङ्गसमये मेषरूपग्रहणेन पलायमानत्वात् अजाधिष्ठितरूपवत्त्वात् मेषस्य उपचारात् अजत्वम् Tv.] -4 The sign Aries. -5 A sort of corn or grain; अजैर्यष्टव्यं तत्राजा व्रीहयः Pt.3. -6 Mover, leader (Ved.), said of Indra, Maruts, &c.; a drove. -7 N. of a mineral substance (माक्षिकधातु). -8 N. of the Moon or Kāmadeva (आत् विष्णोर्जायते इति; cf. चन्द्रमा मनसो जातः). -9 A vehicle of the sun. -1 N. of the father of Daśaratha and grand-father of Rāma; so called because he was born on the Brāhma Muhūrta. -11 N. of a Ṛiṣi. cf. अजो हरौ हरे कामे विधौ छागे रघोः सुते । Nm. -Comp. -अदः [अजम् अत्तीति; अद्-कर्मण्यण् P.III.2.9.] N. of the ancestor of a warrior tribe, P.IV.1.171. -अदनी [अजैः तृप्त्या अन्यैः दुःखस्पर्शत्वे$पि अद्यते; अद् कर्मणि ल्युट्] a kind of prickly nightshade, दुरालभा (Mar. धमासा). -अन्त्री [अजस्य अन्त्रमिव अन्त्रं तदाकारवती मञ्जरी यस्याः] N. of a pot-herb Convolvulus Argenteus, नीलबुह्ना. (Mar. शंखवेल ?) -अविकम् [अजाश्चावयश्च तेषां समाहारः द्वन्द्व] goats and sheep; small cattle; अजाविके तु संरुद्धे Ms.8.235. खरोष्ट्र- महिषीश्चैव यच्च किञ्चिदजाविकम् Mb.1.113.35. -अश्वम् goats and horses. (-श्वः) the Sun or Pūṣan, who has goats for the horses. -एकपाद्-दः [अजस्य छागस्य एकः पाद इव पादो यस्य] N. of one of the 11 Rudras, or of the asterism पूर्वाभाद्रपदा presided over by that deity. -एडकम् [अजाश्च एडकाश्च तेषां समाहारः] goats and rams. -कर्णः -कर्णकः [अजस्य कर्णं इव पर्णं यस्य-स्वार्थे कन्] N. of the plant असनवृक्ष Terminalia Alata Tomentosa; of another tree साल Shorea Robusta. -गन्धा [अजस्य गन्ध इव गन्धो यस्याः सा] the shrubby basil, वनयामानी. -गन्धिका a kind of वर्वरीशाक (Mar. तिलवणी, कानफोडी). -गन्धिनी = अजशृङ्गी q. v. -गरः [अजं छागं गिरति भक्षयति; गॄ-अच्] a huge serpent (boa-constrictor) who is said to swallow goats. (-री) N. of a plant. -गल See अजागल below. -गल्लिका [अजस्य गल्ल इव] an infantile disease (Mentagra). -जीवः, -जीविकः [अजैस्तच्चारणेन जीवति; अजा एव जीविका यस्य वा] a goat-herd; so -˚पः, -˚पालः. -दण्डी [अजस्य ब्रह्मणो दण्डो यस्याः सा] ब्रह्मदण्डी a kind of plant (ब्रह्मणो यज्ञार्थदण्डस्य तदीयकाष्ठेन करणात् तथात्वम्). -देवता 1 N. of the 25th asterism. पूर्वाभाद्रपदा. -2 fire, the presiding deity of goats (रौद्री धेनुर्विनिर्दिष्टा छाग आग्नेय उच्यते). -नामकः [अजः नाम यस्य सः कप्] a mineral substance. -नाशनः A wolf. -पतिः 1 the best of goats. -2 N. of Mars; lord of the sign Aries. -पथः = अजवीथिः q. v. -पदः, -पाद्-दः N. of a Rudra; See अजैकपाद above. -बन्धुः [अजस्य बन्धुरिव मूर्खत्वात्] a fool (silly like the goat). -भक्षः [अजैर्भक्ष्यते असौ भक्ष्-कर्मणि घञ्] N. of the वर्वरी plant (तिळवण the leaves of which are very dear to goats). -मायु a. Ved. bleating like a goat (a frog) गोमायुरेक अजमायुरेकः Rv.7. 13.6,1. -मारः [अजं मारयति विक्रयार्थं; मृ-णिच्-अण्] 1 a butcher. -2 N. of a country (the modern Ajmeer, which, it is supposed, formerly abounded in butchers). -3 N. of a tribe (गण). -मीढः [अजो मीढो यज्ञे सिक्तो यत्र ब.] 1 N. of the place called Ajmeer. -2 N. of the eldest son of Hasti, born in the family of Puru, son of Yayāti. -3 N. of a son of सुहोत्र and author of some Vedic hyms like Rv.4.43. -4 surname of Yudhisṭhira. -मुख a. goat-faced. (खः) N. of a Prajāpati (Dakṣa). When Dakṣa reviled Śiva at his sacrificial session, Vīrabhadra pulled out his face, and afterwards at the request of Śiva himself he put up a goat's face in place of the original human one. (-खी) N. of a Rākṣasī kept to watch over Sītā in the Aśoka garden at Laṅkā. -मोदा, -मोदिका [अजस्य मोद इव मोदो गन्धो यस्याः, अजं मोदयतीति वा] N. of a very useful medicinal plant, Common Carroway; the species called Apium Involucratum or Ligusticum Ajowan (Mar. ओंवा). अजमोदां च बाह्लीकं जीरकं लोध्रकं तथा । _x001F_+Śiva. B.3.18 -लम्बनम् [अज इव लम्ब्यते गृह्यते कृष्णवर्णत्वात् कर्मणि ल्युट्] antimony. (Mar. सुरमा). -लोमन्, -लोमी -मा [अजस्य लोमेव लोममञ्जरी यस्य-स्याः वा] cowage, Carpopogon Pruriens (Mar. कुहिली). -वस्तिः [अजस्य वस्तिरिव वस्ति- र्यस्य] N. of a sage, or of a tribe sprung from him. -वीथिः -थी f. [अजेन ब्रह्मणा निर्मिता वीथिः शाक त.] 1 one of the three divisions of the southern path comprehending the three asterisms मूल, पूर्वाषाढा and उत्तराषाढा; a sort of heavenly passage (गगनसेतु, यमनाला); पितृयानो$- जवीथ्याश्च यदगस्त्यस्य चान्तरम् Y.3.184. -2 goat's path. -शृङ्गी [अजस्य मेषस्य शृङ्गमिव फलं यस्याः सा] N. of a plant, विषाणी or Odina Wodier, highly medicinal, (Mar. मेंढशिंगी), See मेषशृङ्गी. | | | atisnehaḥ | अतिस्नेहः Over-affection, ˚हः कार्यदर्शी V.2 sees or finds what is to be done; ˚हः पापशङ्की Ś.4 is apt to suspect evil. | | | atyayaḥ | अत्ययः [इ-अच्] 1 (a) passing away, lapse; काल˚ आधिश्चोपनिधिश्चोभौ न कालात्ययमर्हतः Ms.8.145. (b) End, conclusion, termination, absence, disappearance; तपात्यये Ku.4.44.5.23; शिशिरात्ययस्य पुष्पोच्चयः 3.61; आतप˚ R.1.52. -2 Complete disappearance, death, destruction, passing away, perishing; पितुरत्ययात् Dk.64. -3 Danger, risk, harm, injury, evil; जीवितात्ययमापन्नः Ms. 1.14 the life being in danger or jeopardy; प्राणानामेव चात्यये 5.27; प्राणात्यये च संप्राप्ते Y.1.179, Ms.6.68,8:69; पुत्रदारात्ययं प्राप्तः 1.99 (Kull. क्षुदवसन्नपुत्रकलत्रः). -4 Suffering, misery, difficulty, distress. -5 Guilt, fault, offence, transgression; क्षत्रियस्यात्यये दण्डो भागाद्दशगुणो भवेत Ms.8.243; दाप्यो$ष्टगुणमत्ययं 8.4 should be made to pay as a fine for his offence. -6 Attack, assault साहसस्तेयपारुष्यगो$भिशापात्यये Y.2.12. -7 Overcoming, mastering mentally, comprehending; बुद्धिश्च ते लोकैरपि दुरत्यया Rām. -8 Overstepping; क्षुरस्य धारा निशिता दुरत्यया Kena. Up. -9 A class kind. cf. अशुभे चापदि स्मृतः । अत्ययो$ तिक्रमे कृच्छ्रे दोषे दण्डविनाशयोः । Nm. | | | atyaṃhas | अत्यंहस् a. Ved. Emancipated from sin or evil. | | | atyāhitam | अत्याहितम् [आधा-आधारे क्त, अत्यन्तमाधीयते तन्निवारणार्थं मनो दीयते यस्मिन् Tv.] A great calamity, danger or evil, misfortune, mishap, accident; न किमण्यत्याहितं Ś.1. किम् अत्याहितं सीतादेव्याः; -न केवलं ˚तं सापवादमपि U.2; मया ˚तमुपलब्धं V.4; किमिदमुच्चैरत्याहितम् Mv.6; श्रुतमत्याहितम् M.4 evil or evil news; oft. as an exclamation, 'Ah, me !' 'alas ! alas !', 'how bad it is !' Māl. 3,7; V.5. -2 A rash or daring deed (जीवानपेक्षि कर्म); अत्याहितं किमपि राक्षसकर्म कुर्यात् Mv.4.49. rash and demoniacal deed; पाण्डुपुत्रैर्न किमप्यत्याहितमाचेष्टितं भवेत् Ve.2. -3 Great fear; अराजके धनं नास्ति नास्ति भार्याप्यराजके । इदमत्याहितं चान्यत्कुतः सत्यमराजके ॥ Rām.2.67.11 cf. अत्याहितं महाभीतौ कर्म जीवानपेक्षि च Nm. | | | atharvan | अथर्वन् m. [अथ-ऋ-वनिप् शकन्ध्वादि˚ Tv.; probably connected with some word like athar fire] 1 A priest who has to worship fire and Soma. -2 A Brāhmaṇa. -3 N. of the priest who is said to have first brought down fire from the heaven, offered Soma and recited prayers. [He is represented as the eldest son of Brahmā sprung from his mouth; as a Prajāpati appointed by Brahmā to create and protect sub-ordinate beings, who first learnt from Brahmā and then taught the Brahmavidyā and is considered to be the author of the Veda called after him. His wife was Śānti, daughter of Kardama Prajāpati. He had also another wife called Chitti; he is also considered identical with Aṅgiras and father of Agni.] -4 Epithet of Śiva, Vasiṣṭha. वृतपदपङ्क्तिरथर्वणेव वेदः Kir. 1.1. -(pl.) Descendants of Atharvan; hymns of this Veda; जिष्णुं जैत्रैरथर्वभिः R.17.13. -र्वा-र्व m. n., ˚वेदः The Atharvaveda, regarded as the fourth Veda. [It contains many forms of imprecations for the destruction of enemies and also contains a great number of prayers for safety and averting mishaps, evils, sins or calamities, and a number of hymns, as in the other Vedas, addressed to the gods with prayers to be used at religious and solemn rites; cf. Mv.2.24. मूर्तिमभिरामघोरां बिभ्रदिवाथर्वणो निगमः. It has nine Śākhās and five Kalpas, and is comprised in 2 Kāṇḍas. The most important Brāhmaṇa belonging to this Veda is the Gopatha Brāhmaṇa, and the Upaniṣads pertaining to it are stated to be 52, or, according to another account 31.] [cf. Zend atharvan, Pers. áturbán.] -Comp. -अधिपः N. of बुध Mercury (सामवेदाधिपो भौमः शशिजो$- थर्ववेदराट्). -निधिः, -विढ् m. receptacle of the (knowledge of) Atharvaveda, or conversant with it; गुरुणा- $थर्वविदा कृतक्रियः R.8.4.1.59; (अथर्वविधिपदेन दुरितोपशमन- निमित्तशान्तिकपौष्टिकप्रवीणत्वं पौरोहित्यो चितत्वं द्योत्यते Malli.) -भूताः (pl.) those who have become Atharvans, Names of the 12 Maharṣis. -शिखा, -शिरस् n. (अथर्वणो वेदस्य शिखा शिर इव वा ब्रह्मविद्याप्रतिपादकत्वेन श्रेष्ठत्वात्) N. of an Upaniṣad dealing with Brahmavidyā. अथर्वशिरसो$ध्येता ब्रह्मचारी यतव्रतः Mb.13.9.29. -संहिता A text of collection of hymns of अथर्ववेद. अथर्वसंहितायाजी विदधे विधिवद्धुतम् Bm.1.869. | | | aduḥkha | अदुःख a. [न. ब.] Free from evil, propitious. -Comp. -नवमी the propitious 9th day in the bright half of भाद्रपद when women worship Devī to avert evil for the ensuing year. | | | aducchuna | अदुच्छुन a. Ved. Free from evil, propitious. पवमानस्य ते रसो मदो राजन्नदुच्छुनः Rv.9.61.17. | | | adṛṣṭiḥ | अदृष्टिः f. [विरुद्धा दृष्टिः] 1 An evil or malicious eye, evil look, an angry or envious look. -2 Not being seen. -a. [न. ब.] Blind, sightless. | | | anayaḥ | अनयः [अप्रशस्तो नयः] 1 Bad management or conduct; injustice; unfairness; समृद्धिरनयाद्विनश्यति Pt.1.169; Bh. 2.42. -2 Bad policy or course of conduct, evil course; अनयो नयसंकाशो हृदयान्नापसर्पति Pt.3.184. -3 Adversity, calamity, distress; जीवेदेतेन राजन्यः सर्वेष्वप्यनयं गतः Ms.1.95 reduced to straits; 12. -4 [अयः शुभावहो विधिस्तदन्यः अनयः] Misfortune, adversity; ill-luck. cf. अनयो व्यसने दैवे चाशुभे चापदि स्मृतः । Nm. -5 A variety of dice-play, gambling पतञ्जलि on P.V.2.9. शाणा वामवर्तेन अभीष्टस्थाननयनम् -6 A deceit, fraud; एवं चेदुपसर्पेतामनयं रामलक्ष्मणौ Rām.6.8.18. | | | anartha | अनर्थ a. [न. ब.] 1 Useless, worthless; शुनः पुच्छमिवानर्थं पाण्डित्यं धर्मवर्जितम् Pt.3.97. -2 Unfortunate, unhappy. -3 Harmful, disastrous, bad; चित्तज्ञानानुवर्तिनो$नर्था अपि प्रियाः स्युः Dk.16; wicked (opp. दक्षिण). -4 Not having that meaning (but another); having no meaning, nonsensical, meaningless. -5 Poor. -र्थः [न. त.] 1 Nonuse or value. -2 A worthless or useless object. -3 A reverse, evil, calamity, misfortune; R.18.14; रन्ध्रोपनिपातिनो$नर्थाः Ś.6; एकैकमप्यनर्थाय किमु यत्र चतुष्टयम् H.1; cf. छिद्रेष्वनर्था बहुलीभवन्ति &c.; Ms.4.193, H.4.92; harmful object, danger; अर्थमनर्थं भावय नित्यम् Moha. M.2. -4 Nonsense, want of sense. -5 N. of Viṣṇu (आप्तसर्व- कामत्वात्तस्य तथात्वम्). -Comp. -अन्तरम् [न अर्थान्तरम्] sameness or identity. cf. आरम्भो व्यापारः क्रियेत्यनर्थान्तरम् ŚB. on MS.11.1.1. -कर a. (-री f.) 1 doing useless or unprofitable things. -2 mischievous, harmful; unprofitable, productive of evil. -नाशिन् m. N. of Śiva (destroyer of calamities). -भाव a malicious. -लुप्त a. [दृष्टार्थेन अलुप्तः] not devoid of the apparent meaning; free from all that is worthless. -संशयः [अनर्थकारी संशयः शाक. त.] 1 a great evil, hazardous adventure; प्रतिनिवर्त- तामस्मादनर्थसंशयात् Māl.5.2. [न. त.] not a risk of one's money; safety of one's wealth, अनर्थ्य anarthya अनर्थक anarthaka अनर्थ्य अनर्थक a. 1 Useless; meaningless; सर्वमप्ये- तदनर्थकम् Ve.1; ˚आयास K.18; not significant, as a particle used expletively. -2 Nonsensical. -3 Unprofitable. -4 Unfortunate. -कम् Nonsensical or incoherent talk. | | | anāgata | अनागत a. [न आगतः, न. त.] 1 Not come or arrived; तावद्भयस्य भेतव्यं यावद्भयमनागतम् H.1.54. -2 Not got or obtained; वर्धिष्णुमाश्रयमनागतमभ्युपैति Śi.5.14; so ˚आर्तव. -3 Future, to come; see compounds below. -4 Not learnt or attained, unknown. -तम् The future time, future; ˚तं यः कुरुते स शोभते Pt.3.164 he shines (thrives, prospers) who provides for the future; अनागतवतीं चिन्तामसंभाव्यां करोति यः Pt.5.17. -Comp. -अवेक्षणम् looking to the future, provident thought, foresight. -आबाधः [अनागतः आबाधः दुःखम्] future (physical) trouble or calamities, illness &c. affecting the body in times to come; ˚प्रतिषेधनीयम् N. of chapter 24 of the चिकित्सास्थान in Suśruta. -आर्तवा [स्त्रीपुष्पविकासनम् आर्तवम्, न आगतमार्तवं यस्याः] a maiden who has not yet arrived at puberty. -विधातृ m. [अनागतम् उद्दिश्य विदधाति] one who provides for the future, provident, prudent (used as the name of a fish in Pt.1.138; H.4.6); अनागत- विधाता च प्रत्युत्पन्नमतिस्तथा । द्वावेतौ सुखमेधेते यद्भविष्यो विनश्यति ॥ (where Dr. Peterson translates the three names by 'Mr. Provider-against-a-future-evil', 'Mr. Cool-head', and 'Mr. what-will-be-will-be'). | | | aniṣṭa | अनिष्ट a. 1 Unwished, undesirable; unfavourable, disagreeable, ill (with gen.); ध्यायत्यनिष्टं यत्किञ्चित्पाणिग्राहस्य चेतसा Ms.9.21 whatever ill she thinks of her husband. -2 Evil, forbidden. -3 Bad, unlucky, ominous. -4 Not honoured with a sacrifice. -ष्टम् An evil, mishap, misfortune, calamity, disadvantage; a crime, offence, wrong, unwelcome thing; ˚एकबुद्धि Māl.8.12; भवत्यनिष्टादपि नाम दुःसहान्मनस्विनीनां प्रतिपत्तिरीदृशी Ku.5.42; ill-omen; प्रातरेव ˚दर्शनं जातम् H.1. -Comp. -अनुबन्धिन् a. followed by or attended with calamities; विषयोपभोगेषु ˚बन्धिषु यः सुखपुद्धिमारो- पयति K.155. -आपत्तिः f., -आपादनम् getting what is not desired, an undesired occurrence. -आशंसिन् a. (˚सूचक) indicating or boding ill. -ग्रहः an evil or malignant planet. -दुष्टधी a. having an evil and corrupt mind. -प्रसङ्गः 1 an undesired occurrence. -2 connection with a wrong object, argument or rule. -फलम् an evil result. -शङ्का fear of evil. -हेतुः an evil omen. | | | anubandhaḥ | अनुबन्धः 1 Binding or fastening on, connection, attachment, tie (lit. & fig.); यस्यां मनश्चक्षुषोरनुबन्धस्तस्या- मृद्धिः Māl.2; एतस्येदृशेन दर्शनेन कीदृशो मे हृदयानुबन्धः इति न जानासि U.3 state of feeling; K.257. -2 Uninterrupted succession, unbroken sequence, continuous flow, continuity; series, chain; बाष्पं कुसु स्थिरतया विरतानुबन्धम् Ś.4. 15; मरण˚ K.236 following up death, desire for dying; अनुबन्धाद्विरमेद्वा K.28; यदा नात्याक्षीदेवानुबन्धम् 39 (persistence in) following me, 317; वैर˚, मत्सर˚, Dk.63,161; मुच्यतां देवि शोकानुबन्धः K.63 continuous sorrow; दुर्लभजन- प्रार्थना˚ Ratn.1; विरम विरम वह्ने मुञ्च धूमानुबन्धम् 4.16; सानु- बन्धाः कथं न स्युः संपदो मे निरापदः R.1.64 continuous, uninterrupted; परिवृद्धरीगमनुबन्धसेवया R.9.69 continuous enjoyment; अयं सो$र्थो$नर्थानुबन्धः संवृत्तः V.5 giving rise to a chain of evils. -3 Descendants, posterity; सानुबन्धा हता ह्यसि Rām. relation, भूमेः सुतां भूमिभृतो$नुबन्धात् Viś. Guṇā.475. -4 Consequence, result (good or bad); आत्मदोषानुबन्धेन K.319 in consequence of; यदग्रे चानुबन्धे च सुखम् Bg.18.39,25; अनुबन्धमजानन्तः कर्मणामविचक्षणाः Rām. 3.51.26; नार्थानां प्रकृतिं वेत्सि नानुबन्धमवेक्षसे Mb.4.49.1. -5 Intention; design, motive, cause; अनुबन्धानपेक्षेत सानु- बन्धेषु कर्मसु Mb.5.34.8. अनुबन्धं परिज्ञाय देशकालौ च तत्त्वतः । सारापराधौ चालोक्य दण्ड दण्डयेषु पातयेत् Ms.8.126; पाप˚ of evil designs. -6 An adjunct of a thing, a secondary member (मुख्यानुयायि, अप्रधानम्); (उल्का) दृश्यते सानुबन्धा च Rām.5.1.63. a secondary symptom, symptomatic affection, attendant on the principal disease (वातपित्तादि- दोषाणामप्राधान्यम्); मूर्छानुबन्धा विषमज्वराः Suśr. -7 Connecting link or adjunct of a subject or topic; theme, matter of discussion; introductory reasons; (विषयप्रयोजनाधिकारि- संबन्धः अनुबन्धः) (an indispensable element of the Vedānta). -8 (Gram.) An indicatory syllable or letter intended to denote some peculiarity in the inflection, accent &c. of the word to which it is attached; as the लृ in गम्लृ, ण् in इण्; रिपुराप पराभवाय मध्यं प्रकृति- प्रत्यययोरिवानुबन्धः Ki.13.19. -9 Offence, fault. -1 An obstacle, impediment; also the clog or encumbrance of a family; domestic ties or attachment. -11 A child or pupil who follows the example set by his parent or teacher (मुख्यानुयायी शिशुः). -12 Beginning, commencement. -13 Repeated application or devotion (पौनःपुन्येन अभिनिवेशः). -14 Course, pursuit. -15 A small bit or part, a trifle. -16 The junction of a fraction (with an integer), as भागानुबन्धपूर्णाङ्कः. -17 Base, stem (प्रकृति). cf. अनुबन्धः प्रकृत्यादौ दोषोत्पादे विनश्वरे । मुख्यानुयायिनि शिशौ प्रकृतस्यानुवर्तने । अनुबन्धे$पि हिक्कायां भ्रष्टायामपि कथ्यते । Nm. -धी [अनुबध्यते अतिश्वासेन व्याप्रियते अनया] 1 Thirst. -2 Hickup. अनुबन्धी तु हिक्कायां तृष्णायामपि योषिति-Medinī. | | | anuvādaḥ | अनुवादः 1 Repetition (in general); गुण˚ K.26. -2 Repetition by way of explanation, illustration or corroboration; अनुवादे चरणानाम् P.II.4.3. (सिद्धस्योपन्यासे Sk.) -3 Explanatory repetition or reference to what is already mentioned, such as paraphrase or free translation; particularly, any portion of the Brāhmaṇas which comments on, illustrates, or explains a Vidhi or direction previously laid down and which does not itself lay down any directions; a supplementary repetition, opp. to विधि 'authoritative or direct injunction'; विधिविहितस्य अनुवचनमनुवादः । नानुवादपुनरुक्तयोः विशेषः शब्दाभ्या- सोपपत्तेः Nyāya sūtra; cf. also विध्यनुवादयोर्विधिर्ज्यायान्, अपू- र्वार्थप्रकल्पत्वादिति ŚB. on MS.1.6.3. It is of 3 kinds:- भूतार्थ˚ (सदेव सौम्येदमग्र आसीत्); स्तुत्यर्थ˚ (वायुर्वै क्षेपिष्ठा देवता) and गुण˚ (अग्निहोत्रं जुहोति इत्युक्ते दध्ना जुहोति इति गुणविधानात्); see अर्थवाद also. -4 Corroboration, confirmation. -5 Slander, abuse, reviling. -6 Advertisement, notice; report, rumour. -7 Commencement of speech (वाचारम्भणमात्रम्). | | | anuśaraḥ | अनुशरः [अनु-शृणाति. शॄ-अच्] A sort of evil-spirit, Rāksasa. | | | anyāya | अन्याय a. [न. ब.] Unjust, improper; ˚दण्डः unjust punishment; -यः 1 Any unjust or unlawful action; see न्यायः; नरेष्वन्यायवर्तिषु Ms.7.16 acting unjustly, following evil courses; अन्यायेन unjustly, improperly; नापृष्टः कस्यचिद् ब्रूयान्न चान्यायेन पृच्छतः Ms.2.11. -2 Injustice, impropriety. -3 Irregularity, disorder. | | | apakarman | अपकर्मन् a. [बहु. स.] Of bad or degraded actions, corrupted, depraved. -n (˚र्म) 1 Discharge, paying off (of a debt); दत्तस्यानपकर्म च Ms.8.4. -2 An improper or unworthy act; evil doing, conduct, or course; any degrading or impure act. -3 Wickedness, violence, oppression. -4 Incompetence, laziness. | | | apakāraka | अपकारक कारिन् a. Injuring, doing harm or wrong to, mischievous, offending, harmful, hurtful, injurious; मूषिका गृहजातापि हन्तव्या सापकारिणी Pt.1.95, Śi.2.37. -कः, -री An evil-doer (opp. उपकारी), enemy; अपकारिषु यः साधुः स साधुः सद्भिरुच्यते H.1; अन्˚ harmless, not harmful. | | | apakrośaḥ | अपक्रोशः Abuse, reviling; न तु शक्यमपक्रोशं पृथिव्यां दातुमात्मनः Rām.3.56.22. | | | apagaraḥ | अपगरः [अप-निन्दार्थे गृ भावे अप्] 1 Censure, reviling (निन्दा); अभिगरापगरौ Kāty. -2 one who reviles or says what is disagreeable, reviler. | | | apagur | अपगुर् 6 A. 1 To disapprove, reject. -2 To threaten, menace; revile, censure, reproach, rail at; इन्द्रो अपगूर्या जघान Rv.5.32.6. -3 To deprive of. | | | apaghātaḥ | अपघातः 1 Striking or cutting off, warding off, preventing; वात्सल्यात्सर्वभूतेभ्यो वाच्याः श्रोत्रसुखा गिरः । परिता- पो$पघातश्च पारुष्यं चात्र गर्हितम् ॥ Mb.12.191.14. -2 Killing. -3 A violent death, any evil accident proving fatal. | | | apatha | अपथ a. [नास्ति पन्था यत्र] Pathless, roadless; ˚थो देशः, ˚था नगरी &c. -थम्, -थः (also अपन्थाः P.V.4.72, II.4.3) 1 Not a way, absence of a way or road, pathless state; a bad or wrong road (lit.); अपन्थानं तु गच्छन्तं सोदरो$पि विमुच्चति Rām. (fig.) irregularity, deviation, a moral irregularity or deviation, a wrong road, bad or evil course; अपथे पदमर्पयन्ति हि श्रुत- वन्तो$पि रजोनिमीलिताः R.9.74;17.54; न कश्चिद्वर्णानामपथम- पकृष्टो$पि भजते Ś.5.1 follows evil ways; कारितस्त्वमपथे पदं मया Ki.13.45,64. -2 Heresy, heterodoxy (in opinions). -3 The vulva. -था Name of several plants. -थम् ind. By or in the wrong way, astray; अपथं वर्तते Sk. -Comp. -गामिन् a. pursuing evil courses; heretical. -प्रपन्न a. taking to evil ways (as man); spent or used out of place, misapplied, misspent (as money &c.); यः काकि- नीमप्यपथप्रपन्नां समुद्धरेन्निष्कसहस्रतुल्याम् H.3.116. | | | apadānam | अपदानम् दानकम् [अपदायति परिशुध्यति येन कर्मणा, दै करणे ल्युट्] 1 Pure conduct, approved course of life; (परिशु- द्धाचरणम्). -2 A great or noble work, excellent work दृष्टापदाना विक्रान्तास्त्वया सत्कृत्य मानिताः Rām.2.1.31. (perhaps for अवदानम् q. v.). -3 A work well or completely done, an accomplished work; कथितेषु जनैरमुष्य राजन् अपदानेषु विशिष्य कौतुकं नः Rām. ch.2.18. -4 A legend treating of former and future births of men and exhibiting the consequences of their good and evil actions. | | | apadevatā | अपदेवता A goblin, evil spirit. | | | apadhyai | अपध्यै 1 P. To think ill of, have evil thoughts about, curse mentally; अपध्याता च विप्रेण न्यपतद्धरणीतले Mb. | | | apadhvaṃs | अपध्वंस् 1 A (rarely P.) 1 To pack off, clear out; अपध्वंसेति बहुशो वदन् क्रोधसमन्वितः Hariv. आः अपध्वंस Dūtavākya 1. -2 To abuse, revile, scold; न चाप्यन्यमपध्वंसेत्क- दाचित्कोपसंयुतः Mb. -Caus. To free from dust; blow away (as dust &c.). | | | apadhvasta | अपध्वस्त p. p. 1 Reviled, cursed, accursed, contemptible, to be disdained. अपध्वस्ता दस्युभूता भवन्ति ये ब्राह्मणान्क्षत्रियाः सन्त्यजन्ति Mb.12.73.1. -2 Pounded badly or imperfectly (अवचूर्णित). -3 Abandoned. शरैरपध्वस्त- विनीतवेषम् Rām.7.8.5. -स्तः A vile wretch, lost to all sense of right and virtue; मूर्ख अपध्वस्तो$सि Mk.8. cf. अपध्वस्तः परित्यक्ते निन्दितेष्वथ चूर्णिते । Medinī. | | | apaproṣitam | अपप्रोषितम् Ved. Fault or evil caused by wrong departure (प्रवासदोष.) | | | apabhāṣa | अपभाष 1 A. To abuse, revile, defame, libel; न केवलं यो महतो$पभाषते शृणोति तस्मादपि यः स पापभाक् Ku.5.83. | | | apabhāṣaṇam | अपभाषणम् Reviling, defamation, libel, calumny, vituperation. | | | apavad | अपवद् 1 U. 1 To revile, abuse, censure, reproach; परानमी यदपवदन्त आत्मनः Śi.17.19; नार्तो$प्यपवदेद्विप्रान् Ms. 4.236; स्वं पुत्रं अपवदति-ते वा P.I.3.77. Sk. (क्रियाफलस्य कर्तृगामित्वे द्योतिते वा स्यात्); नृभ्यो$पवदमानस्य Bk.8.45 reviling or abusing men. -2 To disown, deny (A.); न्याय- मपवदते P.I.3.73 Sk. -3 To argue out, refute, contradict; अपवदेयुस्तानितिहासैः पुरातनैः Y.3.7. -Caus. 1 To blame, censure. -2 To oppose or contradict as unadvisable. | | | apavādaḥ | अपवादः 1 Censuring, reviling; censure, reproach, blame, abuse; आः तातापवादभिन्नमर्याद U.5; लोकापवादो बल- वान्मतो मे R.14.4; लोकापवादाद्भयम् Bh.2.62; scandal, evil report; चिरकालान्मया श्रुतस्तवापवादः Pt.I; Ki.11.25, 14.12; Mk.9.3; U.1; Pt.4; Y.2.27; देव्यामपि हि वैदेह्यां सापवादो यतो जनः U.1.6 spreading or indulging in scandals about; न केवलमत्याहितं सापवादमपि U.2; साप- वादम् censuringly Māl.9. -2 An exception, a special rule that restricts or sets aside a general rule (opp. उत्सर्ग); मा हिंस्यात्सर्वभूतानि इति उत्सर्गः; वायव्यं श्वेतमालभेत इत्यपवादः; अपवादैरिवोत्सर्गाः कृतव्यावृत्तयः परैः Ku.2.27; R. 15.7; ˚प्रत्ययः exceptional suffix; ˚स्थलम् a case for a special rule. -3 An order, command; ततो$पवादेन पताकिनीपते- श्चचाल निर्ह्रादवती महाचमूः Ki.14.27. cf. ... अपवादस्तु निन्दने । आज्ञायां स्यात् ... । Nm. -4 Refutation; (in Vedānta Phil.) refutation as of a wrong imputation or belief; रज्जुविव- र्तस्य सर्पस्य रज्जुमात्रत्ववत्, वस्तुभूतब्रह्मणो विवर्तस्य प्रपञ्चादेः वस्तु- भूतरूपतो$पदेशः अपवादः Tv.; अध्यारोपापवादाभ्यां वस्तुतत्त्वविनिश्चयः Vedānta; hence also, a means of refutation. -5 Confidence, trust. -6 Love; familiarity. -7 A small bell or other instrument sounded to decoy deer; मधुकरैरपवाद- करैरिव Śi.6.9; (˚करैः = व्याधैः; अपवादं मृगवञ्चनाय घण्टादि- कुत्सितवाद्यं कुर्वन्ति तैः Malli.) अपवादक apavādaka अपवादिन् apavādin अपवादक अपवादिन् a. 1 Blaming, censuring, reviling, traducing, defaming; मृगयापवादिना माढव्येन Ś.2. -2 Opposing; contradicting, excepting, setting aside, excluding. | | | apāpa | अपाप पिन् a. Sinless, guiltless, pure, virtuous; अपापानां कुले जाते मयि पापं न विद्यते । यदि संभाव्यते पापमपापेन च किं मया ॥ Mk.9.37. -Comp. -काशिन् a. 1 not ill-looking. -2 not revealing evil. -वस्यसम् Ved. wellbeing, welfare, sound health, prosperity. -विद्ध a. Not afflicted with evil; शुद्धमपापविद्धम् (ब्रह्मन्) Vāj.4.8. | | | apāmārjanam | अपामार्जनम् Cleansing, purifying, removing (diseases, evils &c). | | | apāyaḥ | अपायः [इ-अच्] 1 Going away, departure. -2 Separation; ध्रुवमपाये$पादानम् P.I.4.24. (अपायो विश्लेषः Sk.); येन जातं प्रियापाये कद्वदं हंसकोकिलम् Bk.6.75. -3 Disappearance, vanishing, absence; सूर्यापाये Me.82 at the time of sunset; क्षणदापायशशाङ्कदर्शनः R.8.74 close of night; जलापाय- विपाण़्डुराणि Śi.4.5;4.54;18.1. -4 Destruction, loss, death, annihilation; करणापायविभिन्नवर्णया R.8.42 loss, 83; मालत्यपायमधिगम्य Māl.1.9 death or disappearance of M. -5 An evil, ill, misfortune, risk, calamity, danger (oft. opp. उपाय); तदपि मरणापायचकितः Bh.3.9; तदनेन पापबुद्धिनोपायश्चिन्तितो नापायः Pt.1 not the danger (resulting from the plan); उपायं चिन्तयेत्प्राज्ञस्तथापायं च चिन्तयेत् Pt.1.46; अपायसंदर्शनजां विपत्तिमुपायसंदर्शनजां च सिद्धिप् 1.61; बह्वपाये वने Pt.1 exposed to many dangers, dangerous; कायः संनिहितापायः H.4.65 exposed to dangers or calamities; सत्ये$प्यपायमपेक्षते H.4.12; Ki.14.19. -6 Loss, detriment, injury. -7 The end (of a word). | | | aprasāha | अप्रसाह a. Not being affected by evils or ill omens; Ch. Up. | | | abhadra | अभद्र a. Inauspicious, bad, evil, ill, wicked. -द्रम् 1 Evil, sin, wickedness. -2 Sorrow. | | | abhikrośaḥ | अभिक्रोशः 1 Calling out, crying. -2 Reviling, censure. | | | abhikrośakaḥ | अभिक्रोशकः 1 one who calls out; a reviler, calumniator. -2 A herald. | | | abhigharṣaṇam | अभिघर्षणम् 1 Rubbing, friction. -2 Possession by an evil spirit. अभिघात abhighāta घातक ghātaka तकिन् takin अभिघात घातक तकिन् &c. See under अभिहन्. | | | abhicāraka | अभिचारक चारिन् (˚रिकी, ˚रिणी f.) a. Conjuring, enchanting, using magical spells for evil purposes; magical. Ki.3.56. -कः, -री A conjurer, magician. | | | abhidharṣaṇam | अभिधर्षणम् 1 Possession by evil spirits, demons &c. -2 Oppressing. -3 Striking against. | | | abhidhyānam | अभिध्यानम् Desiring or longing for, coveting; a wish or desire; परद्रव्येष्वभिध्यानम् Ms.12.5. -2 Meditation, profound thought. -3 Anxiety; अभिध्या$प्रख्यता चैव सर्वं लोभात्प्रवर्तते Mb.12.158.5. -4 Censure, reviling; सो$भिध्यानाद् ब्राह्मणस्य पराभूयादसंशयम् Mb.12.327.51. | | | abhiśastiḥ | अभिशस्तिः f. 1 A curse. -2 Effect of an imprecation, misfortune, evil, calamity. -3 Censure, calumny, abuse, defamation, charge, insult. -4 Asking, begging. -5 What curses or injures; the cause or source of injury. | | | abhiṣakta | अभिषक्त a. 1 Possessed by evil spirits. -2 Humiliated, defeated. -3 Reviled, cursed; Mb. | | | abhiṣaṅgaḥ | अभिषङ्गः (also अभिसङ्गः) 1 Complete contact or union; attachment, connection, association; कन्यका दुन्वन्ति हृदयं मनुष्याणामीदृशाद् दुरभिसङ्गात् Māl.7 ill attachment or union; Māl 8; मुहुरिति वनविभ्रमाभिषङ्गात् Śi.7.68; K.146,29. -2 Defeat, mortification, discomfiture; जाताभिषङ्गे नृपतिः R.2.3. -3 A sudden blow, shock or grief, a sudden calamity or misfortune, unexpected reverse; ततो$भिषङ्गानिलविप्रविद्धा R.14.54,77; Ku.3.73; ˚जडं विजज्ञिवान् R.8.75. -4 Possession by devils or evil spirits; अभिघाताभिषङ्गाभ्यामभिचाराभिशापतः Mādh. N. -5 An oath. -6 Embracing; copulation. -7 A curse or imprecation, abuse. -8 A false charge or accusation, calumny or defamation. -9 Contempt, disrespect. -1 The state of being disturbed in mind; उच्चारितं मे मनसो$भिषङ्गात् Mb.5.3.1. cf. अभिषङ्गस्तु शपथे शापे सङ्गे पराभवे Nm. -Comp. -ज्वरः fever caused by the action of evil spirits. | | | abhyāpātaḥ | अभ्यापातः A calamity, misfortune, evil. अभ्यामर्दः abhyāmardḥ मर्दनम् mardanam अभ्यामर्दः मर्दनम् War, battle, conflict, attack. | | | amaṅgala | अमङ्गल ल्य a. 1 Inauspicious, evil, ill; R.12.43; ˚अभ्यासरतिम् Ku.5.65; अमङ्गल्यं शीलं तव भवतु नामैकमखिलम् Puṣpadanta. -2 Unlucky, unfortune. -लः The castor-oil tree (एरण्ड). -लम् Inauspiciousness, ill-luck; evil; oft. used in dramatic literature; शान्तं पापं प्रतिहतम- मङ्गलम्; cf. God forbid. | | | amithita | अमिथित a. Ved. Not reviled, not provoked; को नु मर्या अमिथितः सखा सखायमब्रवीत् Rv.8.45.37. | | | amucī | अमुची f. Ved. Not unbinding, not setting at liberty (said of an evil spirit). | | | ayātu | अयातु a. Ved. Not demoniacal; free from evil spirits. -तुः Not a demon, not an evil spirit, not destructive. ह्वयामि देवाँ अयातुरग्ने Rv.7.34.8. | | | arakṣas | अरक्षस् a. 1 Not disturbed by evil spirits. -2 Harmless, honest. | | | arātiḥ | अरातिः [न राति ददाति सुखं, रा-क, न. त.] 1 An enemy, foe; देशः सो$यमरातिशोणितजलैर्यस्मिन् ह्रदाः पूरिताः Ve.3.33; अरातिं बह्वमन्यत R.12.89. (in the Veda) non-offering (of sacrifices), stinginess, hardness, malignity, malevolence, failure or adversity; malignity personified; evil spirit whose aim it was to defeat the good intentions and disturb the happiness of man (used in f.). -2 The number six. -3 The sixth position in (astronomy). -Comp. -दूषण, -दूषि, -ह a. Ved/ destroying adversities or enemies; Av.19.34.4. -भङ्गः destruction of enemies. | | | arāya | अराय a. [नास्ति रा धनं यस्य वेदे षच्समासः] 1 Devoid of wealth, without sacrificial gifts. -2 Stingy, niggardly. -यः, -यी Any malignant or evil spirit; अरायि काणे विकटे Rv.1.155.1. | | | arāvan | अरावन् a. Ved. Not offering, malignant, epithet of evil spirits. अपघ्नन्तो अराव्णः Rv.9.13.9. यो अस्मभ्यमरावा Rv.9.21.5. | | | ariṣṭa | अरिष्ट a. 1 Unhurt; perfect, complete; imperishable, undecaying, secure, safe; अरिष्टं गज्छ पन्थानम् Rām.1.24. 3; अरिष्टं मार्गमातिष्ठत् पुण्यं वा तु निषेवितम् Rām. -2 Auspicious, अक्षताभ्यामरिष्टाभ्यां हतः कर्णो महारथः Mb.8.66.2. -3 unauspicious; अरिष्टमैन्द्रं निशितम् Rām.6.67.164. -ष्टः 1 A heron (कङ्क). -2 A raven, crow. -3 An enemy; अरिष्टस्त्वाष्ट्रस्य Mv.4.18. -4 N. of various plants :-- (a) the soap-berry tree (Mar. रिठा); कुतपानामरिष्टकैः (शुद्धिः) Ms. 5.12. (b) another plant (Mar. निंब) Rām.2.94.9. Bhāg.8.2.12. -5 Garlic. -6 A distilled mixture. -7 N. of a demon killed by Kṛiṣṇa; a son of Bali. -ष्टा 1 A bandage. -2 N. of a medical plant (कटुका). -3 N. of a daughter of Dakṣa and one of the wives of Kaśyapa, and mother of महाश्वेता. -ष्टम् 1 Bad or ill luck, evil, misfortune, calamity. -2 A portentous phenomenon foreboding misfortune, unlucky omen (such as earth-quake). -3 Unfavourable symptom, especially of approaching death; रोगिणो मरणं यस्मादवश्यं भावि लभ्यते । तल्लक्षणमरिष्टं स्याद्रिष्टमप्यमिधीयते ॥ cf. also Pātañjala Yogadarśana 3.22. -4 Good fortune or luck, happiness. -5 The lying-in-chamber, delivery-room, women's apartments; कर्मारारिष्टशालासु ज्वलेदग्निः सुरक्षितः Mb.12.69.49; (अन्तःपुरम्); अपस्नात इवारिष्ठं प्रविवेश गृहोत्तमम् Rām. -6 Butter-milk. -7 Spirituous liquor; ग्लानिच्छेदी क्षुत्प्रबोधाय पीत्वा रक्तारिष्टम् Śi. 18.77. cf.... अरिष्टं सूतिकागृहे । अशुभे निम्बवृक्षे च शुभे तक्राङ्कयोः पुमान् । काके च फेनिले नीचे व्यसने$नर्थलम्बयोः । भग्यहीने... Nm. -Comp. -असु a. Ved. having one's life unhurt. अरिष्टासु सचेवहि बृहते वाजसातये Av.14.2.72. -गातु a. Ved. dwelling securely चा$रिष्टगातुः स होता सहोभरिः Rv.5.44.3. -गृहम the lying-in-chamber. -ग्राम a. Ved. of undivided group, having a complete troop; अरिष्टग्रामाः सुमतिं पिपर्तन Rv.1.166.6. -ताति a. Ved. making fortune or happy, auspicious. (-तिः f.) safeness, security, succession of good fortune, continuous happiness (अरिष्टं करोतीति ˚तातिः; अरिष्टस्य भावो वा शिवशमरिष्टस्य करे P.IV.4.143-4 Sk.); तदत्रभवता निष्पन्नाशिषां काममरिष्टतातिमाशास्महे Mv. 1. -दुष्टधी a. apprehensive of death, alarmed at the approach of death. -नेमिः N. of the 22nd तीर्थंकर of the Jainas; N. of the brother of Garuḍa. -पुरम् N. of a place; cf. अरिष्टाश्रितपुरम् P. VI.2.1. -भर्मन् a. granting security; देवेभिर्देव्यदिते$- रिष्टभर्मन्ना गहि Rv.8.18.4. -मथनः N. of Śiva or Viṣṇu. -शय्या a lying in couch; अरिष्टशय्यां परितो विसारिणा R. 3.15. -सूदनः, -हन् m. killer of Ariṣṭa, epithet of Viṣṇu. | | | artana | अर्तन a. [ऋत्-ल्युट्] 1 Blaming, reviling; प्रतिश्रुत्काया$- अर्तनम् Vāj.3.19. -2 Sorry, grieved. -नम् Censure, reproach, abuse. | | | arthaḥ | अर्थः [In some of its senses from अर्थ्; in others from ऋ-थन् Uṇ.2.4; अर्थते ह्यसौ अर्थिभिः Nir.] 1 Object, purpose, end and aim; wish, desire; ज्ञातार्थो ज्ञातसंबन्धः श्रोतुं श्रोता प्रवर्तते, सिद्ध˚, ˚परिपन्थी Mu.5; ˚वशात् 5.8; स्मर्तव्यो$स्मि सत्यर्थे Dk.117 if it be necessary; Y.2.46; M.4.6; oft. used in this sense as the last member of compounds and translated by 'for', 'intended for', 'for the sake of', 'on account of', 'on behalf of', and used like an adj. to qualify nouns; अर्थेन तु नित्य- समासो विशेष्यनिघ्रता च Vārt.; सन्तानार्थाय विधये R.1.34; तां देवतापित्रतिथिक्रियार्थाम् (धेनुम्) 2.16; द्विजार्था यवागूः Sk.; यज्ञार्थात्कर्मणो$न्यत्र Bg.3.9. It mostly occurs in this sense as अर्थम्, अर्थे or अर्थाय and has an adverbial force; (a) किमर्थम् for what purpose, why; यदर्थम् for whom or which; वेलोपलक्षणार्थम् Ś.4; तद्दर्शनादभूच्छम्भोर्भूयान्दारार्थ- मादरः Ku.6.13; (b) परार्थे प्राज्ञ उत्सृजेत् H.1.41; गवार्थे ब्राह्मणार्थे च Pt.1.42; मदर्थे त्यक्तजीविताः Bg.1.9; (c) सुखार्थाय Pt.4.18; प्रत्याख्याता मया तत्र नलस्यार्थाय देवताः Nala.13.19; ऋतुपर्णस्य चार्थाय 23.9. -2 Cause, motive, reason, ground, means; अलुप्तश्च मुनेः क्रियार्थः R. 2.55 means or cause; अतो$र्थात् Ms.2.213. -3 Meaning, sense, signification, import; अर्थ is of 3 kinds:-- वाच्य or expressed, लक्ष्य or indicated (secondary), and व्यङ्ग्य or suggested; तददोषौ शब्दार्थौ K. P.1; अर्थो वाच्यश्च लक्ष्यश्च व्यङ्ग्यश्चेति त्रिधा मतः S. D.2; वागर्थाविव R.1.1; अवेक्ष्य धातोर्गमनार्थमर्थवित् 3.21. -4 A thing, object, substance; लक्ष्मणो$र्थं ततः श्रुत्वा Rām.7.46.18; अर्थो हि कन्या परकीय एव Ś.4.22; that which can be perceived by the senses, an object of sense; इन्द्रिय˚ H.1.146; Ku.7.71; R.2.51; न निर्बद्धा उपसर्गा अर्थान्निराहुः Nir.; इन्द्रियेभ्यः परा ह्यर्था अर्थेभ्यश्च परं मनः Kaṭh. (the objects of sense are five : रूप, रस, गन्ध, स्पर्श and शब्द); शब्दः स्पर्शो रसो गन्धो रूपं चेत्यर्थजातयः Bhāg.11.22.16. -5 (a) An affair, business, matter, work; प्राक् प्रतिपन्नो$यमर्थो$- ङ्गराजाय Ve.3; अर्थो$यमर्थान्तरभाव्य एव Ku.3.18; अर्थो$र्था- नुबन्धी Dk.67; सङ्गीतार्थः Me.66 business of singing i. e. musical concert (apparatus of singing); सन्देशार्थाः Me. 5 matters of message, i. e. messages; (b) Interest, object; स्वार्थसाधनतत्परः Ms.4.196; द्वयमेवार्थसाधनम् R.1. 19;2.21; दुरापे$र्थे 1.72; सर्वार्थचिन्तकः Ms.7.121; माल- विकायां न मे कश्चिदर्थः M.3 I have no interest in M. (c) Subject-matter, contents (as of letters &c.); त्वामव- गतार्थं करिष्यति Mu.1 will acquaint you with the matter; उत्तरो$यं लेखार्थः ibid.; तेन हि अस्य गृहीतार्था भवामि V.2 if so I should know its contents; ननु परिगृहीतार्थो$- स्मि कृतो भवता V.5; तया भवतो$विनयमन्तरेण परिगृहीतार्था कृता देवी M.4 made acquainted with; त्वया गृहीतार्थया अत्रभवती कथं न वारिता 3; अगृहीतार्थे आवाम् Ś.6; इति पौरान् गृहीतार्थान् कृत्वा ibid. -6 Wealth, riches, property, money (said to be of 3 kinds : शुक्ल honestly got; शबल got by more or less doubtful means, and कृष्ण dishonestly got;) त्यागाय संभृतार्थानाम् R.1.7; धिगर्थाः कष्टसंश्रयाः Pt.1.163; अर्थानामर्जने दुःखम् ibid.; सस्यार्थास्तस्य मित्राणि1.3; तेषामर्थे नियुञ्जीत शूरान् दक्षान् कुलोद्गतान् Ms.7.62. -7 Attainment of riches or worldly prosperity, regarded as one of the four ends of human existence, the other three being धर्म, काम and मोक्ष; with अर्थ and काम, धर्म forms the well-known triad; cf. Ku.5.38; अप्यर्थकामौ तस्यास्तां धर्म एव मनीषिणः R.1.25. -8 (a) Use, advantage, profit, good; तथा हि सर्वे तस्यासन् परार्थैकफला गुणाः R.1.29 for the good of others; अर्थान- र्थावुभौ बुद्ध्वा Ms.8.24 good and evil; क्षेत्रिणामर्थः 9.52; यावानर्थ उदपाने सर्वतः सांप्लुतोदके Bg.2.46; also व्यर्थ, निरर्थक q. v. (b) Use, want, need, concern, with instr.; को$र्थः पुत्रेण जातेन Pt.1 what is the use of a son being born; कश्च तेनार्थः Dk.59; को$र्थस्तिरश्चां गुणैः Pt.2.33 what do brutes care for merits; Bh.2.48; योग्येनार्थः कस्य न स्याज्ज- नेन Ś.18.66; नैव तस्य कृतेनार्थो नाकृतेनेह कश्चन Bg.3.18; यदि प्राणैरिहार्थो वो निवर्तध्वम् Rām. को नु मे जीवितेनार्थः Nala.12. 65. -9 Asking, begging; request, suit, petition. -1 Action, plaint (in law); अर्थ विरागाः पश्यन्ति Rām.2.1. 58; असाक्षिकेषु त्वर्थेषु Ms.8.19. -11 The actual state, fact of the matter; as in यथार्थ, अर्थतः, ˚तत्वविद्, यदर्थेन विनामुष्य पुंस आत्मविपर्ययः Bhāg.3.7.1. -12 Manner, kind, sort. -13 Prevention, warding off; मशकार्थो धूमः; prohibition, abolition (this meaning may also be derived from 1 above). -14 Price (perhaps an incorrect form for अर्घ). -15 Fruit, result (फलम्). तस्य नानुभवेदर्थं यस्य हेतोः स रोपितः Rām.6.128.7; Mb.12.175.5. -16 N. of a son of धर्म. -17 The second place from the लग्न (in astr.). -18 N. of Viṣṇu. -19 The category called अपूर्व (in पूर्वमीमांसा); अर्थ इति अपूर्वं ब्रूमः । ŚB. on MS.7.1.2. -2 Force (of a statement or an ｅxpression); अर्थाच्च सामर्थ्याच्च क्रमो विधीयते । ŚB. on MS.5.1.2. [अर्थात् = by implication]. -21 The need, purpose, sense; व्यवधानादर्थो बलीयान् । ŚB. on MS.6.4.23. -22 Capacity, power; अर्थाद्वा कल्पनैकदेशत्वात् । Ms.1.4.3 (where Śabara paraphrases अर्थात् by सामर्थ्यात् and states the rule: आख्यातानामर्थं ब्रुवतां शक्तिः सहकारिणी ।), cf. अर्थो$भिधेयरैवस्तुप्रयोजननिवृत्तिषु । मोक्षकारणयोश्च...... Nm. -Comp. -अतिदेशः Extension (of gender, number &e.) to the objects (as against words), i. e. to treat a single object as though it were many, a female as though it were male. (तन्त्रवार्त्तिक 1.2.58.3;6.3.34.7). -अधिकारः charge of money, office of treasurer ˚रे न नियोक्तव्यौ H.2. -अधिकारिन् m. a treasurer, one charged with financial duties, finance minister. -अनुपपत्तिः f. The difficulty of accounting for or explaining satisfactorily a particular meaning; incongruity of a particular meaning (तन्त्रवार्त्तिक 4.3.42.2). -अनुयायिन् a. Following the rules (शास्त्र); तत्त्रिकालहितं वाक्यं धर्म्यमर्थानुयायि च Rām.5.51.21. -अन्वेषणम् inquiry after a matter. -अन्तरम् 1 another or different meaning. -2 another cause or motive; अर्थो$यम- र्थान्तरभाव्य एव Ku.3.18. -3 A new matter or circumstance, new affair. -4 opposite or antithetical meaning, difference of meaning. ˚न्यासः a figure of speech in which a general proposition is adduced to support a particular instance, or a particular instance, to support a general proposition; it is an inference from particular to general and vice versa; उक्तिरर्थान्तरन्यासः स्यात् सामान्यविशेषयोः । (1) हनूमानब्धिमतरद् दुष्करं किं महात्मनाम् ॥ (2) गुणवद्वस्तुसंसर्गाद्याति नीचो$पि गौरवम् । पुष्पमालानुषङ्गेण सूत्रं शिरसि धार्यते Kuval.; cf. also K. P.1 and S. D.79. (Instances of this figure abound in Sanskrit literature, especially in the works of Kālidāsa, Māgha and Bhāravi). -अन्वित a. 1 rich, wealthy. -2 significant. -अभिधान a. 1 That whose name is connected with the purpose to be served by it; अर्थाभिधानं प्रयोजनसम्बद्धमभिधानं यस्य, यथा पुरोडाश- कपालमिति पुरोडाशार्थं कपालं पुरोडाशकपालम् । ŚB. on MS.4.1. 26. -2 ｅxpression or denotation of the desired meaning (वार्त्तिक 3.1.2.5.). -अर्थिन् a. one who longs for or strives to get wealth or gain any object. अर्थार्थी जीवलोको$यम् । आर्तो जिज्ञासुरर्थार्थी Bg.7.16. -अलंकरः a figure of speech determined by and dependent on the sense, and not on sound (opp. शब्दालंकार). अलंकारशेखर of केशवमिश्र mentions (verse 29) fourteen types of अर्थालंकारs as follows:- उपमारूपकोत्प्रेक्षाः समासोक्तिरपह्नुतिः । समाहितं स्वभावश्च विरोधः सारदीपकौ ॥ सहोक्तिरन्यदेशत्वं विशेषोक्तिर्विभावना । एवं स्युरर्थालकारा- श्चतुर्दश न चापरे ॥ -आगमः 1 acquisition of wealth, income; ˚गमाय स्यात् Pt.1. cf. also अर्थागमो नित्यमरोगिता च H. -2 collection of property. -3 conveying of sense; S. D.737. -आपत्तिः f. [अर्थस्य अनुक्तार्थस्य आपत्तिः सिद्धिः] 1 an inference from circumstances, presumption, implication, one of the five sources of knowledge or modes of proof, according to the Mīmāṁsakas. It is 'deduction of a matter from that which could not else be'; it is 'assumption of a thing, not itself perceived but necessarily implied by another which is seen, heard, or proved'; it is an inference used to account for an apparent inconsistency; as in the familiar instance पीनो देवदत्तो दिवा न भुङ्क्ते the apparent inconsistency between 'fatness' and 'not eating by day' is accounted for by the inference of his 'eating by night'. पीनत्वविशि- ष्टस्य देवदत्तस्य रात्रिभोजित्वरूपार्थस्य शब्दानुक्तस्यापि आपत्तिः. It is defined by Śabara as दृष्टः श्रुतो वार्थो$न्यथा नोपपद्यते इत्यर्थ- कल्पना । यथा जीवति देवदत्ते गृहाभावदर्शनेन बहिर्भावस्यादृष्टस्य कल्पना ॥ Ms.1.1.5. It may be seen from the words दृष्टः and श्रुतः in the above definition, that Śabara has suggested two varieties of अर्थापत्ति viz. दृष्टार्थापत्ति and श्रुता- र्थापत्ति. The illustration given by him, however, is of दृष्टार्थापत्ति only. The former i. e. दृष्टार्थापत्ति consists in the presumption of some अदृष्ट अर्थ to account for some दृष्ट अर्थ (or अर्थs) which otherwise becomes inexplicable. The latter, on the other hand, consists in the presumption of some अर्थ through अश्रुत शब्द to account for some श्रुत अर्थ (i. e. some statement). This peculiarity of श्रुतार्थापत्ति is clearly stated in the following couplet; यत्र त्वपरिपूर्णस्य वाक्यस्यान्वयसिद्धये । शब्दो$ध्याह्रियते तत्र श्रुतार्थापत्ति- रिष्यते ॥ Mānameyodaya p.129 (ed. by K. Raja, Adyar, 1933). Strictly speaking it is no separate mode of proof; it is only a case of अनुमान and can be proved by a व्यतिरेकव्याप्ति; cf. Tarka. K.17 and S. D.46. -2 a figure of speech (according to some rhetoricians) in which a relevant assertion suggests an inference not actually connected with the the subject in hand, or vice versa; it corresponds to what is popularly called कैमुतिकन्याय or दण्डापूपन्याय; e. g. हारो$यं हरिणाक्षीणां लुण्ठति स्तनमण्डले । मुक्तानामप्यवस्थेयं के वयं स्मरकिङ्कराः Amaru.1; अभितप्तमयो$पि मार्दवं भजते कैव कथा शरीरिषु R.8.43.; S. D. thus defines the figure:- दण्डापूपिकन्यायार्थागमो$र्थापत्तिरिष्यते. -उत्पत्तिः f. acquisition of wealth; so ˚उपार्जनम्. -उपक्षेपकः an introductory scene (in dramas); अर्थोपक्षेपकाः पञ्च S. D.38. They are विष्कम्भ, चूलिका, अङ्कास्य, अङ्कावतार, प्रवेशक. -उपमा a simile dependent on sense and not on sound; see under उपमा. -उपार्जनम् Acquiring wealth. -उष्मन् m. the glow or warmth of wealth; अर्थोष्मणा विरहितः पुरुषः स एव Bh.2.4. -ओघः, -राशिः treasure, hoard of money. -कर (-री f.), -कृत a. 1 bringing in wealth, enriching; अर्थकरी च विद्या H. Pr.3. -2 useful, advantageous. -कर्मन् n. 1 a principal action (opp. गुणकर्मन्). -2 (as opposed to प्रतिपत्तिकर्मन्), A fruitful act (as opposed to mere disposal or प्रतिपत्ति); अर्थकर्म वा कर्तृ- संयोगात् स्रग्वत् । MS.4.2.17. -काम a. desirous of wealth. (-˚मौ dual), wealth and (sensual) desire or pleasure; अप्यर्थकामौ तस्यास्तां धर्म एव मनीषिणः R.1.25. ह्रत्वार्थकामास्तु गुरूनिहैव Bg.2.5. -कार्ष्यम् Poverty. निर्बन्धसंजातरुषार्थकार्घ्यमचिन्तयित्वा गुरुणाहमुक्तः R.5.21. -काशिन् a. only apparently of utility (not really). -किल्बिषिन् a. dishonest in money-matters. -कृच्छ्रम् 1 a difficult matter. -2 pecuniary difficulty; व्यसनं वार्थकृच्छ्रे वा Rām.4.7.9; Mb.3.2.19; cf. also Kau. A.1.15 न मुह्येदर्थकृच्छ्रेषु Nīti. -कृत्यम् doing or execution of a business; अभ्युपेतार्थकृत्याः Me.4. -कोविद a. Expert in a matter, experienced. उवाच रामो धर्मात्मा पुनरप्यर्थकोविदः Rām.6.4.8. -क्रमः due order or sequence of purpose. -क्रिया (a) An implied act, an act which is to be performed as a matter of course (as opposed to शब्दोक्तक्रिया); असति शब्दोक्ते अर्थक्रिया भवति ŚB. on MS.12.1.12. (b) A purposeful action. (see अर्थकर्मन्). -गत a. 1 based on the sense (as a दोष). -2 devoid of sense. -गतिः understanding the sense. -गुणाः cf. भाविकत्वं सुशब्दत्वं पर्यायोक्तिः सुधर्मिता । चत्वारो$र्थगुणाः प्रोक्ताः परे त्वत्रैव संगताः ॥ अलंकारशेखर 21. -गृहम् A treasury. Hariv. -गौरवम् depth of meaning; भारवेरर्थगौरवम् Udb., Ki.2.27. -घ्न a. (घ्नी f.) extravagant, wasteful, prodigal; सुरापी व्याधिता धूर्ता वन्ध्यार्थघ्न्य- प्रियंवदा Y.1.73; व्याधिता वाधिवेत्तव्या हिंस्रार्थघ्नी च सर्वदा Ms.9.8. -चित्रम् 'variety in sense', a pun, Kāvya-prakāśa. -चिन्तक a. 1 thinking of profit. -2 having charge of affairs; सर्वार्थचिन्तकः Ms.7.121. -चिन्ता, -चिन्तनम् charge or administration of (royal) affairs; मन्त्री स्यादर्थचिन्तायाम् S. D. -जात a. 1 full of meaning. -2 wealthy (जातधन). (-तम्) 1 a collection of things. -2 large amount of wealth, considerable property; Dk.63, Ś.6; ददाति च नित्यमर्थजातम् Mk.2.7. -3 all matters; कवय इव महीपाश्चिन्तयन्त्यर्थजातम् Śi.11.6. -4 its own meaning; वहन्द्वयीं यद्यफले$र्थजाते Ki.3.48. -ज्ञ a. knowing the sense or purpose; अर्थज्ञ इत्सकलं भद्रमश्नुते Nir. -तत्त्वम् 1 the real truth, the fact of the matter; यो$र्थतत्त्वमविज्ञाय क्रोधस्यैव वशं गतः H.4.94. -2 the real nature or cause of anything. -द a. 1 yielding wealth; Dk.41. -2 advantageous, productive of good, useful. -3 liberal, munificent Ms.2.19. -4 favourable, compliant. (-दः) N. of Kubera. -दर्शकः 'one who sees law-suits'; a judge. -दर्शनम् perception of objects; कुरुते दीप इवार्थदर्शनम् Ki.2.33; Dk.155. -दूषणम् 1 extravagance, waste; H.3.18; Ms.7.48. -2 unjust seizure of property or withholding what is due. -3 finding fault with the meaning. -4 spoiling of another's property. -दृश् f. Consideration of truth; क्षेमं त्रिलोकगुरुरर्थदृशं च यच्छन् Bhāg.1.86.21. -दृष्टिः Seeing profit; Bhāg. -दोषः a literary fault or blemish with regard to the sense, one of the four doṣas or blemishes of literary composition, the other three being परदोष, पदांशदोष, वाक्यदोष; for definitions &c. see K. P.7. अलंकारशेखर of केशवमिश्र who mentions eight types of doṣas as follows: अष्टार्थदोषाः विरस, -ग्राम्य, -व्याहत, -खिन्नताः । -हीना, -धिका, सदृक्साम्यं देशादीनां विरोधि च ॥ 17 -द्वयविधानम् Injunction of two ideas or senses; विधाने चार्थद्वयविधानं दोषः ŚB. on MS.1.8.7. -नित्य a. = अर्थ- प्रधान Nir. -निबन्धन a. dependent on wealth. -निश्चयः determination, decision. -प्रतिः 1 'the lord of riches', a a king; किंचिद् विहस्यार्थपतिं बभाषे R.2.46;1.59;9.3;18.1; Pt.1.74. -2 an epithet of Kubera. -पदम् N. of the Vārt. on Pāṇini; ससूत्रवृत्त्यर्थपदं महार्थं ससंग्रहं सिद्ध्यति वै कपीन्द्रः Rām.7.36.45. -पर, -लुब्ध a. 1 intent on gaining wealth, greedy of wealth, covetous. -2 niggardly, parsimonious; हिंस्रा दयालुरपि चार्थपरा वदान्या Bh.2.47; Pt.1.425. -प्रकृतिः f. the leading source or occasion of the grand object in a drama; (the number of these 'sources' is five :-- बीजं बिन्दुः पताका च प्रकरी कार्यमेव च । अर्थप्रकृतयः पञ्च ज्ञात्वा योज्या यथाविधि S. D.317.) -प्रयोगः 1 usury. -2 administration of the affairs (of a state) -प्राप्त a. derived or understood from the sense included as a matter of course, implied; परिसमाप्तिः शब्दार्थः । परिसमाप्त्यामर्थप्राप्तत्वादारम्भस्य । ŚB. on MS.6.2.13. -˚त्वम् Inplication. -बन्धः 1 arrangement of words, composition, text; stanza, verse; संचिन्त्य गीतक्षममर्थबन्धम् Ś.7.5; ललितार्थबन्धम् V.2.14 put or expressed in elegant words. -2. connection (of the soul) with the objects of sense. -बुद्धि a. selfish. -बोधः indication of the (real) import. -भाज् a. entitled to a share in the division of property. -भावनम् Deliberation over a subject (Pātañjala Yogadarśana 1.28). -भृत् a. receiving high wages (as a servant). -भेदः distinction or difference of meaning; अर्थभेदेन शब्दभेदः. -मात्रम्, -त्रा 1 property, wealth; Pt.2. -2 the whole sense or object. -युक्त a. significant, full of यस्यार्थयुक्तं meaning; गिरिराजशब्दं कुर्वन्ति Ku.1.13. -लक्षण a. As determined by the purpose or need (as opposed to शब्दलक्षण); लोके कर्मार्थलक्षणम् Ms.11.1.26. -लाभः acquisition of wealth. -लोभः avarice. -वशः power in the form of discrimination and knowledge. अर्थवशात् सप्तरूपविनिवृत्ताम् Sāvk.65. -वादः 1 declaration of any purpose. -2 affirmation, declaratory assertion, an explanatory remark, exegesis; speech or assertion having a certain object; a sentence. (It usually recommends a विधि or precept by stating the good arising from its proper observance, and the evils arising from its omission, and also by adducing historical instances in its support; स्तुतिर्निन्दा परकृतिः पुराकल्प इत्यर्थवादः Gaut. Sūt.; said by Laugākṣi to be of 3 kinds :- गुणवादो विरोधे स्यादनु वादो$वधारिते । भूतार्थवादस्तद्धानादर्थ- वादस्त्रिधा मतः; the last kind includes many varieties.) -3 one of the six means of finding out the tātparya (real aim and object) of any work. -4 praise, eulogy; अर्थवाद एषः । दोषं तु मे कंचित्कथय U.1. -विकरणम् = अर्थ- विक्रिया change of meaning. -विकल्पः 1 deviation from truth, perversion of fact. -2 prevarication; also ˚वैकल्प्यम् -विज्ञानम् comprehending the sense, one of the six exercises of the understanding (धीगुण). -विद् a. sensible, wise, sagacious. भुङ्क्ते तदपि तच्चान्यो मधुहेवार्थविन्मधु Bhāg.11.18.15. विवक्षतामर्थविदस्तत्क्षणप्रतिसंहृताम् Śi. -विद्या knowledge of practical life; Mb.7. -विपत्तिः Failing of an aim; समीक्ष्यतां चार्थविपत्तिमार्गताम् Rām.2.19.4. -विभावक a. money-giver; विप्रेभ्यो$र्थविभावकः Mb.3.33. 84. -विप्रकर्षः difficulty in the comprehension of the sense. -विशेषणम् a reprehensive repetition of something uttered by another; S. D.49. -वृद्धिः f. accumulation of wealth. -व्ययः expenditure; ˚ज्ञ a. conversant with money-matters. -शब्दौ Word and sense. -शालिन् a. Wealthy. -शास्त्रम् 1 the science of wealth (political economy). -2 science of polity, political science, politics; अर्थशास्त्रविशारदं सुधन्वानमुपाध्यायम् Rām.2.1.14. Dk.12; इह खलु अर्थशास्त्रकारास्त्रिविधां सिद्धिमुपवर्णयन्ति Mu.3; ˚व्यवहारिन् one dealing with politics, a politician; Mu.5. -3 science giving precepts on general conduct, the science of practical life; Pt.1. -शौचम् purity or honesty in money-matters; सर्वेषां चैव शौचानामर्थशौचं परं स्मृतं Ms. 5.16. -श्री Great wealth. -संस्थानम् 1 accumulation of wealth. -2 treasury. -संग्रहः, -संचयः accumulation or acquisition of wealth, treasure, property. कोशेनाश्रयणी- यत्वमिति तस्यार्थसंग्रहः R.17.6. कुदेशमासाद्य कुतो$र्थसंचयः H. -संग्रहः a book on Mīmāṁsā by Laugākṣi Bhāskara. -सतत्त्वम् truth; किं पुनरत्रार्थसतत्त्वम् । देवा ज्ञातुमर्हन्ति MBh. or P.VIII.3.72. -समाजः aggregate of causes. -समाहारः 1 treasure. -2 acquisition of wealth. -संपद् f. accomplishment of a desired object; उपेत्य संघर्ष- मिवार्थसंपदः Ki.1.15. -संपादनम् Carrying out of an affair; Ms.7.168. -संबन्धः connection of the sense with the word or sentence. -संबन्धिन् a. Concerned or interested in an affair; Ms.8.64. -साधक a. 1 accomplishing any object. -2 bringing any matter to a conclusion. -सारः considerable wealth; Pt.2.42. -सिद्ध a. understood from the very context (though not expressed in words), inferable from the connection of words. -सिद्धिः f. fulfilment of a desired object, success. द्वारमिवार्थसिद्धेः R.2.21. -हानिः Loss of wealth -हारिन् a. stealing money Ks. -हर a. inheriting wealth. -हीन a. 1 deprived of wealth, poor. -2 unmeaning, nonsensical. -3 failing. | | | ādahanam | आदहनम् 1 Burning. -2 Injuring, killing. -3 Reviling, despising. -4 A cemetery, a place where anything is burnt (आदह्यते$स्मिन्निति); क्षिप्रं वै तस्यादहनं परि नृत्यन्ति केशिनीः Av.12.5.48. | | | ādi | आदि (दी) नवः वम् 1 Misfortune, distress. -2 Hinderance; want of luck (in dice); आदिनवं प्रतिदीन्वे Av.7.19.4. -3 Fault, transgression; Śi.2.22. see अनादीनव. -4 An inflictor of distress; आदीनवः पुमान् दोषे परिक्लेशदुरन्तयोः Medinī. -Comp. -दर्श a. having evil designs towards a fellow-player at dice (Ved.); अक्षराजाय कितवं कृतायादिनवदर्शम् Vāj.3.18. | | | āyudhaḥ | आयुधः धम् [आयुध्-घञर्थे क] 1 A weapon, shield &c.; it is of 3 kinds (1) प्रहरण, e. g. a sword; (2) हस्तमुक्त, e. g. a disc; (3) यन्त्रमुक्त, e. g. an arrow; आयुधानामहं वज्रम् Bg.1.28. न मे त्वदन्येन विसोढमायुधम् R.3.63. An implement; वशाया यज्ञ आयुधम् Av.1.1.18. -2 A vessel (Ved.). -धम् 1 Gold used for ornaments. -2 (pl.) Water (Ved.). -Comp. (-अ) आगारम् an armoury, arsenal; अहमप्यायुधागारं प्रविश्यायुधसहायो भवामि Ve.1; Ms.9.28. -आगारिकः Governor of an arsenal. -जीविन् a. living by one's weapon. (m.) a warrior, soldier. -धर्मिणी the tree called जयन्ती (रोगनाशने तस्या आयुधधर्मत्वात्). -पालः the governor of an arsenal; Hariv. -पिशाचिका 'devil of arms', devilish warlike spirit; Mv.3; A. R.4; B. R.4. -शाला see आयुधागार. | | | āyus | आयुस् n. [इ-असि-णिच्च Uṇ.2.117] 1 Life, duration of life; दीर्घमायुः R.9.62,12.48; तक्षकेणापि दष्टस्य आयुर्मर्माणि रक्षति H.2.16; आयुर्वर्षशतं नृणां परिमितम् Bh.3.17, शतायुर्वै पुरुषः Ait. Br.; प्राणो हि भूतानामायुः । तस्मात्सर्वायुषमुच्यते सर्वमेव त आयुर्यान्ति Tait. Up.2.3.1 -2 Vital power. -3 Food. -4 N. of a ceremony called आयुष्टोम performed to secure long life, together with the गो and ज्योतिस् part of the अभिप्लव ceremony. (In comp. the final स् of this word is changed to ष् before hard consonants, and to र् before soft ones). -Comp. -कर a. (-री f.) promoting long life; K.351. -काम a. wishing for long life or health. -कृत् a. giving or producing life. -द्रव्यम् 1 a medicament. -2 ghee. -योगः N. of a योग in astronomy. -वृद्धिः f. long life, longevity. -वेदः [आयुरस्मिन् विद्यते$नेन वा आयुर्विंदतीत्यायुर्वेदः Suśr.] the science of health or medicine, counted as a sacred science, and regarded as a supplement to the Atharvaveda; (it comprises 8 different departments; (1) शल्यम् surgery; (2) शालाक्यम् diagnosis of diseases belonging to the head and its organs; (3) कायचिकित्सा treatment of diseases of the whole body; (4) भूतविद्या treatment of diseases of the mind supposed to be caused by the influence of evil spirits; (5) कौमारभृत्यम् treatment of children; (6) अगदतन्त्रम् doctrine of antidotes; (7) रसायनतन्त्रम् doctrine of elixirs; and (8) वाजीकरणतन्त्रम् treatment of remedies to increase generative power); Śukra.4.277. -वेददृश्, -वेदमय, -वेदिक, -वेदिन् a. 1 belonging to medicine. -2 acquainted with medical science, medical. m. a physician. -शेषः 1 remainder of life; ˚शेषतया Pt.1; ˚जीवित Pt.4 being destined to live longer. -2 end or decline of life. -स्तोमः (आयुष्ठोमः) a sacrifice performed to obtain long life. | | | āre | आरे ind. Ved. 1 Far, far from, (with abl.). -2 Near. -Comp. -अघ a. Ved. having evil far removed; पूर्वी- रिषो बृहतीरारेअघा Rv.6.1.12. -अवद्य a. one from whom blame is far removed; हित्वी गयमारेअवद्य आगात् Rv.1.99.5. -शत्रु a. one whose enemies are driven far away; आरेशत्रुं कृणुहि सर्ववरिम् Av.7.8.1. | | | āviṣṭa | आविष्ट p. p. 1 Entered. -2 Possessed (by an evil spirit); आविष्टासि गृहे शून्ये सा त्वं परवशंगता Rām.2.12.18; K.12,167,318. -3 Possessed of, seized or filled with, full of, overpowered or overcome; भय˚, क्रोध˚, निद्रा˚; कृपयाविष्टम् Bg.2.1; भोगिनः कञ्चुकाविष्टाः Pt.1.65 covered with, clad in. -4 Engrossed or occupied in, intent on (तत्पर, उद्युक्त). -Comp. -लिङ्ग a. (noun) which in every relationship preserves its own gender (नियतलिङ्ग), e. g. प्रधानम्, अर्धः, उपसर्जनम्. | | | āsura | आसुर a. (-री f.) [असुरस्येदं अण् opp. दैव] 1 Belonging to Asuras. -2 Belonging to evil spirits; आसुरी माया, आसुरी रात्रिः &c. -3 Infernal, demoniacal; आसुरं भावमाश्रितः Bg.7.15 (for a full exposition of what constitutes आसुर conduct, see Bg.16.7-24). -4 Not performing sacrifices. -5 Divine, spiritual. -रः 1 A demon [स्वार्थे अण्]. -2 one of the eight forms of marriage, in which the bridegroom purchases the bride from her father or other paternal kinsmen; (see उद्वाह); आसुरो द्रविणादानात् Y.1.61; Ms.3.31. -3 (pl.) The stars of the southern hemisphere. -4 A prince of the warrior-tribe Asura. -री 1 Surgery, curing by cutting by instruments. -2 A female demon, demoness; संभ्रमादासुरीभिः Ve.1.3. -3 N. of a plant Sinapis Ramosa Roxb. (Mar. मोहरी; राई) -रम् 1 Blood. -2 Black salt. | | | āsravaḥ | आस्रवः [आस्रू-अप्] 1 Pain, affliction, distress. -2 Flowing, running. -3 Discharge, emission. -4 Fault, transgressing. -5 The foam on boiling rice. -6 (With Jainas) The impulse called योग or attention which the soul participates in the movement of its various bodies; it is defined as the 'action of the senses which impels the soul towards external objects'; it is good or evil according as it is directed towards good or evil objects. | | | utpātaḥ | उत्पातः 1 Flying up, a spring, jump; एकोत्पातेन at one jump; एकोत्पातेन ते लङ्कामेष्यन्ति हरियूथपाः Rām.5.39. 4. -2 Rebounding, rising up (fig. also); करनिहतकन्दुक- समाः पातोत्पाता मनुष्याणाम् H.1. v. l. Upward jolt; विचलन् प्रथमोत्पाते हयानां भरतर्षभ Mb.3.168.4. -3 portent, any portentous or unusual phenomenon boding calamity; उत्पातेन ज्ञापिते च Vārt.. on P.I.4.44. Sk. ˚जलधरः K.111,287; Ve.1.22; सापि सुकुमारसुभगेत्युत्पातपरंपरा केयम् K. P.1; Mv.1.37. -4 Any public calamity (as an eclipse, earthquake &c.); a calamity (in general); अघर्मात्तु महोत्पातो भविष्यति हि सांप्रतम् Rām.5.26.32. ˚केतु K.5; ˚धूमलेखा Ketu; Māl.9.48. -Comp. -पवनः, -वातः, -वातालिः portentous or violent wind, whirlwind, a hurricane; R.15.23; Mv.1. ओषामासे मत्सरो- त्पातवातः Śi.18.35; उत्पातवाततरलीकृततारकाभम् Nāg.5.8. -प्रतीकारः provision made to counteract the evil portents; Kau. A.2.7. | | | udaram | उदरम् [उद्-ऋ-अप्] 1 The belly; दुष्पूरोदरपूरणाय Bh. 2.119; cf. कृशोदरी, उदरभरणम्, उदरंभरि &c. -2 The interior or inside of anything, cavity; तडाग˚ Pt.2.15; R.5.7; U.2.16,4.29; त्वां कारयामि कमलोदरबन्धनस्थम् Ś.6.2; Śānti.1.5; Ś.1.19; Amaru.88; जलदोदरेभ्यः Mk.5; Rs.3.12; घनानां वारिगर्भोदराणाम् Ś.7.7. -3 Enlargement of the abdomen from dropsy or flatulence; तस्य होदरं जज्ञे Ait. Br. -4 Any morbid abdominal affection, such as liver, spleen &c. (said to be of 8 kinds वात˚, पित्त˚, कफ˚, त्रिलिङ्ग˚ or दूषी˚, प्लीहा˚, बद्धगुद˚, आगन्तुक˚ and जल˚). -5 Slaughter [cf. L. uterus; Zend. udara]. -6 Battle. -Comp. -अग्निः The digestive faculty. -आध्मानः flatulence of the belly. -आमयः disease of the belly, dysentery, diarrhœa. -आमयिन् a. suffering from dysentery. -आवर्तः the navel. -आवेष्टः the tape-worm. -ग्रन्थिः, -गुल्मः disease of the spleen. -त्राणम् 1 a cuirass, armour covering the front of the body. -2 a bellyband. -पिशाच a. [उदरे तत्पूर्तौ पिशाच इव] gluttonous, voracious (having a devilish appetite). (-चः) a glutton. -पूरम् ind. till the belly is full; P.III.4.31. उदरपूरं भुङ्क्ते Sk. eats his fill. -पोषणम्, -भरणम् feeding the belly, support of life (cf. उदरंभरि). -शय a. अधिकरणे शेतेः P.III.2.15; sleeping on the face or the belly. (-यः) fœtus. -सर्वस्वः a glutton, an epicure (one to whom the belly is all-in-all | | | unmatta | उन्मत्त p. p. 1 drunk, intoxicated. -2 Insane, frantic, mad; द्वावत्रोन्मत्तौ V.2; अहो उन्मत्तास्मि संवृत्ता U. 3,5.3; Ś.6; Ms.9.79. -3 (a) Puffed, elevated. (b) Furious, wild; मदोन्मत्तस्य भूपस्य कुञ्जरस्य च गच्छतः Pt.1. 161; U.2; Śi.6.31. -4 Possessed by a ghost or an evil-spirit; Y.2.32; Ms.3.161 (वातपित्तश्लेष्मसंनिपातग्रह- संभवेनोपसृष्टः Mitā.). -5 Very great, abnormal. उन्मत्तवेगाः प्लवगा मधुमत्ताश्च हृष्टवत् Rām.5.62.12. -त्तः 1 the thorn apple (धत्तूर); N. of another tree (मुचकुन्द). -2 N. of one of the eight forms of Bhairava. -Comp. -कीर्तिः, -वेशः N. of Śiva. -गङ्गम् N. of a country (where the Gaṅgā roars furiously along). -दर्शन, -रूप a. maniac-like, mad in appearance. -प्रलपित a. spoken in drunkenness or madness. (-तम्) the words of a madman. -भैरवः A form of Bhairava. ˚वी A form of Durgā. -लिङ्गिन् a. pretending to be mad. | | | unmārga | उन्मार्ग a. [उत्क्रान्तः मार्गात्] Going to be wrong path. -र्गः 1 A wrong road, deviation from the right road (fig. also); नित्यमुन्मार्गगामिनाम् Pt.1. -2 An improper conduct, evil course, moral turpitude; उन्मार्गप्रस्थितानि इन्द्रियाणि K.155; ˚प्रवर्तकः 13. -र्गम् ind. Astray, by a wrong way; उन्मार्गं गच्छतः मदोन्मत्तस्य भूपस्य Pt.1.161. -Comp. -गत a. going wrong. -गमनम् following evil courses. -गामिन्, -वर्तिन् a. going wrong, erring, taking a wrong road. | | | upakruś | उपक्रुश् 1 P. To blame, chide, revile. -Caus. To cause to cry, lament. | | | upadruta | उपद्रुत p. p. 1 Visited by calamities, oppressed, attacked, infested; वेदनाभिरुपद्रुतम् H.4.88. -2 (In astr.) Eclipsed. -3 Boding evil, inauspicious. -तम् A term used by the Bāṣkalas for a kind of Sandhi, also called उद्ग्राहवत् q. v. | | | upaliṅgam | उपलिङ्गम् A portent, natural phenomenon, considered as boding evil. | | | upaplavaḥ | उपप्लवः 1 Misfortune, evil, calamity, distress, adversity; अथ मदनवधूरुपप्लवान्तं ... परिपालयाम्बभूव Ku.4.46; जीवन्पुनः शश्वदुपप्लवेभ्यः प्रजाः पासि R.2.48; -2 (a) An unluky accident, injury, trouble; कच्चिन्न वाय्वादिरुपप्लवो वः R.5.6; Me.17. (b) An obstacle, impediment; तौ (अर्थकामौ) हि तत्त्वावबोधस्य दुरुच्छेदावुपप्लवौ Ki.11.2. -3 Oppression, harassing, troubling; उपप्लवाय लोकानां धूमकेतुरिवोत्थितः Ku. 2.32. -4 Danger, fear; see उपप्लविन् below. -5 Agitation, perturbation; इन्द्रिय˚ K.146. -6 A portent or natural phenomenon foreboding evil. -7 Particularly, an eclipse of the sun or moon; चन्द्रमिवोपप्लवान्मुक्तम् V.I.11. -8 N. of Rāhu, the ascending node, केतूपप्लवभौममन्दगतयः षष्ठे तृतीये शुभाः. -9 Anarchy. -1 N. of Śiva. -11 Doubt, scepticism (with Buddhists). -12 Loss, absence; मायया विभ्रमच्चित्तो न वेद स्मृत्युपप्लवात् Bhāg.1.84.25. | | | upasargaḥ | उपसर्गः 1 Sickness, disease, change occasioned by a disease; also a disease superinduced on another; क्षीणं हन्युश्चोपसर्गाः प्रभूताः Suśr. -2 Misfortune, trouble, calamity, injury, harm; प्रशमिताशेषोपसर्गाः प्रजाः Ratn.1.1; सोपसर्गं वो नक्षत्रम् M.4. sorrow; आपेदे उपसर्गस्तं तमः सूर्यमिवासुरम् Rām.2.63.2. -3 Portent, natural phenomenon foreboding evil. -4 An eclipse. -5 An indication or symptom of death. -6 Addition. -7 Possession by an evil spirit. -8 A preposition prefixed to roots; निपाताश्चादयो ज्ञेयाः प्रादयस्तूपसर्गकाः । द्योतकत्वात् क्रियायोगे लोकादवगता इमे ॥ उपसर्गास्तु विज्ञेयाः क्रियायोगेन विंशतिः । विवेचयन्ति ते ह्यर्थं नामाख्यातविभक्तिषु ॥ बृहद्देवता; आख्यातमुपगृह्यार्थविशेषमिमे तस्यैव सृजन्तीत्युपसर्गाः । Durga under Nirukta 1.3. उपेत्य नामाख्यातयोरर्थस्य विशेषं सृजन्त्युत्पादयन्ती- त्युपसर्गाः । Skanda. The नाट्यशास्त्र defines उपसर्ग thus: प्रातिपदिकार्थयुक्तं धात्वर्थमुपसृजन्ति ये स्वार्थैः । उपसर्गा उपदिष्टास्तस्मात् संस्कारशास्त्रे$स्मिन् ॥ A poetaster has framed the following समस्यापूरण stanza with the rule उपसर्गाः क्रियायोगे (Pāṇini I.4.59); उपसर्गाः क्रियायोगे पाणिनेरपि संमयम् । निष्क्रियो$पि तवारातिः सोपसर्गः सदा कथम् ॥ Upasargas are 2 in number:- प्र, परा, अप, सम्, अनु, अव, निस् or निर्, दुस् or दुर्, वि, आ (ङ्), नि, अधि, अपि, अति, सु, उत्, अभि, प्रति, परि, उप; or 22 if निस्-निर् and दुस्-दुर् be taken as separate words. There are two theories as to the character of these prepositions. According to one theory roots have various meanings in themselves (अनेकार्था हि धातवः); when prepositions are prefixed to them they simply bring to light those meanings already existent but hidden in them, but they do not express them, being meaningless themselves; cf. Śi.1.15:- सन्तमेव चिरमप्रकृतत्वादप्रकाशितमदिद्युतदङ्गे । विभ्रमं मधुमदः प्रमदानां धातुलीनमुपसर्ग इवार्थम् ॥ According to the other theory prepositions express their own independent meanings; they modify, intensify, and sometimes entirely alter, the senses of roots; cf. Sk.:- उपसर्गेण धात्वर्थो बलादन्यत्र नीयते । प्रहाराहारसंहारविहारपरिहारवत् ॥ cf. also धात्वर्थं बाधते कश्चित्कश्चित्तमनुवर्तते । तमेव विशिनष्टयन्य उपसर्गगतिस्त्रिधा ॥ (The latter theory appears to be more correct. For a fuller exposition see Nirukta). -9 An obstacle; ते समाधावुपसर्गा व्युत्थाने सिद्धयः । योगसूत्रs 3.39. | | | upasṛṣṭa | उपसृष्ट p. p. 1 Joined, connected with, accompanied by; किं क्षत्रबन्धून्कलिलोपसृष्टान् Bhāg.1.16.23. -2 Seized or possessed by (a demon or evil spirit); उपसृष्टा इव क्षुद्राधिष्ठितभवनाः K.17. -3 Troubled, affected, injured; (उपसृष्टः परेणेति मूर्च्छितो गदया हतः Bhāg.1.76.33, रोगो- पसृष्टतनुर्दुर्वसतिं मुमुक्षुः R.8.94; K.289. -4 Eclipsed; Mb.13.14.18; Ms.4.37. -5 Furnished with an उपसर्ग (as a root); क्रुधद्रुहोरुपसृष्टयोः कर्म P.I.4.38. -6 Let loose, thrown off; अश्वत्थाम्नोपसृष्टेन ब्रह्मशीर्ष्णोरुतेजसा । उत्तराया हतो गर्भ ईशेनाजीवितः पुनः Bhāg.1.12.1. -8 Ruined; कालोपसृष्टनिगमावन आत्तयोगमायाकृतिं परमहंसगतिं नताः स्म Bhāg. 1.83.4. -ष्टः The sun or moon when eclipsed. -ष्टम् Sexual union. | | | upālabh | उपालभ् 1 Ā. 1 To censure, blame, revile, scold, taunt; पयोधरविस्तारयितृकमात्मनो यौवनमुपालभस्व मां किमुपालभसे Ś.1; रहस्युपालभ्यत चन्द्रशेखरः Ku.5.58; R.7.44; Śi. 9.6; Bk.3.3,6.125. -2 To obtain (Ved.). -3 तं यदि स्वरेषूपालभेत Ch. Up.2.22.3. -3 To lay hold of, seize (a sacrificial animal). उपालम्भः upālambhḥ म्भनम् mbhanam उपालम्भः म्भनम् 1 Abuse, taunt, censure; अस्या महदुपालम्भनं गतो$स्मि Ś.5; तवोपालम्भे पतितास्मि M.1 laid myself open to your censure; उचितस्तदुपालम्भः U.3. -2 Delaying, putting off. -3 Escorting, conducting; केचिदस्मदुपालम्भे मतिं चक्रुर्हि तापसाः Mb.5.176.2. | | | ṛkṣīka | ऋक्षीक a. Carnivorous like a bear. -का N. of evil deity; ऋक्षीकां रक्षो अप बाधयास्मत् Av.12.1.49. | | | lṝ | लॄ f. A mother, a divine female. -m. Śiva. -f. = लृ. cf. लॄर्महात्मा सुरो बालो भूपः स्तोमः कथानकः (वक्ता) । मूर्खो शिश्नो गुदः कक्षा केशः पापरतो नरः ॥ Enm. एकान्वयो मम Ś.7; मनस्येकं वचस्येकं कर्मण्येकं महात्मनाम् H.1.197. -4 Firm, unchanged; एको ग्रहस्तु Pt.1.26. -5 Single of its kind, unique, singular. -6 Chief, supreme, prominent, sole; ब्राह्मण्यास्तद्धरेत्पुत्र एकांशं वै पितुर्धनात् Mb.13.47.11. ˚पार्थिव, ˚धनुर्धरः, ˚ऐश्वर्य M.1.1 sole sovereignty; एको रागिषु राजते Bh.3.121. -7 Peerless, matchless. -8 one of two or many; Me.3. एकः सख्यास्तव सह मया वामपादाभिलाषी Me.8. -9 Oft. used like the English indefinite article 'a', or 'an'; ज्योतिरेकम् Ś.5.3. -1 True. -11 Little. Oft. used in the middle of comp. in the sense of 'only', with an adjectival or adverbial force; दोषैकदृक् looking only to faults; त्वदेकेषु Ku.3.15 your arrow only; so भोगैकबद्धस्पृहः. एकः-अन्यः, or अपरः the onethe other; अजामेकां लोहित ... नमामः । अजो ह्येको ... अजोन्यः Śvet. Up.4.5; it is used in the plural in the sense of some, its correlative being अन्ये or अपरे (others); एके समूहुर्बलरेणुसंहतिं शिरोभिराज्ञामपरे महीभृतः ॥ Śi.12.45; see अन्य, अपर also. -कः N. of Viṣṇu. the ऴSupreme Being or Prajāpati; एक इति च प्रजापतेरभिधानमिति । ŚB. on MS. 1.3.13. (-कम्) 1 The mind; एकं विनिन्ये स जुगोप सप्त सप्तैव तत्याज ररक्ष पञ्च Bu. Ch.2.41. -2 unity, a unit; Hch. -का N. of Durgā. [cf. Persian yak; L. aequus]. -Comp. -अंशः a separate part, part in general. विष्टभ्याह- मिदं कृत्स्नमेकांशेन स्थितो जगत् Bg.1.42. एकांशश्च प्रधानतः Ms. 9.15. -अक्ष a. 1 having only one axle. द्विचक्रमेकाक्षम् (रथम्) Bhāg.4.26.1. -2 having one eye. -3 having an excellent eye. (-क्षः) 1 a crow. -2 N. of Śiva. -अक्षर a. monosyllabic. ओमित्येकाक्षरं ब्रह्म Bg.8.13. (-रम्) 1 a monosyllable. -2 the sacred syllable; ओम्; एकाक्षरं परं ब्रह्म Ms.2.83. -3 The sole imperishable thing; एका- क्षरमभिसंभूय Av.5.28.8. -4 N. of an Upaniṣad. ˚कोशः a vocabulary of monosyllabic words by Puruṣottama-deva. ˚रीभावः the production of only one syllable, contraction. -अग्नि a. Keeping only one fire; Āpastamba Dharma Sūtra 2.21.21. (-कः) one and the same fire. -अग्र a. 1 fixed on one object or point only. -2 closely attentive, concentrated, intent; तद्गीतश्रवणैकाग्रा R.15.66; K.49; कच्चिदेतच्छ्रुतं पार्थ त्वयैकाग्रेण चेतसा Bg.18.72; मनुमे- काग्रमासीनम् Ms.1.1. -3 unperplexed. -4 known, celebrated. -5 single-pointed. (-ग्रः) (in Math.) the whole of the long side of a figure which is subdivided. ˚चित्त, ˚मनस् a. with a concentrated mind, with undivided attention. ˚चित्तम्, ˚चित्तता intentness of purpose, concentration of mind; तत्रैकाग्रं मनःकृत्वा Bg.6.12;18.72. °reeदृष्टि a. fixing one's eye on one spot. -अग्ऱ्य = ˚अग्र. (-ग्ऱ्यम्) concentration. -अङ्गः 1 a body-guard. -2 the planet Mercury or Mars. -3 N. of Viṣṇu. ˚वधः Mutilation of a limb; Kau. A.4. -4 Having a unique or beautiful shape. (-अङ्गम्) 1 a single member or part. -2 sandal wood. -3 the head. (-ङ्गौ) a married couple. (-ङ्गी) Incomplete; ˚रूपक incomplete, simile. -अञ्जलिः A handful. -अङ्गिका preparation made with sandal-wood. -अण्डः a kind of horse. -अधिपतिः a sole monarch or sovereign. -अनंशा the only (day) receiving no part of the moon, an epithet of Kuhū or day of new moon (born together with Kṛiṣṇa and worshipped with Kṛiṣ&na and Bala-deva and identified with Durgā). -अनुदिष्ट a. 1 left as a funeral feast or one who has recently partaken in it. (-ष्टम्) a funeral ceremony performed for only one ancestor (recently dead); see एकोद्दिष्ट; यावदेकानुदिष्टस्य गन्धो लेपश्च तिष्ठति Ms.4.111. -अन्त a. 1 solitary, retired. -2 aside, apart. -3 directed towards one point or object only. -4 excessive, great; ˚शैत्यात्- कदलीविशेषाः Ku.1.36. -5 worshipping only one; devoted to only one (एकनिष्ठ); एकान्तजनप्रियः Bhāg.8.24.31. -6 absolute, invariable, perpetual; स्वायत्तमेकान्तगुणम् Bh.2.7; कस्यैकान्तं सुखमुपगतम् Me.111. (-तः) 1 a lonely or retired place, solitude; तासामेकान्तविन्यस्ते शयानां शयने द्युमे Rām.5.1.5. व्योम˚ विहारिणः Pt.2.2; H.1.49. -2 exclusiveness. -3 an invariable rule or course of conduct or action; तस्मादेकान्तमासाद्य Pt.3.7. -4 exclusive aim or boundary. (-तम्) an exclusive recourse, a settled rule or principle; तेजः क्षमा वा नैकान्तं काल- ज्ञस्य महीपतेः Śi.2.83. (-तम्, -तेन, -ततः, -ते) ind. 1 solely, exclusively, invariably, always, absolutely, युद्धे नैकान्तेन भवेज्जयः Mb.5.64.27. -2 exceeding, quite, wholly, very much; वयमप्येकान्ततो निःस्पृहाः Bh.3.24; दुःखमेकान्ततो वा Me.111; oft. in comp.; ˚विध्वंसिन् sure or destined to perish; R.2.57; ˚भीरु Mu. 3.5 always timid; so एकान्तकरुण very weak &c. -3 alone, apart, privately. ˚भूत being alone or solitary; विलोक्यैकान्तभूतानि भूतान्यादौ प्रजापतिः Bhāg.6.18.3. ˚मति a. devoted to one object only. ˚विहारिन् a. a solitary wanderer. ˚सुषमा 'containing exclusively good years', a division of time with Jainas. ˚स्थित a. staying or remaining apart. -अन्तर a. next but one, separated by one remove; द्वन्द्वं दक्षमरीचिसंभवमिदं तत्स्रष्टुरेकान्तरम् Ś.7.27; V.1. (-रः) a kind of fever. -अन्तिक a. final, conclusive. -अन्तित्वम् devotion to one object. -अन्तिन् a. devoted to one object only; अहो अत्यद्भुतं ह्येतद् दुर्लभैकान्ति- नामपि Bhāg.7.1.15. -m. a worshipper of Viṣṇu. -अन्नम् one and the same food. (-न्नः), -˚आदिन् 1 a mess-mate. -2 one who lives on the alms from only one house; नैकान्नादी भवेद् व्रती Ms.2.188. -अपचयः, अपायः Diminution by one. -अब्दा a heifer one year old. -अयन a. 1 passable for only one (as a foot-path) Mb.3. -2 fixing one's thoughts on one object, closely attentive, intent; see एकाग्र. (-नम्) 1 a lonely or retired place; एकायनगतः पथि Mb.1.176.5; Rām. 3.67.23. -2 a meeting-place, rendezvous. सर्वासामपां समुद्र एकायनम् Bṛi. Up.2.4.11. -3 union of thoughts. -4 monotheism. -5 the sole object; सा स्नेहस्य एकायनीभूता M.2.14; एकायनीभूय Mv.4 with one accord, unanimously. -6 one and the same way, similarity; एकमेवायनगताः प्लवमाना गिरेर्गिरम् Rām.4.2.9. -7 Worldly wisdom (नीतिशास्त्र); नाम वै एकायनम् Ch. Up.7.1.2. ˚गत = एकायन q. v. तरुणः सुकृतैर्युक्त एकायनगतश्च ह Mb.7.12.22. ˚स्थः With only one resource open, driven to extremity; शूरश्चैकायनस्थश्च किमन्यत्प्रतिपद्यते Pratijñā.1.7. -अर्णवः general flood, universal deluge; अयं ह्युत्सहते क्रुद्धः कर्तुमे- कार्णवं जगत् Rām.5.49.2. -अर्थ a. 1 having one and the same meaning, having the same object in view; राजन्यकान्युपायज्ञैरेकार्थानि चरैस्तव Śi.2.114. -2 (Rhet.) Tautological (as a sentence); Kāvyālaṅkāravṛitti. 2.1.11. (-र्थः) 1 the same thing, object, or intention. -2 the same meaning. -3 N. of a glossary (of synonymous words); cf. एकार्थनाममाला. -अवम a. inferior or less by one. -अवयव a. made up of the same components. -अशीत or ˚तितम a. eighty-first. -अशीतिः f. eighty-one. -अष्टका 1 the first or chief Aṣṭakā after the full moon; एकाष्टके सुप्रजसः सुवीरा Av.3.1.5. -2 the eighth day of the dark fortnight in the month of Māgha (on which a श्राद्ध is to be performed). -अष्ठीका (ला) The root of the trumpet-flower (Mar. पहाडमूळ). -अष्ठील a. having one kernel. (-लः) N. of a plant (बकवृक्ष); A white variety of Gigantic swallowwort (Mar. रुईमांदार). -अहन् (ह) 1 the period of one day. -2 a sacrifice lasting for one day. ˚गमः, ˚अध्वा a day's journey. -आतपत्र a. characterized by only one umbrella (showing universal sovereignty); एकातपत्रं जगतः प्रभुत्वम् R.2.47. ˚त्रां भुवम् 18.4; K.26; Śi.12. 33; V.3.19. -आत्मन् a. depending solely on one-self, solitary. -आदेशः cf. Sk. on P.VI.1.11. one substitute for two or more letters (got by either dropping one vowel, or by the blending of both); as the आ in एकायन. -आयु a. 1 providing the most excellent food. -2 the first living being. एकायुरग्रे विश आविवाससि Rv.1.31.5. -आवलिः, -ली f. 1 a single string of pearls, beads &c.; सूत्रमेकावली शुद्धा Kau. A.2.11. एका- वली कण्ठविभूषणं वः Vikr.1.3; लताविटपे एकावली लग्ना V.1. -2 (in Rhetoric) Necklace-a series of statements in which there is a regular transition from a predicate to a subject, or from a subject to a predicate; स्थाप्यते$पोह्यते वापि यथापूर्वं परस्परम् । विशेषणतया यत्र वस्तु सैकावली द्विधा ॥ K. P.1; cf. Chandr.5.13-4; नेत्रे कर्णान्तविश्रान्ते कर्णो दोःस्तम्भदोलितौ &c. and Bk.2.19. -आहार्य a. having the same food; making no difference between allowed and forbidden food; एकहार्यं युगं सर्वम् Mb.3.19.41. -उक्तिः f. a single ｅxpression or word. -उत्तर a. greater or increasing by one. -उदकः (a relative) connected by the offering of funeral libations of water to the same deceased ancestor; जन्मन्येकोदकानां तु त्रिरात्राच्छुद्धिरिष्यते Ms.5.71. -उदरः, -रा uterine, (brother or sister). -उदात्त a. having one Udātta accent. -उद्दिष्टम् a Śrāddha or funeral rite performed for one definite individual deceased, not including other ancestors; see एकानुदिष्ट. -ऊन a. less by one, minus one. -ऋच् a. consisting of one verse (ऋच्). (-चम्) A Sūkta of one verse only; Av.19.23.2. -एक a. one by one, one taken singly, a single one; एकैकमप्यनर्थाय किमु यत्र चतुष्टयम् H. Pr.11; R.17.43. (-कम्), -एकैकशः, ind. one by one, singly, severally एकैकमत्र दिवसे दिवसे Ś.6.11; ˚कं निर्दिशन् Ś.7 pointing to each severally. -श्यम् (एककश्यम्) Single state, severally एकैकश्येनानुपूर्वं भूत्वा भूत्वेह जायते Bhāg.7.15.51. -˚श्येन (instrumental used as an adv.) individually, singly, one by one. ते यदि एकैकश्येनापि कुर्वन्ति तथापि सत्रक्रियामभिसमीक्ष्य बहव एव कुर्वन्तीति बहुवचनं भविष्यति । ŚB on MS.1.6.45. -ओघः 1 a continuous current. -2 A single flight (of arrows); एकौघेन स्वर्णपुङ्खैर्द्विषन्तः (आकिरन्ति स्म) Śi. 18.55. -कपाल a. consisting of or contained in one cup. -कर a. (-री f.) 1 doing only one thing. -2 (-रा) one-handed. -3 one-rayed. -कार्य a. 1 acting in concert with, co-operating, having made common cause with; co-worker; अस्माभिः सहैककार्याणाम् Mu.2; R.1.4. -2 answering the same end. -3 having the same occupation. (-र्यम्) sole or same business. -कालः 1 one time. -2 the same time, (-लम्, -ले) ind. at one time, at one and the same time; एककालं चरेद्भैक्षम् Ms.6.55. ˚भोजनम् eating but one meal in any given time. -कालिकम् once a day; तेभ्यो लब्धेन भैक्ष्येण वर्तयन्नेककालिकम् Ms.11.123. -कालीन a. 1 happening once only; -2 Contemporary, coeval. -कुण्डलः (लिन्) N. of Kubera; of Balabhadra and Śeṣa; गर्गस्रोतो महातीर्थमाजगामैककुण्डली Mb.9.37.14. cf. एककुण्डल आख्यातो बलरामे धनाधिपे Medini. -कुष्ठम् a kind of leprosy; कृष्णारुणं येन भवे- च्छरीरं तदेककुष्ठं प्रवदन्त्यसाध्यम् Suśr. -क्षीरम् the milk of one (nurse &c.). -गम्यः the supreme spirit. -गुरु, गुरुक a. having the same preceptor. (-रुः, -रुकः) a spiritual brother (pupil of the same preceptor). -ग्राम a. living in the same village. (-मः) the same village. -ग्रामीण a. Inhabiting the same village; नैकग्रामीणमतिथिम् Ms.3.13. -चक्र a. 1 having only one wheel. (said of the sun's chariot); सप्त युञ्जन्ति रथमेक- चक्रम् Rv.1.164.2. -2 governed by one king only. (-क्रः) the chariot of the sun. ˚वर्तिन् m. sole master of the whole universe, universal monarch. (-क्रा) N. of the town Kīchakas. -चत्वारिंशत् f. forty-one. -चर a. 1 wandering or living alone, alone; अयमेकचरो$ भिवर्तते माम् Ki.13.3;3.53. Kau. A.1.18. स्वच्छन्दमेकचरं Mudrā. -2 having one attendant. -3 living unassisted. -4 going together or at the same time. -5 gregarious. -6 (Said of certain animals); न भक्षयेदेकचरान् Ms.5.17; Bhāg.5.8.18. (-रः) 1 a rhinoceros. -2 An ascetic (यति); नाराजके जनपदे चरत्येकचरो वशी Rām.2.67.23. -चरण a. having only one foot. -चारिन् a. 1 living alone, solitary. -2 going alone or with one follower only. -3 An attendant of Buddha. (-णी) a loyal wife. -चित्त a. thinking of one thing only, absorbed in one object. (-त्तम्) 1 fixedness of thought upon one object. -2 unanimity एकचित्तीभूय H.1 unanimously; ˚ता fixedness of mind, agreement, unanimity. -चिन्तनम् thinking of only one object. -चिन्मय a. Consisting of intelligence; Rāmt. Up. -चेतस्, -मनस् a. unanimous; see ˚चित्त. -चोदन a. Resting upon one rule. (-नम्) referring to in the singular number. -च्छत्र a. Ruled by one king solely. -च्छायाश्रित a. Involved in similarity (of debt) with one debtor (said of a surety); Y.2.56. -ज a. 1 born alone or single. -2 growing alone (a tree); महानप्येकजो वृक्षो बलवान्सुप्रतिष्ठितः Pt.3.54. -3 alone of its kind. -4 uniform, unchanging. -जः, -जा a brother or sister of the same parents. -जटा N. of a goddess उग्रतारा. -जन्मन् m. 1 a king. -2 a Śūdra; see ˚जाति below. -जात a. born of the same parents; Ms.9.148. -जाति a. 1 once born. -2 belonging to the same family or caste. (-तिः) a Śūdra (opp. द्विजन्मन्); ब्राह्मणः क्षत्रियो वैश्यस्त्रयो वर्णा द्विजातयः । चतुर्थ एकजातिस्तु शूद्रो नास्ति तु पञ्चमः ॥ Ms.1.4;8.27. -जातीय a. of the same kind, species or family. ˚अनुसमयः performance of one detail with reference to all things or persons, then doing the second, then the third and so on (see पदार्थानुसमय) Ms.5.2.1-2. -जीववादः (in phil.) the assertion of a living soul only. -ज्या the chord of an arc; sine of 3˚. -ज्योतिस् m. N. of Śiva. -तान a. concentrated or fixed on one object only, closely attentive; ब्रह्मैकतानमनसो हि वसिष्ठमिश्राः Mv.3.11. (-नः) 1 attention fixed on one object only; A. Rām.6.2.2. -2 musical harmony, = ˚तालः -ताल a. Having a single palm tree; एकताल एवोत्पातपवनप्रेरितो गिरिः R.15.23. -तालः harmony, accurate adjustment of song, dance, and instrumental music (cf. तौर्यत्रिकम्). -लम् A kind of sculptural measurement. (-ली) an instrument for beating time, any instrument having but one note. -तीर्थिन् a. 1 bathing in the same holy water. -2 belonging to the same religious order; क्रमेणाचार्यसच्छिष्य- धर्मभ्रात्रेकतीर्थिनः Y.2.137. -m. a fellow student, spiritual brother. -तेजन a. Ved. having only one shaft (an arrow). -त्रिंशत् f. thirty-one; ˚त्रिंश 31st. -त्रिकः a kind of sacrifice performed in or lasting for a day. -दंष्ट्रः, -दन्तः one-tusked", epithets of Gaṇeśa (एकदंष्ट्रः) A kind of fever. -दण्डिन् m. 1 N. of a class of Sannyāsins or beggars (otherwise called हंस). They are divided into four orders :-कुटीचको बहूदको हंसश्चैव तृतीयकः । चतुर्थः परहंसश्च यो यः पश्चात्स उत्तमः ॥ Hārita. -2 N. of a Vedantic school. -दलः, -पत्रः N. of a plant (चन्डालकन्द). -दिश् a. living in the same region or quarter. -दुःखसुख a. sympathising, having the same joys and sorrows. -दृश्, -दृष्टि a. one-eyed. -m. 1 a crow. -2 N. of Śiva. -3 a philosopher. -दृश्य a. the sole object of vision, alone being worthy of being seen. तमेकदृश्यं नयनैः पिबन्त्यो Ku.7.64. -दृष्टिः f. fixed or steady look. -देवः the Supreme god. -देवत, -दे(दै)वत्य a. devoted, directed or offered to one deity. -देश a. occupying the same place. (-शः) 1 one spot or place. -2 a part or portion (of the whole), one side; ˚अवतीर्णा K.22; तस्यैकदेशः U.4; Mv.2; विभावितैकदेशेन देयं यदभियुज्यते V.4.33 'what is claimed should be given by one who is proved to have got a part of it'; (this is sometimes called एकदेशविभावितन्याय) ˚क्षाण a. partly burnt. एकदेशक्षाणमपि क्षाणमेव । ŚB. on MS.6.4.18. -देशिन् a. consisting of parts or portions divided into parts. -m. A disputant knowing only part of the true state of the case. -देह, -देहिन् a. 1 having only one body. -2 elegantly formed. (-हः) 1 the planet Mercury. -2 (du.) Husband and wife. -धनः a kind of jug with which water is taken up at certain religious ceremonies. (-नम्) 1 an excellent gift. -2 honorific offering. -धनिन् a. obtaining an honorific offering, -धर्मन्, -धर्मिन् a. 1 possessing the same properties of the same kind. -2 professing the same religion. -धुर, -धुरावह, -धुरीण a. 1 fit for but one kind of labour. -2 fit for but one yoke (as cattle for special burden; P.IV.4.79). -धुरा a particular load or conveyance. -नक्षत्रम् a lunar mansion consisting of only one star. -नटः the principal actor in a drama, the manager (सूत्रधार) who recites the prologue. -नयनः The planet Venus. -नवतः ninety-first. -नवतिः f. ninety-one. -नाथ a. having one master. (-थः) 1 sole master or lord. -2 N. of an author. -नायकः N. of Śiva. -निश्चय a. come to the same conclusion or resolution, having the same aim. (-यः) general agreement or conclusion, unanimity. -निपातः A particle which is a single word. -निष्ठ a. 1 intently devoted or loyal (to one thing). -2 intently fixed on one object. -नेत्रः 1 N. of Śiva; (one-eyed). -2 (With Śaivas) one of the eight forms of Vidyeśvara. -पक्ष a. 1 of the same side or party, an associate. -2 partial. (-क्षः) one side or party; ˚आश्रयविक्लवत्वात् R.14.34; ˚क्षे in one point of view, in one case. -पक्षीभावः The state of being the one alternative. -पञ्चाशत् f. fifty-one. -पतिक a. having the same husband. -पत्नी 1 a faithful wife (perfectly chaste); तां चावश्यं दिवसगणनातत्परामेकपत्नीम् Me.1. -2 the wife of a man who has no other wives; यो धर्म एकपत्नीनां काङ्क्षन्ती तमनुत्तमम् Ms.5.158. -3 the wife of the same man; a co-wife; सर्वासामेकपत्नीनामेका चेत्पुत्रिणी भवेत् Ms.9. 183. ˚व्रतम् a vow of perfect chastity; कामेकपत्नीव्रतदुःख- शीलाम् Ku.3.7. -पत्रिका the plant Ocimum Gratissimum (गन्धपत्रा; Mar. नागदवणी) -पद्, -पाद् a. 1 one-footed, limping, lame. -2 incomplete. (-पाद्) m. N. of Śiva or Viṣṇu. (-पदी) a foot-path (for a single man to walk on). एकपद्या तया यान्ती नलिकायन्त्रतुल्यया Śiva. B.28.66 -पद a. 1 one-footed. -2 consisting of or named in one word. (-दम्) 1 a single step. -2 single or simple word. -3 the time required to pronounce a single word. -4 present time, same time; (-दः) 1 a man having one foot. -2 a kind of coitus (रतिबन्ध). (-दे) ind. suddenly, all at once, abruptly; निहन्त्यरीनेकपदे य उदात्तः स्वरानिव Śi.2.95; R.8.48; K.45; V.4.3. (-दा) a verse consisting of only one Pāda or quarter stanza. (-दी) 1 a woman having one foot. -2 a Gāyatrī consisting of one Pāda. गायत्र्यस्येकपदी Bṛi. Up.5.14.7. -3 Foot-path (Mar. पाऊलवाट); इयमेकपदी राजन्यतो मे पितुराश्रमः Rām. 2.63.44. -पर a. Ved. an epithet of the dice in which one is decisive or of pre-eminent importance. -परि ind. one over or under, (a term at dice; cf. अक्षपरि). अक्षस्याह- मेकहरस्य हेतोः Rv.1.34.2. -पर्णा 1 N. of a younger sister of Durgā. -2 N. of Durgā. -3 a plant having one leaf only. -पलाशः a. a single Butea Frondosa. -पाटला N. of a younger sister of Durgā; N. of Durgā. -पाणः a single wager. -पात a. happening at once, sudden. -तः The first word of a Mantra (प्रतीक). -पतिन् a. 1 sudden. -2 standing alone or solitary. (-नी) i. e. ऋक् a verse to be taken by itself or independently of the hymn to which it belongs. -पाद a. 1 having only one foot; तत्र शिश्रिये$ज एकपादः Av.13.1.6. -2 using only one foot. (-दः) 1 one or single foot. -2 one and the same Pāda. -3 N. of Viṣṇu and Śiva. -पादिका a kind of posture of birds. -पार्थिवः Sole ruler or king; न केवलं तद्गुरुरेक- पार्थिवः R.3.31. -पिङ्गः, -पिङ्गलः N. of Kubera; having a yellow mark in place of one eye; (his eye was so made on account of a curse uttered by Pārvatī when he cast an evil eye at her;) Dk.2.4. -पिण्ड a. united by the offering of the funeral rice-ball; ˚ता, -त्वम् consanguinity. -पुत्र a. having only one son. -पुरुषः 1 the Supreme Being; वेदान्तेषु यमाहुरेकपुरुषम् V.1.1; -2 the chief person. a. Consisting of only one man. तथैकपुरुषं राष्ट्रम् Bhāg.6.5.7. -पुष्कलः (रः) N. of a musical instrument (Mar. काहल); ततः प्रयाते दाशार्हे प्रावाद्यन्तैकपुष्कराः Mb.5.94.21. -प्रकार a. of the same kind. -प्रख्य a. singularly like. -प्रभुत्वम् sole sovereignty. -प्रयत्नः one effort (of the voice). -प्रस्थः a measure. -प्रहारिक a. killed by one blow. Mk.8. -प्राणयोगः union in one breath. -बुद्धि a. having only one thought. -भक्त a. 1 serving one master only. -2 worshipping one deity. -3 eating together. (-भूक्तम्) N. of a religious ceremony; eating but one meal (a day) Mb.3; Y.3.318. ˚व्रतम् eating but once a day as a religious observance. -भक्ति a. 1 believing in one deity. -2 firmly devoted; तेषां ज्ञानी नित्ययुक्त एकभक्तिर्विशिष्यते Bg.7. 17. -f. eating but one meal a day. -भार्या a faithful or chaste wife. तामेकभार्यां परिवादभीरोः R.14.86 (-र्यः) one having one wife only. -भाव a. of the same or one nature. -2 sincerely devoted. -3 honest, sincerely disposed. (-वः) 1 one feeling, the same or unchanged devotion; दुर्ग्राह्यत्वान्नृपतिमनसां नैकभावाश्रयाणां सेवाधर्मः परमगहनः Pt.1.285;3.65. स्वतेजसा सत्त्वगुणप्रवाहमात्मैकभावेन भजध्वमद्धा Bhāg. -2 oneness, agreement. cf. एको भावः सदा शस्तो यतीनां भवितात्मनाम् -भूत a. 1 being one, undivided -2 concentrated, closely attentive. -भूमः a palace having one floor. -भोजन, -भुक्त a. 1 eating but one meal. -2 eating in common. -मति a. 1 fixed on one object. -2 unanimous, thinking in the same way. -मनस् a. thinking with another, of one thought; ते निर्यान्तु मया सहैकमनसो येषामभीष्टं यशः Mu.2.13. -2 fixing the mind upon one object, closely attentive; गच्छन्तमेकमनसम् Mb.1.42.36. एकमनाः श्रोतुमर्हति देवः M.2. -मात्र a. of one syllable. -मुख a. 1 having the face directed towards one place, direction of object; सहस्रं स एकमुखो ददाति Av.9.4.9. -2 having the same aim. -3 having one chief or head; द्यूतमेकमुखं कार्यम् Y.2.23. -4 having one door or entrance (as a मण्डप). (-खम्) 1 gambling. -2 a kind of fruit (रुद्राक्षफल). -मूर्धन् = ˚मुख q. v. Av.8.9.15. -मूला = अतसी q. v. -यष्टिः, -यष्टिका a single string of pearls. -योनि a. 1 uterine. -2 of the same family or caste; एतद्विधानं विज्ञेयं विभाग- स्यैकयोनिषु Ms.9.148. -रजः the plant भृङ्गराज (Mar. माका). -रथः An eminent warrior; Mb.3. -रश्मि a. Lustrous Mb.4. -रस a. 1 finding pleasure only in one thing, of one flavour; रसान्तराण्येकरसं यथा दिव्यं पयो$श्नुते R.1.17. -2 of one feeling or sentiment only; साहस˚ U.5.21 influenced only by rashness; विक्रम˚ K.7; भावैकरसं मनः Ku.5.82; M.3.1; Bv.2.155; Śi.6.26; V.1.9. -3 of one tenor, stable, equable; Māl.4.7; U.4.15. -4 solely or exclusively devoted (to one); अबलैकरसाः R.9.43,8.65. (-सः) 1 oneness of aim or feeling. -2 the only flavour or pleasure. (-सम्) a drama of one sentiment. -राज्, -राजः m. an absolute king; प्राङ् विशाम्पतिरेकराट् त्वं वि राज Av.3.4.1. a. Shining alone, alone visible; स वा एष तदा द्रष्टा नाप- श्यद् दृश्यमेकराट् Bhāg.3.5.24. -रात्रः a ceremony lasting one night. (-त्रम्) one night; एकरात्रं तु निवसन्नतिथिर्ब्राह्मणः स्मृतः Ms.3.12. -रात्रिक a. lasting or sufficient for one night only. -राशिः 1 a heap, crowd. -2 a sign of the zodiac. ˚भूत a. collected or heaped together. -रिक्थिन् m. a coheir; यद्येकरिक्थिनौ स्यातामौरसक्षेत्रजौ सुतौ Ms.9.162. -रूप a. 1 of one form or kind, like, similar; आसवः प्रतिपदं प्रमदानां नैकरूपरसतामिव भेजे Ki.9.55. -2 uniform, one-coloured; Rv.1.169.2. (-पम्) 1 one form or kind; -2 The knowledge of reality. विमोचयत्येकरूपेण Sāṅ. K.63. ˚ता uniformity, invariableness; क्षणद्युतीनां दधुरेकरूपताम् Ki.8.2. -रूप्य a. formed or arising from one. -लिङ्गः 1 a word having one gender only. -2 N. of Kubera. (-ङ्गम्) a place in which for five krośas there is but one लिङ्ग (Phallus); पञ्चक्रोशान्तरे यत्र न लिङ्गान्तरमीक्ष्यते । तदेकलिङ्गमाख्यातं तत्र सिद्धिरनुत्तमा ॥ Śabdak. -वचनम् the singular number. -वर्ण a. 1 of one colour. -2 identical, same. -3 of one tribe or caste. -4 involving the use of one letter (˚समीकरण). (-र्णः) 1 one form. -2 a Brāhmaṇa. -3 a word of one syllable. -4 a superior caste. (-र्णी) beating time, the instrument (castanet); ˚समीकरणम् an equation involving one unknown quantity. -वर्णिक a. 1 of one colour. -2 of one caste. -वर्षिका a heifer one year old. -वस्त्र, -वसन a. having only one garment, in one dress (without उत्तरीय). (-स्त्रम्) a single garment. -वाक्यम् one or unanimous opinion; एकवाक्यं विवव्रः R.6.85 raised a unanimous cry; ˚ता consistency in meaning, unanimity, reconciling different statements, syntactical unity; प्रकरणाच्च ज्योतिष्टोमेनैकवाक्यता स्यात् । ŚB. on MS.1. 5.37. -वाक्यकृ 8 U. To effect syntactical unity, to construe as one sentence. तस्मात् प्रकृतानां ... देवतानामन्यतमया देवतया प्रकृतत्वादेकवाक्यतां कृत्वा देवतामवगमिष्यामः । ŚB. on MS.1. 8.5. -वाक्यया 2 P. (with instrumental) To form one sentence with, to be syntactically connected with; न वै कृतं कर्म प्राकृतैरङ्गपदार्थैः सहैकवाक्यतां याति । ŚB. on MS.1. 1.2. ˚त्वम् syntactical unity. The state of forming or being one sentence; एकवाक्यत्वाच्च । Ms.1.1.8. -वाचक a. Synonymous. -वादः 1 a kind of drum or tabor (Mar. डफ). -2 the unitarian doctrine, monotheism. -वारम्, -वारे ind. 1 only once. -2 at once, suddenly. -3 at one time. -वासस् a. Clothed in only one garment. -वासा A woman; Nigh. -विंश a. twenty-first; consisting of twentyone. (-शः) the Ekaviṁśa-ṣ&tod;oma; Av.8.9.2. -विंशक a. The twentyfirst; दश पूर्वान्परान् वंश्यानात्मानं चैकविंशकम् । ब्राह्मीपुत्रः सुकृतकृन्मोचयेदेनसः पितॄन् ॥ Ms.3.37. -कम् The number twentyone; Y.3.224. -विंशतिः f. twentyone. -विजयः Complete victory; Kau. A.12. -विध a. of one kind; simple. -विलोचन a. one-eyed; see एकदृष्टि. -विषयिन् m. a rival (having a common object or end in view). -वीरः a pre-eminent warrior or hero; धर्म˚ Mv.5.48. -रा N. of a daughter of Śiva, a deity. -वृक्षः 1 one tree. -2 a district in which but one tree is seen for 4 Krośas. -वृत f. heaven. -वृन्दम 1 a peculiar disease of the throat. -2 one heap or collection. -वृषः Ved. the chief bull; the best or most excellent of a number. -वेणिः, -णी f. a single braid of hair (worn by a woman as a mark of her separation from her husband &c.); गण्डाभोगात्कठिनविषमामेकवेणीं करेण Me.93; ˚धरा Ś.7; धृत˚ Ś.7.21. -वेश्मन् n. a solitary house or room; विप्रदुष्टां स्त्रियं भर्ता निरुन्ध्यादेकवेश्मनि Ms.11.176. -व्यवसायिन् a. following the same profession. -व्याव- हारिकाः N. of a Buddhist school. -शत a. 11 st. (-तम्) 11; अत्रैतदेकशतं नाडीनां Prasna. Up.3.6. -शक a. whole-hoofed. (-फः) an animal whose hoof is not cloven (as a horse, ass &c.); अजाविकं सैकशफं न जातु विषमं भजेत् Ms.9.119. -शरणम् the sole recourse or refuge (especially applied to a deity). -शरीर a. of one body or blood, consanguineous. ˚अन्वयः consanguineous descent. ˚अवयवः a descendant in a right line, blood-kinsman. ˚आरम्भः commencement of consanguinity by the union of father and mother. -शल्यः A kind of fish; Rām.5.11.17. -शाख a. having one branch. (-खः) a Brāhmaṇa of the same branch or school. -शायिन् a. Sleeping alone, chaste; Mb.13. -शाला A single hall or room; (-लम् A house consisting of one hall; Matsya P. -शीर्षन् = ˚मुख q. v. Av.13.4.6. -शुङ्ग a. having one sheath. (-ङ्गा) N. of a medicinal plant. -शुल्कम् one and the same purchase money (given to the parents of a bride); अन्यां चेद्दर्शयित्वा$न्या वोढुः कन्या प्रदीयते । उभे ते एकशुल्केन वहेदित्यब्रवीन्मनुः ॥ Ms.8.24. -शृङ्ग a. having only one horn. (-ङ्गः) 1 a unicorn; rhinoceros. -2 N. of Viṣṇu. -3 a class of Pitṛis. -4 a mountain having one top. -शेपः a tree having one root. -शेषः 'the remainder of one', a species of Dvandva compound in which one of two or more words only is retained; e. g. पितरौ father and mother, parents, (= मातापितरौ); so श्वशुरौः, भ्रातरः &c. -श्रुत a. once heard. ˚धर a. keeping in mind what one has heard once. -श्रुतिः f. 1 monotony. -2 the neutral accentless tone. (-ति) ind. in a monotonous manner. -श्रुष्टि a. Ved. obedient to one command. -षष्ट a. sixty-first. -षष्टिः f. sixty-one. ˚तम a. sixty first. -संस्थ a. dwelling in one place; R.6.29. -सप्तत, ˚तितम् a. seventy-first. -सप्ततिः f. seventy-one. -सभम् a common place of meeting. -सर्ग a. closely attentive. (-र्गः) concentration. -सहस्रम् 11 or one thousand; वृषभैकसहस्रा गा दद्यात्सुचरितव्रतः Ms.11.127. -साक्षिक a. witnessed by one. -सार्थम् ind. together, in one company. -सूत्रम् N. of a small double drum played by a string and ball attached to the body of it (Mar. डमरू). -स्तोमः N. of Soma ceremony. -स्थ a. 1 being or centred in one place; in one man; ज्ञानमेकस्थमाचार्ये ...... शौर्यमेकस्थमाचार्ये Mb.7.188.45. Ku. 1.49; हन्तैकस्थं क्वचिदपि न ते चण्डि सादृश्यमस्ति Me.16. -2 close-standing, standing side by side. -3 collected, combined. -स्थानम् one or the same place; एकस्थाने प्रसूते वाक् Pt.4.5. -2 Standing closely; विपक्षेणापि मरुता यथैकस्थानवीरुधः Pt.3.53. -हंसः the chief or highest Haṁsa (an allegorical designation of the soul). हिरण्मयः पुरुष एकहंसः Bṛi. Up.4.3.11. -हायन a. one year old; त्रस्तैकहायनकुरङ्गविलोलदृष्टिः Māl.4.8; U.3.28. (-नी) a heifer one year old. (-नम्) the period of one year. | | | kakubha | ककुभ a. Ved. Distinguished, superior. -भः 1 A crooked piece of wood at the end of the lute. -2 The tree Arjuna; ककुभसुरभिः शैलः U.1.33. -3 A kind of goblin or evil spirit. -4 one of the Rāgas or personified musical modes. -भा 1 Space; quarter. -2 one of the Rāgiṇīs. -भम् A flower of the Kuṭaja tree; कालक्षेपं ककुभसुरभौ पर्वते पर्वते ते (उत्पश्यामि) -Comp. -अदनी 'food of the sky, a kind of fragrance or perfume. | | | kaṭu | कटु a. (टु or ट्वी f.) 1 Pungent, acrid; (said of a rasa or flavour; the rasas are six; मधुर, कटु, अम्ल, तिक्त, कषाय, and लवण); कट्वम्ललवणात्युष्णतीक्ष्णरूक्षविदाहिनः । आहारा राजसस्येष्टा दुःखशोकाभयप्रदाः ॥ Bg.17.9. -2 Fragrant, exhaling strong odour; सप्तच्छदक्षीरकटुप्रवाहम् R.5.48. -3 Ill-smelling, having a bad smell. -4 (a) Bitter. This sense is found qiven to the words कटु and कटुक in Prākrit and later sanskrit works; cf. अतिकटुः कारवेल्लादिः अतितीक्ष्णो मरिचादिः; अमृततरङ्गिणी on Bg.17.9,-नीलकण्ठ gives the same sense. -5 caustic (words); Y.3.142. (b) Disagreeable, unpleasant; श्रवणकटु नृपाणामेकवाक्यं विवव्रुः R.6.85. -6 Envious. -7 Hot, impetuous. -टुः 1 Pungency, acerbity (one of the six flavours). -2 N. of several plants. -टुः f. A medical plant (कटुरोहिणी). -टु n. 1 An improper action. -2 Blaming, reviling, scandal. -Comp. -अङ्गः 1 the श्योनाक tree (Mar. टेटृ). -2 N. of the king Dilīpa. -उत्कटम् ginger. -उदरी N. of a plant (Mar. वाघांटी). -कन्दः, -दम् 1 ginger, the fresh root or the plant. -2 garlic. -कीटः, -कीटकः a gnat, mosquito. -क्वाणः the टिट्टिभ bird. -ग्रन्थिः, -थि n. dried ginger; so ˚भङ्गः, ˚भद्रम् dried ginger or ginger. -चातुर्जातकम् an aggregate of four pungent substances, as of cardamoms, the bark and leaves of Laurus Cassia and of black pepper. -छदः the तगर tree. -ज a. prepared from acid substances. -तिक्तकः 1 the भूनिंब tree. -2 the शण tree. -तिक्ता = कटुतुम्बी. -तुम्बी a kind of bitter gourd. -तैलः White mustard; अभ्यङ्गः कटु तैलेन निर्वातस्थानबन्धनम् । Śālihotra of Bhoja 26. -त्रयम् a compound substance of ginger, black and long pepper. -दला = कर्कटी plant. -निष्प्लावः grain not inundated. (Mar. कडवा वाल). -पत्रः 1 N. of a medicinal plant (Mar. पित्तपापडा). -2 सितार्जक tree. -पत्रिका N. of a tree कारी. -पाक, -पाकिन् a. producing acid humors in digestion. -फलः a sort of cucumber. (-ला) N. of two plants, पटोल and श्रीवल्ली -बीजा long pepper. -भङ्गः, -भद्रः Dry ginger. -मञ्जरिका the अपामार्ग tree. -मोदम् a certain perfume. -ख a. having a harsh sound. (-वः) 1 a frog. -2 a harsh word or sound. -रोहिणी the कट्की plant. -विपाक a. producing acid humors in digestion -स्नेहः the mustard seed plant. | | | kaṇva | कण्व a. [कण् क्वन्] Ved. 1 Talented, intelligent. -2 Praising; प्र सक्षणो दिव्यः कण्वहोता Rv.5.41.4. -3 Fit to be praised or honoured; Rv.1.115.5. -4 Deaf. -ण्वः 1 N. of a renowned sage, foster-father of Śakuntalā and progenitor of the line of काण्व Brāhmaṇas. He was the author of several hymns of the Ṛig-veda. -2 (Ved.) A peculiar class of evil spirits against whom charms or hymns (Av.2.25) are used; गर्भादं कण्वं नाशय Av.2.25.3. -3 A praiser. -4 The founder of Vedic schools. -ण्वम् Sin, evil. -Comp. -उपनिषद् N. of an upaniṣad. -जम्भन a. consuming or destroying the evil spirits called Kaṇvas (?). -दुहितृ, -सुता Śakuntalā, Kaṇva's daughter. -सखिन् a. Ved. a friend of the Kaṇvas, friendly disposed to them; स इदग्निः कण्वतमः कण्वसखा Rv.1.115.5. -होतृ a. one whose priest is a Kaṇva; प्र सक्षणो दिव्यः कण्वहोता Rv.5.41.4. | | | katth | कत्थ् 1 Ā. (कत्थते, कत्थित) 1 To boast, swagger; कृत्वा कत्थिष्यते न कः Bk.16.4; कृत्वैतत्कर्मणा सर्वं कत्थेथाः Mb. -2 To praise, celebrate. -3 To flatter or coax -4 To abuse, revile. | | | kad | कद् ind. [कद्-क्विप] Ved. A particle of interrogation, 'where'. This particle which is a substitute for the word कु is often used as the first member of a comp. and expresses the senses of badness, littleness, deterioration, uselessness, defectiveness &c. of anything; नियच्छ मन्युं कददाः स्म मानः Bhāg.7.5.28. -Comp. -अक्षरम् 1 bad letter. -2 bad writing. -अग्निः a little fire. -अध्वन् a bad road. -अन्नम् bad food. -अपत्यम् a bad child, bad posterity. -अभ्यासः a bad habit or custom. -अर्थ a. 1 useless, unmeaning. -2 having what purpose or aim ? कदर्था न आ गृहम् Rv.1.22.6. (-र्थः) a useless thing. -अर्थनम्, -ना troubling, tormenting, torture. -अर्थयति Den. P. 1 to despise, slight. -2 to trouble, torment; रे कन्दर्प करं कदर्थयसि किं कोदण्ड- टङ्कारितैः Bh.3.1; N.8.75. -अर्थित a. 1 despised, disdained, slighted; कदर्थितस्यापि हि धैर्यवृत्तेर्न शक्यते धैर्यगुणः प्रमार्ष्टुम् Bh.2.16. -2 tormented, teased; आः कदर्थितो$- हमेभिर्वारंवारं वीरसंवादविघ्नकारिभिः U.5. -3 insignificant, mean. -4 bad, vile. -अर्थीकृ 8. U. to disdain, despise. -अर्थीकृत a. 1 despised, disdained. क्लेशैः कदर्थीकृतवीर्यसारः Ki.3.47. -2 rendered useless and unavailing. -अर्य a. 1 avaricious, miserly. -2 little, insignificant, mean. -3 bad, disagreeable; जनपदे न कदर्यो न मद्यपः Ch. Up. 5.11.5. निःसंशयं मया मन्ये पुरा वीरकदर्यया Rām.2.43.17. (-र्यः) a miser; Bhāg.11.23.6. Ms.4.21,224; Y.1.161. ˚ता, त्वम् 1 avarice. -2 insignificance. -3 badness. ˚भावः avarice, stinginess. -अश्वः a bad horse. -आकार a. deformed, ugly. -आख्यम् A medicinal plant (कुष्ठ). -आचार a. following evil practices, wicked, depraved. (-रः) bad conduct. -इन्द्रियम् a bad organ of sense; कदिन्द्रियाणामनवाप्यवर्त्मने Bhāg.8.3.28. -उष्ट्रः a bad camel. -उष्ण (also कोष्ण) a. 1 tepid, lukewarm; श्वसन् कदुष्णं पुरमाविवेश Bk.3.17. -2 Harsh, sharp (as a word); प्रियोक्तिरप्याह कदुष्णमक्षरम् N.9.38. (-ष्णम्) lukewarmness. -तृणम् 1 a fragrant grass. -2 the plant कुम्भिका. -तोयम् an intoxicating drink, wine. -त्रि m. (pl.) three inferior articles. -रथः a bad chariot or carriage; युधि कद्रथवद्भीमं बभञ्ज ध्वजशालिनम् Bk.5.13. -वद a. 1 speaking ill or inaccurately or indistinctly; येन जातं प्रियापाये कद्वदं हंसकोकिलम् Bk.6.75; वाग्विदां वरमकद्वदो नृपः Śi.14.1. -2 vile, contemptible. कद a. 1 Giving water. -2 Giving happiness. -दः A cloud. | | | karbu | कर्बु a. Variegated, spotted; कर्बुरूपाः (नीलाः) Y.3.166. कर्बु (-र्वु) र a. 1 Variegated, or spotted; क्वचिल्लसद्- घननिकुरम्बकबुरः Śi.17.56. -2 Of the colour of pigeons, whitish, grey; पवनैर्भस्म कपोतकर्बुरम् Ku.4.27. -रः 1 The variegated colour. -2 Sin. -3 An evil spirit, demon. -4 The Dhattūra plant. -5 Rice growing amidst inundation. -रा N. of a plant (वर्वरी). -री An epithet of Durgā. -रम् 1 Gold. -2 Water. -3 The Dhattūra plant. कर्बु (-र्वु) रित a. 1 Variegated, अवदग्धकर्बुरितकेतुचामरैः U.6.4; Śi.5.68. | | | karman | कर्मन् -m. Viśvakarmā; शक्रस्य नु सभा दिव्या भास्वरा कर्मनिर्मिता Mb.2.7.1. -n. [कृ-मनिन् Uṇ.4.144] 1 Action, work, deed. -2 Execution, performance; प्रीतो$स्मि सो$हं यद् भुक्तं वनं तैः कृतकर्मभिः Rām.5.63.3. -3 Business, office, duty; संप्रति विषवैद्यानां कर्म M.4. -4 A religious rite (it may be either नित्य, नैमित्तिक or काम्य). -5 A specific action, moral duty. -6 (a) Performance of religious rites as opposed to speculative religion or knowledge of Brahman (opp. ज्ञान); अपरो दहृने स्वकर्मणां ववृते R.8.2. (b) Labour, work. -7 Product, result. -8 A natural or active property (as support of the earth). -9 Fate, the certain consequence of acts done in a former life; कर्मायत्तं फलं पुंसां बुद्धिः कर्मानुसारिणी Bh.2.89,94. -1 (In gram.) The object of of an action; कर्तुरीप्सिततमं कर्म P.I.4.49. -11 (In Vaiś. Phil.) Motion considered as one of the seven categories of things; (thus defined:-- एकद्रव्यमगुणं संयोगविभागेष्वनपेक्षकारणं कर्म Vaiś. Sūtra. (It is five-fold:-- उत्क्षेपणं ततो$वक्षेपणमाकुञ्चनं तथा । प्रसारणं च गमनं कर्माण्येतानि पञ्च च ॥ Bhāṣā P.6.) -12 Organ of sense. प्रजापतिर्ह कर्माणि ससृजे Bṛi. Up.1.5.21. -13 Organ of action; कर्माणि कर्मभिः कुर्वन् Bhāg.11.3.6. -14 (In Astr.) The tenth lunar mansion. -15 Practice, training; सर्वेषां कर्मणा वीर्यं जवस्तेजश्च वर्धते Kau. A.2.2. -Comp. -अक्षम a. incapable of doing anything. -अङ्गम् part of any act; part of a sacrificial rite (as प्रयाज of the Darśa sacrifice). -अधिकारः the right of performing religious rites. -अनुरूप a. 1 according to action or any particular office. -2 according to actions done in a previous existence. -अनुष्ठानम् practising one's duties. -अनुसारः consequence of, or conformity to, acts. -अन्तः 1 the end of any business or task. -2 a work, business, execution of business. -3 a barn, a store of grain &c. Ms.7.62 (कर्मान्तः इक्षुधान्यादिसंग्रहस्थानम् Kull.) -4 cultivated ground. -5 a worker; कच्चिन्न सर्वे कर्मान्ताः Rām.2.1.52. -अन्तरम् 1 difference or contrariety of action. -2 penance, expiation. -3 suspension of a religious action. -4 another work or action; कर्मान्तर- नियुक्तासु निर्ममन्थ स्वयं दधि Bhāg.1.9.1. -अन्तिक a. final. (-कः) a servant, workman, Rām.1.13.7. -अपनुत्तिः f. removing, sending away of कर्म; जन्मकर्माप- नुत्तये Bhāg.12.2.17. -अर्ह a. fit or suitable to an act or the rite. (-र्हः) a man. -आख्या f. Name received from the act performed; तस्मात् छिन्नगमनो$श्वो$पि छाग इति कर्माख्या भविष्यति । ŚB. on MS.6.8.37. -आजीवः one who maintains himself by some profession (as that of an artisan &c.) -आत्मन् a. endowed with the principles of action, active; कर्मात्मनां च देवानां सो$सृजत्प्राणिनां प्रभुः Ms.1.22. (-m.) the soul. -आयतनम् see कर्मेन्द्रियम्; शव्दः स्पर्शो रसो गन्धो रूपं चेत्यर्थजातयः । गत्युक्त्युत्सर्गशिल्पानि कर्मायतनसिद्धयः Bhāg.11.22.16. -आशयः receptacle or accumulation of (good and evil) acts; निर्हृत्य कर्माशयमाशु याति परां गतिम् Bhāg.1.46.32. -इन्द्रियम् an organ of action, as distinguished from ज्ञानेन्द्रिय; (they are :- वाक्पाणिपादपायूपस्थानि; Ms.2.99; see under इन्द्रिय also) कर्मेन्द्रियाणि संयम्य Bg.3.6,7. -उदारम् any valiant or noble act, magnanimity, prowess. -उद्युक्त a. busy, engaged, active, zealous. -करः 1 a hired labourer (a servant who is not a slave); आ तस्य गोः प्रतिदानात् कर्मकारी आगबीनः कर्मकरः Mbh. on P.V.2.14. कर्मकराः स्थपत्यादयः Pt.1; Śi.14.16. -2 Yama. -कर्तृ m. (in gram.) an agent who is at the same time the object of the action; e. g. पच्यते ओदनः, it is thus defined:- क्रियमाणं तु यत्कर्म स्वयमेव प्रसिध्यति । सुकरैः स्वैर्गुणैः कर्तुः कर्मकर्तेति तद्विदुः ॥ न चान्तरेण कर्मकर्तारं सकर्मका अकर्मका भवन्ति Mbh. on P.I.3.27 -काण्डः, -ण्डम् that department of the Veda which relates to ceremonial acts and sacrificial rites and the merit arising from a due performance thereof. -कारः 1 one who does any business, a mechanic, artisan (technically a worker not hired). -2 any labourer in general (whether hired or not). -3 a black-smith; हरिणाक्षि कटाक्षेण आत्मानमवलोकय । न हि खङ्गो विजानाति कर्मकारं स्वकारणम् ॥ Udb. -4 a bull. -कारिन् m. a labourer, artisan, workman. -कार्मुकः, -कम् a strong bow. -कीलकः a washerman. -कृत्यम् activity, the state of active exertion; यः प्रथमः कर्मकृत्याय जज्ञे Av.4.24.6. -क्षम a. able to perform any work or duty; आत्मकर्मक्षमं देहं क्षात्रो धर्म इवाश्रितः R.1.13. -क्षेत्रम् the land of religious acts, i. e. भरतवर्ष; Bhāg.5.17.11. cf. कर्मभूमि. -गतिः f. the course of fate; अथ कर्मगतिं चित्रां दृष्ट्वा$स्य हसितं मया Ks.59.159. -गृहीत a. caught in the very act (as a thief.). -ग्रन्थिः f. a term in Jaina metaphysics connoting 'weakness in the form of वासनाs produced by अज्ञान'. -घातः leaving off or suspending work. -च(चा)ण्डालः 1 'base in deed', a man of very low acts or deeds; Vasiṣṭha mentions these kinds :-- असूयकः पिशुनश्च कृतघ्नो दीर्घरोषकः । चत्वारः कर्मचाण्डाला जन्मतश्चापि पञ्चमः ॥ -2 one who commits an atrocious deed; अपूर्वकर्मचण्डालमयि मुग्धे विमुच्च माम् U.1.46. -3 N. of Rāhu. -चेष्टा active exertion, action. कर्मचेष्टास्वहः Ms.1.66. -चोदना 1 The motive impelling one to ritual acts. ज्ञानं ज्ञेयं परिज्ञाता त्रिविधा कर्मचोदना Bg.18.18. -2 any positive rule enjoining a religious act. -च्छेदः The loss caused by absence on duty; Kau. A.2.7. -जः a. resulting from an act; सिद्धिर्भवति कर्मजा Bg.4.12. कर्मजा गतयो नॄणामुत्तमाधममध्यमाः Ms.12.3. (-जः) 1 the holy fig-tree. -2 the Kali age. -3 the banian tree. -4 the effect arising from human acts :-- संयोग, विभाग &c. -5 heaven. -6 hell. -ज्ञ a. one acquainted with religious rites. -त्यागः renunciation of worldly duties or ceremonial acts. -दुष्ट a. corrupt in action, wicked, immoral, disrespectable. -देवः a god through religious action; ये शतं गन्धर्वलोक आनन्दाः स एकः कर्मदेवानामानन्दः Bṛi. Up.4.3.33. -दोषः 1 sin, vice; अवेक्षेत गतीर्नॄणां कर्मदोष- समुद्भवाः Ms.6.61,95. -2 an error, defect, or blunder (in doing an act); कर्मदोषैर्न लिप्यते Ms.1,14. -3 evil consequence of human acts. -4 discreditable conduct. -धारयः N. of a compound, a subdivision of Tatpuruṣa, (in which the members of the compound are in apposition) तत्पुरुषः समानाधिकरणः कर्मधारयः P.I. 2.42. तत्पुरुष कर्म धारय येनाहं स्यां बहुव्रीहिः Udb. -ध्वंसः 1 loss of fruit arising from religious acts. -2 disappointment. -नामन् (in gram.) a participal noun. -नामधेयम् N. of an act or sacrifice. These names are not arbitrary or technical such as गुण and वृद्धि but are always significant; सर्वेष्वेव कर्मनामधेयेषु अर्थसमन्वयेनानुवाद- भूतो नामशद्बो वर्तते, न लौकिकार्थतिरस्कारेण परिभाषामात्रेण वृद्धिगुणवत् ŚB. on MS.1.6.41. -नाशा N. of a river between Kaśi and Bihar. -निश्चयः a decision of action; न लेमे कर्मनिश्चयम् Bm.1.648. -निषद्या a manufactory; Kau. A.2.4. -निष्ठ a. devoted to the performance of religious acts; अग्निर्वीरं श्रुत्यं कर्मनिष्ठाम् Rv.1.8.1; Ms.3.134. -न्यासः renunciation of the result of religious acts. -पथः 1 the direction or source of an action. -2 the path of religious rites (opp. ज्ञानमार्ग). -पाकः ripening of actions, reward of actions done in a former life; Pt.1.372. -प्रवचनीयः a term for certain prepositions, particles, or adverbs when they are not connected with verbs and govern a noun in some case; literally-the term means, 'Concerned with the setting forth of an action'. According to Indian grammarians it means 'that which spoke of an action (क्रियां प्रोक्तवन्तः)' e. g. आ in आ मुक्तेः संसारः is a कर्मप्रवचनीय; so अनु in जपमनु प्रावर्षत् &c; कर्म प्रोक्तवन्तः कर्मप्रवचनीया इति Mbh. on P.I.4.83. cf. उपसर्ग, गति and निपात also. -फलम् 1 fruit or reward of actions done in a former life; (pain, pleasure); न मे कर्मफले स्पृहा Bg.4.14;5.12;6.1; ˚फलत्याग Bg.12.11,18.2; ˚फलत्यागिन् Bg.18.11; ˚फलप्रेप्सुः Bg.18.27; ˚फलसंयोग Bg.5.14; ˚फलहेतु Bg.2.47. एवं संचिन्त्य मनसा प्रेत्य कर्मफलोदयम् Ms.11.231. -2 the fruit of Averrhoa Carambola (Mar. कर्मर); also कर्मरङ्ग. -बन्धः, -बन्धनम् confinement to repeated birth, as the consequence of religious acts, good or bad (by which the soul is attached to worldly pleasures &c.); बुद्ध्या युक्तो यथा पार्थ कर्मबन्धं प्रहास्यति Bg.2.39. -भूः, -भूमिः f. 1 the land of religious rites, i. e. भरतवर्ष, this world (a place for man's probation); प्राप्येमां कर्मभूमिम् Bh.2.1; K.174,319. -2 ploughed ground. -मासः the Calendar month of thirty days. -मीमांसा the Mīmāṁsā of ceremonial acts; see मीमांसा. -मूलम् a kind of sacred grass called कुश. -युगम् the fourth (the present) age of the world, i. e. the Kaliyuga. -योगः 1 performance of actions, worldly and religious rites; कर्मयोगेन योगिनाम् Bg.3.3;3.7;5.2;13.24. -2 active exertion, industry; Ms.1.115. -वचनम् (with Buddhists) the ritual. -वज्रः an epithet of a Śūdra. -वशः fate considered as the inevitable result of actions done in a former life. -वाटी a lunar day (तिथि). -विपाक = कर्मपाक. -शाला a work-shop. -शील, -शूर a. assiduous, active, laborious; cf. कर्म- शीलस्तु कर्मठे । Nm. -शौचम् humility. -श्रुतिः f. The word expressive of the act; कर्मश्रुतेः परार्थत्वात् MS.11. 2.6. (read या अत्र कर्मश्रुतिः दर्शपूर्णमासाभ्यामिति सा परार्था तृतीया-योगात् &c. शबर). -सङ्गः attachment to worldly duties and their results. तन्निबध्नाति ... कर्मसङ्गेन Bg.14.7. -सचिवः a minister. -संन्यासिकः, -संन्यासिन् m. 1 a religious person who has withdrawn from every kind of worldly act. -2 an ascetic who performs religious deeds without looking to their reward. -साक्षिन् m. 1 an eyewitness; वह्निर्विवाहं प्रति कर्मसाक्षी Ku.7.83. -2 one who witnesses the good or bad actions of man; आदित्य भो लोककृताकृतज्ञ लोकस्य सत्यानृप- कर्मसाक्षिन् Rām.3.63.16. (There are nine divinities which are said to witness and watch over all human actions; सूर्यः सोमो यमः कालो महाभूतानि पञ्च च । एते शुभाशुभ- स्येह कर्मणो नव साक्षिणः ॥) -सिद्धिः f. accomplishment of any business or desired object; success. स्वकर्मसिद्धिं पुनरा- शशंसे Ku. -स्थानम् a public office, a place of business. | | | kaluṣa | कलुष a. [कल्-उषच् Uṇ.4.75] 1 Turbid, dirty, muddy, foul; गङ्गारोधःपतनकलुषा गृह्णतीव प्रसादम् V.1.9; Ki.8.32; Ghat.13; -2 Choked, hoarse, husky; कण्ठः स्तम्भितबाष्प- वृत्तिकलुषः Ś.4.6. -3 Bedimmed; full of; Ś.6.9. -4 Angry, displeased, excited; U.3.13; भावावबोधकलुषा दयितेव रात्रौ R.5.64 (Malli. takes कलुष to mean 'unable', 'incompetent'). -5 Wicked, sinful, bad. -6 Cruel, censurable; त्वां प्रत्यकस्मात्कलुषप्रवृत्तौ R.14.73. -7 Dark, opaque. -8 Idle, lazy. -9 Perverted; ˚भूतायां वुद्धौ Pt.3.185; कालुष्यमुपयाति बुद्धिः &c. -षः A buffalo. -षम् 1 Dirt filth, mud; विगतकलुषमम्भः Ṛs.3.22. -2 Sin; कलुषेणाद्य महता मेदिनी परिमुच्यताम् Rām.2.96.27. -3 Wrath. -Comp. -मानस a. evil-minded; अथाब्रवीत्सुतान् कद्रूर्नागान् कलुषमानसा Bm.1.11 -योनिज a. illegitimate, of impure origin; Ms.1.57,58. | | | kaṣṭa | कष्ट a. [कष्-क्त] 1 Bad, evil, ill, wrong; रामहस्तमनुप्राप्य कष्टात् कष्टतरं गता R.15.43. 'gone from bad to worse', (reduced to a wretched condition). -2 Painful, grievous; मोहादभूत्कष्टतरः प्रबोधः R.14.56; कष्टो$यं खलु भृत्य- भावः Ratn.1. full of cares; Ms.7.5; Māl.9.37; Y.3.29; कण्टा वृत्तिः पराधीना कष्टो वासो निराश्रयः । निर्धनो व्यवसायश्च सर्वकष्टा दरिद्रता ॥ Chān.59 -3 Difficult; स्त्रीषु कष्टो$धिकारः V.3.1; U.7. -4 Hard to subdue (as an enemy); स हि कष्टतरो रिपुः Ms.7.186; कष्टमाहुररिं बुधाः 21. -5 Mischievous, hurtful, injurious; कष्टो$निलो हरति लम्पट एष नीवीम् Bhāg.5.2.14. -6 Boding evil. -7 Sorrowful, miserable. -ष्टम् 1 Evil, difficulty, misery, suffering, hardship, pain; कष्टं खल्वनपत्यता Ś.6; धिगर्थाः कष्टसंश्रयाः Pt.1.163 v. l. -2 Sin, wickedness. -3 Difficulty, effort; कष्टेन somehow or other. -ष्टम् ind. Alas ! Ah ! हा धिक् कष्टम्; हा कष्टं जरयाभिभूतपुरुषः पुत्रैरवज्ञा- यते Pt.4.78. -Comp. -आगत a. arrived or got with difficulty. -कर a. giving pain, troublesome. -कारः -कारकः the world (as the scene of miseries). -तपस् a. one who practises hard penance; Ś.7. -भागिनेयः a wife's sister's son. -मातुलः a brother of a stepmother. -संश्रय a. attended with troubles; आये दुःखं व्यये दुःखं धिगर्थाः कष्टसंश्रयाः Pt.1.163;2.121. -साध्य a. to be accomplished with difficulty. -स्थानम् a bad station, a difficult or disagreeable place. | | | kākaḥ | काकः [कै शब्दकरणे-कन् Uṇ.3.43] 1 A crow; काको$पि जीवति चिराय बलिं च भुङ्क्ते Pt.1.24. -2 (Fig.) A contemptible fellow, base or impudent person. -3 A lame man. -4 Bathing by dipping the head only into water (as crows do). -5 A sectarial mark (तिलक). -6 A kind of measure. -7 N. of a Dvīpa. -का N. of several plants काकनासा, काकोली &c. -की 1 A female crow. -काकी see Mbh. on IV.1.63. -कम् 1 A multitude of crows. -2 A modus coeundi. -Comp. -अक्षिगोलकन्याय see under न्याय. -अञ्ची = काकजङ्घा q. v. -अदनी The Gunja plant. -अरिः an owl. -इक्षुः A reed. -उडुम्वरः, (-रिका) The fig-tree. -उदरः a snake; काकोदरो येन विनीतदर्पः Kavirāja; काकोदरसोदरः खलो जगति Bv.1.76. -उलूकिका, -उलूकीयम् the natural enmity of the owl and the crow; Mbh. on IV.2.14; Vārt.2. (काकोलूकीयम् is the name of the third Tantra in the Pañchatantra). -कङ्गुः -कङ्गुनी f. A kind of corn. -Comp. -कला N. of a plant. -चिञ्चा, -जङ्घा the Gunja plant. -चरित्रम् A part of the science of Omens based on the sound of crows. -च्छदः, -च्छदिः 1 a wag-tail. -2 a side-lock of hair; see काकपक्ष below. -जम्बुः A kind of rose-apple tree. -जातः the (Indian) cuckoo. -तालीय a. [काकताल-छ Mbh. on V.3.16] (anything) taking place quite unexpectedly and accidentally, an accident; अहो नु खलु भोः तदेतत् काकतालीयं नाम Māl.5; काक- तालीयवत्प्राप्तं दृष्ट्वा$पि निधिमग्रतः H. Pr.3; sometimes used adverbially in the sense of 'accidentally'; फलन्ति काक- तालीयं तेभ्यः प्राज्ञा न बिभ्यति Ve.2.15. ˚न्याय see under न्याय. -तालुकिन a. contemptible, vile. -तिक्रा, -तिन्दुका, -तुण्डिका different kinds of trees. -तुण्डम् A kind of head of an arrow (see फलम्). काकतुण्डेन वेध्यानां वेधं कुर्यात् Dhanur.66. -दन्तः (lit.) the tooth of a crow; (fig.) anything impossible or not existing; ˚गवेषणम् searching after impossibilities (said of any useless and unprofitable task). -ध्वजः the submarine fire; cf. और्व. -नासा, -नासिका, -नासिकी different kinds of trees. -निद्रा a light slumber (easily broken). -पक्षः, -पक्षकः side-locks of hair on the temples of boys and young men (especially of the Kṣatriya caste]; काकपक्षधरमेत्य याचितः R.11.1,31,42;3.28; U.3. -पदम् 1 the sign (^) in Mss. denoting that something has been left out. -2 an incision in the skin. (-दः) a particular mode of sexual intercourse. -पुच्छः, -पुष्टः the [Indian] cuckoo. -पेय a shallow; काकपेया नदी Sk. -भीरुः an owl. -मद्गुः a gallinule water-hen, घृतं हृत्वा तु दुर्बुद्धिः काकमद्गुः प्रजायते Mb.13.111.22. -मर्दः, -मर्दकः a kind of gourd [Mar. कवंडळ]. -माची, -चिका a kind of tree (Mar. कावळी) -मृगगोचरित a. following the manner of the crow in drinking, of the deer in eating and of the cow in making water; एवं गोमृगकाकचर्यया व्रजंस्तिष्ठन्नासीनः शयानः काकमृगगोचरितः पिबति खादत्यवमेहति स्म Bhāg.5.5.34. -यवः barren corn (the ear of which has no grain); यथा काकयवाः प्रोक्ता यथारण्यभवास्तिलाः । नाममात्रा न सिद्धौ हि धनहीनास्तथा नराः ॥ Pt.2.9. तथैव पाण्डवाः सर्वे यथा काकयवा इव Mb; (काकयवाः = निष्फलतृणधान्यम्). -रुतम् the shrill sound of a crow (considered as a sign of future good or evil under different circumstances); -रुहा a. kind of tree (Mar. बांडगूळ). -वन्ध्या a woman that bears only one child. -स्नानम् Bathing like a crow. -स्पर्शः 1 The touching of a crow. -2 A ceremony performed on the tenth day after a death, consisting in the offering of rice to crows. -स्वरः a shrill tone (as that of a crow). | | | ku | कु ind. A prefix implying 'badness', 'deterioration', 'depreciation', 'sin', 'reproach', 'littleness', 'want', 'deficiency', &c. Its various substitutes are कद् (कदश्व), कव (कवोष्ण), का (कोष्ण), किं (किंप्रभुः); cf. Pt.5.17. -Comp. -कर्मन् n. a bad deed, a mean act. -a. wicked, Bhāg.1.16.22. -कु-वाच् m. jackal. -कूलम् A hole filled with stakes. ˚लः A fire made of chaff; कुकूलं शङ्कुभिः कीर्णे श्वभ्रे ना तु तुषानले Nm. -ग्रहः an unpropitious planet. -ग्रामः a petty village or hamlet (without a king's officer, an agnihotrin, a physician, or a river.) -चन्दनम् Red sandal-wood. -चर a. of bad conduct, a thief; दृष्ट्वा त्वादित्यमुद्यन्तं कुचराणां भयं भवेत् Mb.14.39.13. -चेल a. wearing bad or ragged garments; कपालं वृक्ष- मूलानि कुचेलमसहायता । समता चैव सर्वस्मिन्नेतन्मुक्तस्य लक्षणम् ॥ Ms.6.44. -चरित्रम्, -चर्या wickedness, evil conduct, impropriety; Ms.9.17. -चोद्यम् an unsuitable question. -जन्मन् a. low born. -तनु a. deformed, ugly. (-नुः) an epithet of Kubera. -तन्त्री a bad lute. -तपः 1 a sort of blanket (made of the hair of the mountain goat). -2 the eighth Muhūrta or portion of the day. -3 a daughter's or sister's son. -4 the sun. -तर्कः 1 sophistical or fallacious argument. -2 a heterodox doctrine, free thinking; कुतर्केष्वभ्यासः सततपरपैशुन्यमननम् G. L.31. ˚पथः a sophistical mode of arguing. -तीर्थम् a bad teacher. -दिनम् an evil or unpropitious day. -दृष्टिः f. 1 weak sight. -2 an evil eye, sinister eye (fig.). -3 an opinion or doctrine opposed to the Vedas, heterodox doctrines; या वेदबाह्याः स्मृतयो याश्च काश्च कुदृष्टयः Ms.12.95. -देशः 1 a bad place or country. -2 a country where the necessaries of life are not available or which is subject to oppression. -देह a. ugly, deformed; कुदेहमानाहिविदष्टदृष्टेर्ब्रह्मन्वचस्ते$मृतमौषधं मे Bhāg.5.12.2. (-हः) an epithet of Kubera. -द्वारम् back door. -धी a. foolish, silly, stupid. -2 wicked. -नखम् a disease of the nails; Mb.3. -नटः 1 a bad actor. -2 a sort of trumpet flower. -3 red arsenic. -नदिका a small river, rill; सुपूरा स्यात्कुनदिका Pt.1.25. -नाथः a bad master; हतास्म्यहं कुनाथेन न पुंसा वीरमानिना Bhāg.9.14.28. -नामन् m. a miser. -नीतः bad counsel, leading; तृणैश्छन्ना भूमिर्मतिरिव कुनीतैव विदुषः Mu.6.11. -पटः, -टम् a miserable garment; कुपटावृतकटिः Bhāg.5.9.1. -पथः 1 a wrong road, bad way (fig. also). -2 a heterodox doctrine. -पथ्य a. unwholesome, improper. -परीक्षक a. examining badly, not valuing rightly; कुत्स्याः स्युः कुपरीक्षका न मणयो यैरर्घतः पातिताः Bh.2.15. -पात्रम् an unfit recipient. -पुत्रः a bad or wicked son: यादृशं फल- माप्नोति कुप्लवैः संतरन् जलम् । तादृशं फलमाप्नोति कुपुत्रैः संतरंस्तमः ॥ Ms.9.161. कुपुत्रो जायेत क्वचिदपि कुमाता न भवति, देव्यपराध- क्षमापनस्तोत्र (ascribed to a later शङ्कराचार्य). -पुरुषः 1 a low or wicked man. -2 a spiritless coward. -पूय a. low, vile, contemptible. -प्रिय a. disagreeable, contemptible, low, mean. -प्लवः a bad boat; कुप्लवैः संतरन् जलम् Ms.9.161. -बन्धः a disgraceful stigma; अन्त्याभिगमने त्वङ्क्यः कुबन्धेन प्रवासयेत् Y.2.294. -ब्रह्मः, -ब्रह्मन् m. a bad or degraded Brāhmaṇa. -मन्त्रः 1 bad advice. -2 a charm used to secure success in a bad cause. -मुद्विन् a. Unfriendly; उदहृष्यन्वारिजानि सूर्योत्थाने कुमुद्विना । राज्ञा तु निर्भया लोकाः Bhāg.1.21.47. -मेरुः The southern hemisphere or pole. -योगः an inauspicious conjunction (of planets). -योगिन् m. a false devotee, impostor. -रस a. having bad juice or flavour. (-सः) a kind of spirituous liquor. -रूप a. ugly, deformed; कुपुत्रो$पि भवेत्पुंसां हृदयानन्दकारकः । दुर्विनीतः कुरूपो$पि मूर्खो$पि व्यसनी खलः ॥ Pt.5.19. -रूप्यम् tin. -लक्षण a. having fatal marks on the body. कुलक्षणेत्यहं राज्ञा त्यक्तेत्यात्तविमानना Ks.91.19. -वङ्गः lead. -वचस्, -वाच्, -वाक्य a. abusive, bad, scurrilous; using abusive or foul language; संस्मारितो मर्मभिदः कुवाग्रिपून् Bhāg.4.3.15. (-n.) abuse, bad language. -वज्रकम् crystal; a stone resembling a diamond. -वर्षः a sudden or violent shower; Rām.6. -विक्रमः bravery exhibited in a wrong place; धिगीदृशं ते नृपते कुविक्रमं कृपाश्रये यः कृपणे पतत्त्रिणि N.1.132. -विवाहः a degraded or improper form of marriage; Ms.3.63. -वृत्तिः f. bad bebaviour. -वेधस् m. bad fate; हृतरत्नेन मुषितो दत्त्वा काचं कुवेधसा Ks. 71.232. -वैद्यः a bad physician, quack. -शील a. rude, wicked, unmannerly, ill tempered, of bad character; कुतो गम्यमगम्यं वा कुशीलोन्मादिनः प्रभोः Ks.32.152. -ष्ठलम् 1 a bad place. -2 the earth; शयानां कुष्ठले Bk.9.84. -सरित् f. a small river, rill; उच्छिद्यन्ते क्रियाः सर्वा ग्रीष्मे कुसरितो यथा Pt.2.89. -सृतिः f. 1 evil conduct, wickedness; कस्माद्वयं कुसृतयः खलयोनयस्ते Bhāg.8.23.7. -2 conjuring, magic. -3 roguery. -स्त्री a bad woman. | | | kuṭila | कुटिल a. [कुट्-इलच्] 1 Crooked, Pt.1.65; bent, curved, curled; भेदाद् भ्रुवोः कुटिलयोः Ś.5.23; R.6.82; 19.17; -2 Tortuous, winding; क्रोशं कुटिला नदी Sk. -3 (fig.) Insincere, fraudulent, dishonest; अ˚ Pt.1.126. -ला 1 N. of Sarasvatī. -2 A kind of perfume. -लम् 1 N. of a plant (Mar. तगर). -2 Tin. -Comp. -आशय a. evil-minded; malevolent; संध्यावत्क्षणरागिण्यो नदीवत्कुटिलाशयाः Ks.37.143. -पक्ष्मन् a having curved eye-lashes. -मति, -बुद्धि a. evil-minded, malevolent; कुटिलमतिः स एष येन क्रोधाग्नौ प्रसभमदाहि नन्दवंशः Mu.1.7. -स्वभाव a. crooked by nature, dishonest, malevolent. | | | kuts | कुत्स् 1 Ā. (कुत्सयते, कत्सित) To abuse, revile, censure, condemn; पूजयेदशनं नित्यमद्याच्चैतदकुत्सयन् Ms.2.54; Y.1.31; Śānti.2.3. | | | kṛcchra | कृच्छ्र a. [cf. Uṇ2.21] 1 Causing trouble, painful; तथात्यजन्निमं देहं कृच्छ्राद् ग्राहाद्विमुच्यते Ms.6.78. -2 Bad, miserable, evil. -3 Wicked, sinful. -4 Being in a difficult or painful situation. -च्छ्रः, -च्छ्रम् 1 A difficulty, trouble, hardship, misery, calamity, danger; कृच्छ्रं महत्तीर्णः R.14.6;13.77. -2 Bodily mortification, penance, expiation; Ms.4.222;5.21;11.16. -3 Torment, torture. -4 A particular kind of religious penance (प्राजापत्य); कृच्छ्राणि चीर्त्वा च ततो यथ्क्तानि द्विजोत्तमैः Mb.13. 1.64. -च्छ्रः Ischury. -च्छ्रम् Sin. -च्छ्रम्, कृच्छ्रेत्, कृच्छ्रत् ind. With great difficulty, painfully, miserably; लब्धं कृच्छ्रेण रक्ष्यते H.1.163. -Comp. -अर्धः a. penance lasting for six days only. -कृत् a. Undergoing a penance; कृच्छ्रकृद्धर्मकामस्तु महतीं श्रियमाप्नुयात् Y.3. 327. -प्राण a. 1 one whose life is in danger. -2 breathing with difficulty. -3 hardly supporting life. -साध्य a. 1 curable with difficulty (as a patient or disease). -2 accomplished with difficulty. -सांतपनम् a kind of expiatory vow laid down in the स्मृतिs; गोमूत्रं गोमयं क्षीरं दधि सर्पिः कुशोदकम् । एकरात्रोपवासश्च कृच्छ्रं सांतपनं स्मृतम् ॥ Ms.11.212. | | | kṛṣṇa | कृष्ण a. [कृष्-नक्] 1 Black, dark, dark-blue. -2 Wicked, evil; मनो गुणान्वै सृजते बलीयस्ततश्च कर्माणि विलक्षणानि । शुक्लानि कृष्णान्यथ लोहितानि तेभ्यः सवर्णाः सृतयो भवन्ति ॥ Bhāg. 11.23.44. -ष्णः 1 The black colour. -2 The black antelope; Bhāg.1.35.19. -3 A crow. -4 The (Indian) cuckoo. -5 The dark half of a lunar month (from full to new moon); Bg.8.25. -6 The Kali age. -7 Viṣṇu in his eighth incarnation, born as the son of Vasudeva and Devakī. [Kṛiṣna is the most celebrated hero of Indian mythology and the most popular of all the deities. Though the real son of Vasudeva and Devakī and thus a cousin of Kaṁsa, he was, for all practical purposes, the son of Nanda and Yaśodā, by whom he was brought up and in whose house he spent his childhood. It was here that his divine character began to be gradually discovered, when he easily crushed the most redoubtable demons, such as Baka, Pūtanā &c., that were sent to kill him by Kaṁsa, and performed many other feats of surprising strength. The chief companions of his youth were the Gopis or wives of the cowherds of Gokula, among whom Rādhā was his special favourite (cf. Jayadeva's Gitagovinda). He killed Kaṁsa, Naraka, Keśin, Ariṣṭa and a host of other powerful demons. He was a particular friend of Arjuna, to whom he acted as charioteer in the great war, and his staunch support of the cause of the Pāṇḍavas was the main cause of the overthrow of the Kauravas. on several critical occasions, it was Kṛiṣṇa's assistance and inventive mind that stood the Pāṇḍavas in good stead. After the general destruction of the Yādavas at Prabhāsa, he was killed unintentionally by a hunter named Jaras who shot him with an arrow mistaking him at a distance for a deer. He had more than 16 wives, but Rukmiṇi and Satyabhāmā, (as also Rādhā) were his favourites. He is said to have been of dark-blue or cloud-like colour; cf. बहिरिव मलिनतरं तव कृष्ण मनो$पि भविष्यति नूनं Gīt.8. His son was Pradyumna]. -8 N. of Vyāsa, the reputed author of the Mahābhārata; कुतः सञ्चोदितः कृष्णः कृतवान्संहितां मुनिः Bhāg.1.4.3. -9 N. of Arjuna. -1 Aloe wood. -11 The Supreme spirit. -12 Black pepper. -13 Iron. -14 A Śūdra; कृष्णस्तु केशवे व्यासे कोकिले$र्जुनकाकयोः । शूद्रे तामिस्रपक्षे$ग्निकलिनीलगुणेषु च ॥ Nm. -15 The marking nut (भल्लातक); विरक्तं शोध्यते वस्त्रं न तु कृष्णोपसंहितम् Mb.12.291.1. -ष्णा 1 N. of Draupadī, wife of the Pāṇḍavas; तेजो हृतं खलु मयाभिहतश्च मत्स्यः सज्जीकृतेन धनुषाधिगता च कृष्णा Bhāg.1.15.7; प्रविश्य कृष्णासदनं महीभुजा Ki.1.26. -2 N. of a river in the Deccan that joins the sea at Machhalipaṭṭaṇa. -3 A kind of poisonous insect. -4 N. of several plants. -5 A grape. -6 A kind of perfume. -7 An epithet of Durgā Bhāg.4.6.7. -8 one of the 7 tongues of fire. -9 N. of the river Yamunā; विलोक्य दूषितां कृष्णां कृष्णः कृष्णाहिना विभुः Bhāg.1.16.1. -ष्णी A dark night; रिणक्ति कृष्णीर- रुषाय पन्थाम् Rv.7.71.1. -ष्णम् 1 Blackness, darkness (moral also); शुक्रा कृष्णादजनिष्ट श्वितीची Rv.1.123.9. -2 Iron. -3 Antimony. -4 The black part of the eye. -5 Black pepper. -6 Lead. -7 An inauspicious act. -8 Money acquired by gambling. -Comp. -अगुरु n. a kind of sandal-wood. -अचलः an epithet of the mountain Raivataka. -अजिनम् the skin of the black antelope. -अध्वन्, -अर्चिस् m. an epithet of fire; cf. कृष्ण- वर्त्मन्. -अयस्, n. -अयसम्, -आमिषम् iron, crude or black iron. -कृष्णायसस्येव च ते संहत्य हृदयं कृतम् Mb.5.135. 1; वाचारम्भणं विकारो नामधेयं कृष्णायसमित्येव सत्यम् Ch. Up. 6.1.6. -अर्जकः N. of a tree. -अष्टमी, -जन्माष्टमी the 8th day of the dark half of Śrāvaṇa when Kṛiṣṇa, was born; also called गोकुलाष्टमी. -आवासः the holy fig-tree. -उदरः a kind of snake. -कञ्चुकः a kind of gram. -कन्दम् a red lotus. -कर्मन् a. of black deeds, criminal, wicked, depraved, guilty, sinful. -काकः a raven. -कायः a buffalo. -काष्ठम् a kind of sandal-wood, agallochum. -कोहलः a gambler. -गङ्गा the river कृष्णावेणी. -गति fire; ववृधे स तदा गर्भः कक्षे कृष्णगतिर्यथा Mb.13.85.56; आयोघने कृष्णगतिं सहायम् R.6.42. -गर्भाः (f. pl.) 1 the pregnant wives of the demon Kṛiṣṇa; यः कृष्णगर्भा निरहन्नृजिश्वना Rv.1.11.1. -2 waters in the interiors of the clouds. -गोधा a kind of poisonous insect. -ग्रीवः N. of Śiva. -चञ्चुकः a kind of pea. -चन्द्रः N. of Vasudeva. -चर a. what formerly belonged to Kṛiṣṇa. -चूर्णम् rust of iron, iron-filings. -च्छविः f. 1 the skin of the black antelope. -2 a black cloud; कृष्णच्छविसमा कृष्णा Mb.4.6.9. -ताम्रम् a kind of sandal wood. -तारः 1 a species of antelope. -2 an antelope (in general) -तालु m. a kind of horse having black palate; cf. शालिहोत्र of भोज, 67. -त्रिवृता N. of a tree. -देहः a large black bee. -धनम् money got by foul means. -द्वादशी the twelfth day in the dark half of Āṣaḍha. -द्वैपायनः N. of Vyāsa; तमहमरागमकृष्णं कृष्णद्वैपायनं वन्दे Ve.1.4. -पक्षः 1 the dark half of a lunar month; रावणेन हृता सीता कृष्णपक्षे$- सिताष्टमी Mahān. -2 an epithet of Arjuna; -पदी a female with black feet, -पविः an epithet of Agni. -पाकः N. of a tree (Mar. करवंद). -पिङ्गल a. dark-brown. (-ला) N. of Durgā. -पिण्डीतकः (-पिण्डीरः) N. of a tree (Mar. काळा गेळा). -पुष्पी N. of a tree (Mar. काळा धोत्रा). -फलः (-ला) N. of a tree (Mar. काळें जिरें). -बीजम् a watermelon. -भस्मन् sulphate of mecury. -मृगः the black antelope; शृङ्गे कृष्णमृगस्य वामनयनं कण्डूयमानां मृगीम् Ś.6.17. -मुखः, -वक्त्रः, -वदनः the black-faced monkey. -मृत्तिका 1 black earth. -2 the gunpowder. -यजुर्वेदः the Taittirīya or black Yajurveda. -यामः an epithet of Agni; वृश्चद्वनं कृष्णयामं रुशन्तम् Rv.6.6.1. -रक्तः dark-red colour. -रूप्य = ˚चर q. v. -लवणम् 1 a kind of black salt. -2 a factitious salt. -लोहः the loadstone. -वर्णः 1 black colour. -2 N. of Rāhu. -3 a Śūdra; विडूरुङ्घ्रिश्रितकृष्णवर्णः Bhāg.2.1.37. -वर्त्मन् m. 1 fire; श्रद्दधे त्रिदशगोपमात्रके दाहशक्तिमिव कृष्णवर्त्मनि R.11.42; Ms.2.94. -2 N. of Rāhu. -3 a low man, profligate, black-guard. -विषाणा Ved. the horns of the black antelope. -वेणी N. of a river. -शकुनिः a crow; Av.19.57.4. -शारः, -सारः, -सारङ्गः the spotted antelope; कृष्णसारे ददच्चक्षुस्त्वयि चाधिज्यकार्मुके Ś.1.6; V.4.31; पीयूषभानाविव कृष्णसारः Rām. Ch.1.3. -शृङ्गः a buffalo. -सखः, -सारथिः an epithet of Arjuna. (-खी) cummin seed (Mar. जिरें). -स्कन्धः N. of a tree (Mar. तमाल). | | | kaulīna | कौलीन a. [कौ पृथिव्यां लीनः अलुक्स˚; कुलादागतः खञ् वा; कुलालवः P.IV.1.139] Belonging to a noble family. -नः 1 The son of a female beggar. -2 A follower of the left hand Śākta ritual. -नम् 1 An evil report, a scandal; मालविकागतं किमपि कौलीनं श्रूयते M.3; तदेव कौलीनमिव प्रतिभाति V.2; Me.114; कौलीनमात्माश्रयमाचचक्षे R.14.36,84. -2 An improper act, bad or scandalous conduct; ख्याते तस्मिन् वितमसि कुले जन्म कौलीनमेतत् Ve.2.1. -3 A combat of animals. -4 Cock-fighting. -5 War, battle (in general). -6 High birth. -7 A privity, the pudenda. | | | krūra | क्रूर a. [कृत-रक् धातोः क्रूः; Uṇ.2.21] 1 Cruel, wicked, hard-hearted, pitiless; तस्याभिषेकसंभारं कल्पितं क्रूरनिश्चया R.12.4; Me.17; Ms.1.9; तानहं द्विषतः क्रूरान् Bg.16. 19. -2 Hard, rough. -3 Formidable, terrible, fierce, ferocious, savage. -4 Destructive, mischievous. -5 Wounded, hurt. -6 Bloody. -7 Raw. -8 Strong. -9 Inauspicious (as opposed to सौम्य and अक्रूर; said of 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th signs of the zodiac which are supposed to have a malignant influence.) -1 Hard, solid, hardened; Ś.2.4. -11 Hot; disagreeable, sharp; Ms.2.33. -12 Harsh, jarring; क्रूरक्वणत्कङ्कणानि Mv.1.35. -रः, -रम् Boiled rice. -रः 1 A hawk. -2 heron. -3 An uneven sign of the zodiac. -4 N. of a planet (Rāhu or Saturn). -5 A kind of horse; तद्वद्वामाश्रयाः क्रूरः प्रकरोति धनक्षयम् Śālihotra 15. -रम् 1 A wound. -2 Slaughter, cruelty. -3 Any horrible deed. -4 Any frightful appearance. -ind. In a formidable manner; Mb.3. -Comp. -आकृति a. terrible in form (-तिः) epithet of Rāvaṇa. -आचारः a. following cruel or savage practices; Ms.4.246. -आत्मन् the planet Saturn. -आशय a. 1 containing fierce animals (as a river). -2 of a cruel disposition. -कर्मन् n. 1 a bloody act. -2 any hard labour. -a. doing a bloody act; अहं क्रूरकर्मा जात्या चाण्डालः K. -कर्मकृत् m. a rapacious animal; Ms.12.58. -कृत् a. fierce, cruel, unrelenting; -कोष्ठ a. having costive bowels (unaffected by strong purgatives). -गन्ध sulphur. -चरित, -चेष्ठित a. cruel, ferocious. -दृश् a. 1 evil-eyed, having a malignant look; Ks.62.27. -2 mischievous, villainous. (-m.) N. of Saturn; also of Mars. -राविन् m. a raven -लोचनः an epithet of the planet Saturn. | | | kṣip | क्षिप् 6 U. (but only P. when preceded by अधि, प्रति and अति), 4. P. (क्षिपति-ते, क्षिप्यति, क्षिप्त) 1 To throw, cast, send, dispatch, discharge, let go (with loc. or sometimes dat.); मरुद्भ्य इति तु द्वारि क्षिपेदप्स्वद्भ्य इत्यपि Ms.3.88; शिलां वा क्षेप्स्यते मयि Mb.; R.12.95; with प्रति also; Bh.3.67; Śi.15.86. -2 To place, put on or upon, throw into; स्रजमपि शिरस्यन्धः क्षिप्तां धुनोत्यहिशङ्कया Ś.7.24; Y.1.23; Bg.16.19. -3 To fix on, attach to (as a blame); भृत्ये दोषान् क्षिपति H.2. -4 To cast or throw off, cast away, rid oneself of; किं कूर्मस्य भरव्यथा न वपुषि क्ष्मां न क्षिपत्येष यत् Mu.2.18. -5 (a) To take away, destroy; ललितमधुरास्ते ते भावाः क्षिपन्ति च धीरताम् Māl.4.8. (b) To kill or slay; केसरी निष्ठुरक्षिप्तमृगयूथो मृगाधिपः Śi.2.53. -6 To reject, disdain. -7 To Insult, revile, abuse, scold; Ms.8.312,27; Śānti.3.1. ननु क्षिपसि माम् Dūtavākyam 1. -8 To pour on, scatter, strew. -9 To strike, hit. -1 To distract, afflict; तन्मे मनः क्षिपति Māl.4.8. -11 To move hastily (arms or legs); क्षिपंश्च पादान् Bhāg. 1.36.14. -12 To pass away (time); राजा हृष्टो$क्षिपत्क्षपाम् Ks.55.154. -13 (in math.) To add; Golādh. -With -पर्या to bind or tie up, collect (as hair); (केशान्तं) पर्याक्षिपत् काचिदुदारबन्धम् Ku.7.14. | | | kṣipa | क्षिप a. [क्षिप्-क] Throwing, striking, hitting. -पः 1 Throwing, casting. -2 Reviling, insulting. -पा 1 Sending. -2 Throwing. -3 Night. | | | kṣipaṇam | क्षिपणम् [क्षिप्-भावे बा ˚ क्युन्] 1 Sending, throwing, casting. -2 Reviling, abusing. | | | khara | खर a. [opp. मृदु, श्लक्ष्ण, द्रव) 1 Hard, rough, solid. -2 Severe, sharp, strict, R.8.9; स्मरः खरः खलः कान्तः Kāv.1.59. -3 Pungent, acid. -4 Dense, thick. -5 Hurtful, injurious, cutting, smart (words). -6 Sharpedged; देहि खरनयनशस्घातम् Gīt.1. -7 Hot; खरांशुः &c. -8 Cruel; Rām.6.59.17. -रः 1 An ass, Ms.2.21; 4.115,12,8.37; Y.2.16. -2 A mule. -3 A heron. -4 A crow. -5 A kind of prickly nightshade. -6 A quadrangular mound of earth for receiving the sacrificial vessels. -7 A Daitya or demon in general -8 An attendant of (a) Sūrya, (b) Śiva. -9 N. of a demon, half-brother of Rāvaṇa and slain by Rāma; R.12.42. -1 N. of the 25th year of the sixty years cycle; खरो बालेयवर्षयोः Nm. -रम् ind. In a sharp way; Rām.3. -Comp. -अंशुः, -करः, -रश्मिः the sun. -अब्दाङ्कुरकः lapis lazuli. -उष्ट्रम् ass and camel; सममेषां विवीते$पि खरोष्ट्रं महिषीसमम् Y.2.16. -कण्डूयनम् making worse any evil; Mb.3. -कुटी 1 a stable for asses. -2 a barber's shop; a barber's bag तत्वं खरकुटीः पश्य Mbh.IV.1.3. -कोणः, -क्वाणः the francoline partridge. -कोमलः the month of Jyeṣttod;ha. -गृहम्, -गेहम् 1 a stable for asses. -2 a tent. -चर्मा a crocodile; Gīrvāṇa. -णस्, -णस a. sharp-nosed. -दण्डम् a lotus; खरदण्डजलाशयम् Bhāg.4. 6.29. -दला the opposite-leaved fig-tree. -दूषणः the thorn apple. -ध्वंसिन् m. an epithet of Rāma, who killed the demon खर; मध्यं पातु खरध्वंसी Rāma-rakṣā. -नादः the braying of an ass. -नालः a lotus; नार्वाग्गतस्तत्खरनालनाल- नाभिं विचिन्वंस्तदविन्दताजः Bhāg.3.8.19. -पात्रम् an iron vessel. -पादाढ्यः the wood-apple. -पालः a wooden vessel. -प्रियः a pigeon. -यानम् a donkey-cart; Ms.11.21. -लोमन् a kind of serpent; L. D. B. -वृषभः a jack-ass. -शब्दः 1 the braying of an ass. -2 an osprey. -शाला a stable for asses. -सारम् iron. -स्पर्श a. sharp, hot (wind); वायुर्वाति खरस्पर्शः Bhāg.1.14.16. -स्वरा wild jasmine. | | | gālanam | गालनम् [गल् णिच्-भावे ल्युट्] 1 Straining (fluids). -2 Fusing, liquefying, melting. -3 Reviling; cf. com. on Mb.12.68.31. | | | gāliḥ | गालिः f. [गल्-इन्] 1 Abuse, abusive or foul language; ददतु ददतु गालीर्गालिमन्तो भवन्तो वयमपि तदभावाद्गालिदाने$समर्थाः Bh.3.133; Rāj. T.6.157. -Comp. -दानम्, -प्रदानम् Reviling; Rāj. T..7.34. | | | gopaḥ | गोपः (-पी f.) [गुप्-अच्] 1 one who guards or protects; शालिगोप्यो जगुर्यशः R.4.2. -2 Hiding. concealment. -3 Reviling, abuse. -4 Flurry, agitation. -5 Light, lustre, splendour. | | | gopanam | गोपनम् [गुप् भावे ल्युट्] 1 Guarding, protecting; तदाहुः स्वस्य गोपनम् Av.12.4.1. -2 Hiding, concealing; उचितं गोपनमनयोः कुचयोः कनकाद्रिकान्तितस्करयोः Udb. -3 Reviling, abuse. -4 Flurry, hurry, alarm. -5 Light, lustre. -6 Envy, jealousy. -7 Perplexity, confusion. -ना 1 Protection. -2 Light, lustre. | | | grahaḥ | ग्रहः [ग्रह्-अच्] 1 Seizing, grasping, laying hold of, seizure, रुरुधुः कचग्रहैः R.19.31. -2 A grip, grasp, hold; विक्रम्य कौशिकं खड्गं मोक्षयित्वा ग्रहं रिपोः Mb.3.157.11; कर्कटक- ग्रहात् Pt.1.26. -3 Taking, receiving, accepting; receipt. -4 Stealing, robbing; अङ्गुलीग्रन्थिभेदस्य छेदयेत्प्रथमे ग्रहे Ms.9.277; so गोग्रहः. -5 Booty, spoil. -6 Eclipse; see ग्रहण. -7 A planet, (sometimes more particularly 'Rāhu'; वध्यमाने ग्रहेणाथ आदित्ये मन्युराविशत् Mb.1.24.7.) (the planets are nine :-- सूर्यश्चन्द्रो मङ्गलश्च बुधश्चापि बृहस्पतिः । शुक्रः शनैश्चरो राहुः केतुश्चेति ग्रहा नव ॥); नक्षत्रताराग्रहसंकुलापि (रात्रिः) R.6.22;3.13;12.28; गुरुणा स्तनभारेण मुखचन्द्रेण भास्वता । शनैश्चराभ्यां पादाभ्यां रेजे ग्रहमयीव सा ॥ Bh.1.17. -8 Mentioning; utterance, repeating (as of a name) नामजातिग्रहं त्वेषामभिद्रोहेण कुर्वतः Ms.8.271; Amaru.85. -9 A shark, crocodile. -1 An imp in general. -11 A particular class of evil demons supposed to seize upon children and produce convulsions &c. cf. Mb. Crit. ed. 3.219.26; कृष्णग्रहगृहीतात्मा न वेद जगदीदृशम् Bhāg.7.4.38. -12 Apprehension, perception; ज्योतिश्चक्षुर्गुणग्रहः. ...... श्रोत्रं गुणग्रहः Bhāg.2.1.21-22. -13 An organ or instrument of apprehension; Bṛi. Up.3.2.1. -14 Tenacity, perseverance, persistence; नृणां स्वत्वग्रहो यतः Bhāg.7.14.11. -15 Purpose, design. -16 Favour, patronage. -17 The place of a planet in the fixed zodiac. -18 The number 'nine'. -19 Any state of mind which proceeds from magical influences. -2 A house. -21 A spoonful, ladleful; ग्रहान्त्सोमस्य मिमते द्वादश Rv.1.114.5. -22 A ladle or vessel; चमसानां ग्रहाणां च शुद्धिः प्रक्षालनेन तु Ms.5.116. -23 The middle of a bow. -24 A movable point in the heavens. -25 Keeping back, obstructing. -26 Taking away, depriving; प्राण˚ Pt.1.295. -27 Preparation for war; ग्रहो$वग्रहनिर्बन्धग्रहणेषु रणोद्यमे । सूर्यादौ पूतनादौ च सैंहिकेये$पि तत् त्रिषु । Nm. -28 A guest (अतिथि); यथा सिद्धस्य चान्नस्य ग्रहायाग्रं प्रदीयते Mb.13.1.6. -29 Imprisoning, imprisonment; Mb.13.136.11. -Comp. -अग्रेसरः the moon; Dk.8.1. -अधीन a. subject to planetary influence. -अवमर्दनः an epithet of Rāhu. (-नम्) friction of the planets. -अधीशः the sun. -आधारः, -आश्रयः polar star (as the fixed centre of the planets). -आमयः 1 epilepsy. -2 demoniacal possession. -आलुञ्चनम् pouncing on one's prey, tearing it to pieces; श्येनो ग्रहालुञ्चने Mk.3.2. -आवर्तः horoscope. -ईशः the sun. -एकत्वन्यायः the rule according to which the gender and number of उद्देशपद is not necessarily combined along with the action laid down in the विधेयपद. This is discussed by जैमिनि and शबर at MS. III.1.13-15 (opp. of अरुणान्याय or पश्वेकत्वन्याय). -कल्लोलः an epithet of Rāhu. -कुण्डलिका the mutual relation of planets and prophecy derived from it. -गणितम् the astronomical part of a ज्योतिःशास्त्र. -गतिः the motion of the planets. -ग्रामणी the sun. -चिन्तकः an astrologer. -दशा the aspect of a planet, the time during which it continues to exercise its influence. -देवता the deity that presides over a planet. -नायकः 1 the sun. -2 an epithet of Saturn. -निग्रहौ (du.) reward and punishment. -नेमिः 1 the moon. -2 the section of the moon's course between the asterisms मूल and मृगशीर्ष. -पतिः 1 the sun. -2 the moon; तस्य विस्तीर्यते राज्यं ज्योत्स्ना ग्रहपतेरिव Mb.12.118.15. -पीडनम्, -पीडा 1 oppression caused by a planet. -2 an eclipse; शशिदिवाकरयोर्ग्रहपीडनम् Bh.2.91; H.1.51; Pt.2.19. -पुषः the sun. -भक्तिः f. division of countries &c. with respect to the presiding planets. -भोजनः 1 oblation offered to the planets. -2 a horse. -मण्डलम्, -ली the circle of the planets. -यज्ञः, -यागः worship or sacrifice offered to the planets. -युतिः, -योगः conjunction of planets. -युद्ध opposition of planets. -राजः 1 the sun. -2 the moon. -3 Jupiter. -लाघवम् N. of an astronomical work of the 16th century. -वर्षः the planetary year. -विप्रः an astrologer. -शान्तिः f. propitiation of planets by sacrifices &c. -शृङ्गाटकम् triangular position of the planets with reference to one another. -सङ्गमः conjunction of planets. -स्वरः the Ist note of a musical piece. | | | grāhiḥ | ग्राहिः 1 A female evil spirit; ग्राहिर्जग्राह यदि वैतदेनम् Rv. 1.161.1. -2 A swoon. | | | caṇḍa | चण्ड a. 1 (a) Fierce, violent, impetuous. (b) Passionate, angry, wrathful; अथैकधेनोपराधचण्डात् गुरोः कृशानुप्रतिमाद् बिभेषि R.2.49; M.3.2; see चण्डी below. -2 Hot, warm; as in चण्डांशु. -3 Active, quick. -4 Pungent, acrid. -5 Mischievous evil. -6 Circumcised. -ण्डः 1 An evil being or demon. -2 Śiva. -3 Skanda. -4 The tamarind tree. -ण्डम् 1 Heat, warmth. -2 Passion, wrath. adv. Violently, fiercely, angrily. -Comp. -अंशुः, -करः, -दीधितिः, -भानुः the sun; हेमन्त- शिशिरावाप्य चण्डांशोरिव मण्डलम् Rāj. T.4.41. -नायिका an epithet of Durgā. -मुण्डा a form of Durgā; (= चामुण्डा q. v.). -मृगः a wild animal. -विक्रम a. of impetuous valour, fierce in prowess. | | | cārvākaḥ | चार्वाकः [चारुः लोकसंमतो वाकोवाक्यं यस्य, पृषो˚ Tv.] 1 N. of a sophistical philosopher (said to have been a pupil of Brihaspati), who propounded the grossest form of atheism or materialism (for a summary of the doctrines of Chārvāka; see Sarva. S.1.). -2 A follower of the philosophy of Chārvākā चार्वाकाणामिवैषां हि भयं न परलोकतः Rāj. T.4.345. -3 N. of a Rākṣasa described in the Mahābhārata, as a friend of Duryodhana and an enemy of the Pāndavas. [When Yudhiṣṭhira entered Hastināpura in triumph, he assumed the form of a Brāhmaṇa and reviled him and the assembled Brāhmaṇas, but he was soon detected, and the real Brāhmaṇas, filled with fury, are said to have killed him on the spot. He also tried to deceive Yudhiṣṭhira at the end of the great war by telling him that Bhīma was slain by Duryodhana; see Ve.6]. -Comp. -मतम्. | | | cyuta | च्युत p. p. [च्यु-क्त च्युत्-क वा] 1 Fallen down, slipped, fallen. -2 Removed, expelled. -3 Strayed, erred, deviated from. -4 Deprived. -5 Broken, disordered. -6 Dropped, oozed out. -7 Lost, gone, perished; R.3.45. -8 Moved, shaken. -9 (also -त्री) Free quarters in connection with temples. -Comp. -अधिकार a. dismissed from office. -आत्मन् a. of a depraved soul, evil-minded; Ku.5.81. | | | jātaka | जातक a. [जात-स्वार्थे क] Born, produced. -कः 1 A new-born infant. -2 A mendicant. -कम् 1 A ceremony performed after the birth of a child (जातकर्मन्); जात- काद्याः क्रियाश्चास्या विधिपूर्वं यथाक्रमम् Mb.1.8.12; जातकं कारयामास वर्तयित्वा च मङ्गलम् Bhāg.1.12.13. -2 Astrological calculation of a nativity. -3 An aggregate of similar things. -Comp. -चक्रम् A circle foreboding good or evil in a man's life. -ध्वनिः a leech. | | | jhūṇiḥ | झूणिः (लिः) 1 A kind of betel-nut. -2 A voice from heaven boding ill-luck, an evil omen. -3 A thicket. | | | tarj | तर्ज् 1 P., 1 Ā. (often P. also) (तर्जति, तर्जयति-ते, तर्जित) 1 To threaten, menace, terrify; सखीमङ्गुल्या तर्जयति Ś.1; अहिताननिलोद्धृतैस्तर्जयन्निव केतुभिः R.4.28;11. 78,12.41; Bk.14.8. -2 To scold, revile, censure, blame; न जिह्रयांचकारा$थ सीतामभ्यर्थ्य तर्जितः Bk.6.3;8. 11;17.13. -3 To mock, deride. | | | damaḥ | दमः [दम् भावे घञ्] 1 Taming, subduing. -2 Selfcommand, subduing or curbing the passions, selfrestraint; Mb.1.1.2; Bg.1.4; (निग्रहो बाह्यवृत्तीनां दम इत्यभिधीयते). -3 Drawing the mind away from evil deeds or curbing its evil propensities; (कुत्सितात्कर्मणो विप्र यच्च चित्तनिवारणं स कीर्तितो दमः). -4 Firmness of mind, -5 Punishment, fine; चिकित्सकानां सर्वेषां मिथ्या प्रचरतां दमः Ms.9.284,29;8.293; Y.2.4; Bhāg.1.18.41. -6 Mire, mud. -7 Viṣṇu. -8 N. of a brother of Damayantī. | | | dasyuḥ | दस्युः [दस्-युच्] 1 N. of a class of evil beings or demons, enemies of gods and men, and slain by Indra, (mostly Vedic in this sense). -2 An outcast, a Hindu who has become an outcast by neglect of the essential rites; cf. Ms.5.131;1.45; दस्यूनां दीयतामेष साध्वद्य पुरुषा- धमः Mb.12.173.2. -3 A thief, robber, bandit; नीत्वोत्पथं विषयदस्युषु निक्षिपन्ति Bhāg.7.15.46; पात्रीकृतो दस्यु- रिवासि येन Ś.5.2; R.9.53; Ms.7 143. -4 A villain, miscreant; दस्योरस्य कृपाणपातविषयादाच्छिन्दतः प्रेयसीम् Māl. 5.28. -5 A desperado, violator, oppressor. | | | diś | दिश् f. [दिशति ददात्यवकाशं दिश्-क्विप्] (Nom. sing. दिक्- ग्) 1 A direction, cardinal point, point of the compass, quarter of the sky; दिशः प्रसेदुर्मरुतो वबुः सुखाः R.3.14; दिशि दिशि किरति सजलकणजालम् Gīt.4. -2 (a) The mere direction of a thing, hint, indication (of the general lines); इति दिक् (often used by commentators &c.); इत्थं लौकिक- शब्दानां दिङ्मात्रमिह दर्शितम् Sk. (b) (Hence) Mode, manner, method; मुनेः पाठोक्तदिशा S. D.; दिगियं सूत्रकृता प्रदर्शिता; दासीसभं नृपसभं रक्षःसभमिमा दिशः Ak. -3 Region, space, place in general. -4 A foreign or distant region. -5 A point of view, manner of considering a subject. -6 A precept, order. -7 The number 'ten'. -8 A side or party. -9 The mark of a bite. 'दिग्दष्टे वर्तुलाकारे करिका नखरेखिका' इति वैजयन्ती; परिणतदिक्करिकास्तटीर्बिभर्ति Śi.4.29. [N. B. In comp. दिश् becomes दिग् before words beginning with vowels and soft consonants, and दिक् before words beginning with hard consonants; e. g. दिगम्बर, दिग्गज, दिक्पथ, दिक्करिन्, &c.] -Comp. -अन्तः end of the direction or horizon, remote distance, remote place; दिगन्ते श्रूयन्ते मदमलिनगण्डाः करटिनः Bv.1.2; Māl.2.9; R.3.4;5.67; 16.87. नानादिगन्तागता राजानः &c. -अन्तरम् 1 another direction. -2 the intermediate space, atmosphere, space. -3 a distant quarter, another or foreign country; संचारपूतानि दिगन्तराणि कृत्वा दिनान्ते निलयाय गन्तुम् R.2.15. -अम्बर, -वासस् a. having only the directions for his clothing, stark naked, unclothed; दिगम्बरत्वेन निवेदितं वसु Ku.5.72; एकाकी गृहसंत्यक्तः पाणिपात्रो दिगम्बरः Pt.5.15; Ms.11.21. (-रः) 1 a naked mendicant (of the Jaina or Buddha sect.) -2 a mendicant, an ascetic. -3 an epithet of (1) Śiva; (2) Skanda. -4 darkness. (-री) an epithet of Durgā. -अम्बरकः a naked mendicant (of the Jaina sect). -अवस्थानम् the air -आगत a. Come from a distance; Y.2.254. -इभः See दिक्करिन् &c. दिगिभाः पूर्णकलशैः Bhāg.8.8.14;5.14.4. -ईशः -ईश्वरः regent of a quarter; चतुर्दिगीशानवमत्य मानिनी Ku.5.53; see अष्टदिक्पाल. -कन्या, -कान्ता, -कामिनी, -वधू a region of the sky (considered as a virgin). -करः 1 a youth, youthful man. -2 an epithet of Śiva. -करिका, -करी a young girl or woman. -करिन्, -गज, -दन्तिन्, -वारणः m. one of the eight elephants said to guard and preside over the eight cardinal points; (see अष्टदिग्गज); दिग्दन्तिशेषाः ककुभश्चकार Vikr.7.1. -ग्रहणम्, -बन्धः observation of the quarters of the compass; Bṛi. S.24.9. संपूज्य शारिकांदेवीं दिग्बन्धादिपुरःसरम् Ks.73.116. -चक्रम् 1 the horizon; Ratn.3.5. -2 the whole world. -जयः, -विजयः 'conquest of the directions, the conquest of various countries in all directions, conquest of the world; सुनिश्चितपुरं चक्रे दिग्जये कृतनिश्चयः Rāj. T. 4.183; स दिग्विजयमव्याजवीरः स्मरः इवाकरोत् Vikr.4.1. -तटम् the horizon. -दर्शनम् 1 showing merely the direction, pointing out only the general mode or manner. -2 a general outline or survey. -3 a compass. -दर्शिन् a. looking on all sides, having a general view. -दाहः preternatural redness of the horizon; दैग्दाहः 'a conflagration of the regions of the sky' (regarded as an evil omen) N.12.92; cf. Ms.4.115. -देशः 1 a distant region or country; दृश्यन्ते कुलनिम्नगा अपि परं दिग्देशकालाविमौ Rāj. T.4.38,417. -2 region, country; H.1. -नागः 1 an elephant of the quarter of the compass; see दिग्गज. -2 N. of a poet said to be a contemporary of Kālidāsa. (This interpretation is based on Mallinātha's gloss on दिङ्नागानां पथि परिहरन् स्थूल- हस्तावलेपान् Me.14; which is, however, very doubtful.) -पतिः, -पालः the regent or guardian of a quarter; Rāj. T.4.225 (for the names of the several regents, see अष्टदिक्पालः cf. Ms.5.96;7.33 also); सूर्यः शुक्रः क्षमापुत्रः सैंहिकेयः शनिः शशी । सौम्यस्त्रिदशमन्त्री च प्राच्यादिदिगधीश्वराः ॥ -Jyotistattvam. -पथः the surrounding region; सैन्यैर्नाना- पथायातैर्नदद्भिर्व्याप्तदिक्पथः Rāj. T.5.342. -भागः a point of the compass, direction. -भ्रमः perplexity about points of the compass, mistaking the way or direction; Vikr.5.66. -मण्डलम् = दिक्चक्रम् q.v. -मात्रम् the mere direction or indication. -मुखम् any quarter or part of the sky; हरति मे हरिवाहनदिङ्मुखम् V.3.6; Amaru.5. -मोहः mistaking the way or direction. -यात्रा a procession in different directions. -वसन, -वस्त्र a. stark naked, unclothed. (-स्त्रः) 1 a Jaina or Buddhist mendicant of the दिगम्बर class. -2 an epithet of Śiva. -विभा- वित a. renowned or celebrated in all quarters. -शूलम् a bad yoga in Astronomy; cf. शुक्रादित्यदिने न वारुणदिशं न ज्ञे कुजे चोत्तरां मन्देन्दोश्च दिने न शक्रककुभं याम्यां गुरौ न व्रजेत् । शूलानीति विलङ्घ्य यान्ति मनुजा ये वित्तलाभाशया भ्रष्टाशाः पुनरापतन्ति यदि ते शुक्रेण तुल्या अपि ॥ Jyotissārasaṅgraha. -साधनम् a means to make the journey in various quarters successful. | | | dur | दुर् ind. (A prefix substituted for दुस् before words beginning with vowels or soft consonants in the sense of 'bad'. 'hard' or 'difficult to do a certain thing'; for compounds with दुस् as first member see दुस् s. v.). -Comp. -अक्ष a. 1 weak-eyed. -2 evileyed. (-क्षः) 1 a loaded or false die. -2 dishonest gambling. -अक्षरम् an evil word; श्रुतिं ममाविश्य भवद्दुरक्षरं सृजत्यदः कीटकवदुत्कटा रुजः N.9.63. -अतिक्रम a. difficult to be overcome or conquered, unconquerable; सर्वं तु तपसा साध्यं तपो हि दुरति- क्रमम् Ms.11.2.38; स्वभावो दुरतिक्रमः 'nature cannot be changed'; स्वजातिर्दुरतिक्रमा Pt.1. -2 insurmountable, impassable; B. R.6.18-19. -3 inevitable. (-मः) an epithet of Viṣṇu. -अत्यय a. 1 difficult to be overcome; स्वर्गमार्गपरिघो दुरत्ययः R.11.88. -2 hard to be attained or fathomed; स एष आत्मा स्वपरेत्यबुद्धिभिर्दुरत्यया- नुक्रमणो निरूप्यते Bhāg.7.5.13. -अदृष्टम् ill-luck, misfortune. -अधिग, -अधिगम a. 1 hard to reach or attain, unattainable; Bhāg.3.23.8; दुरधिगमः परभागो यावत्पुरुषेण पौरुषं न कृतम् Pt.1.33. -2 insurmountable. -3 hard to be studied or understood; इह दुरधिगमैः किञ्चि- देवागमैः Ki.5.18. -अधिष्ठित a. badly performed, managed, or executed. (-तम्) improper stay at a place. -अधीत a. badly learnt or read. -अध्यय a. 1 difficult of attainment; सहस्रवर्त्मा चपलैर्दुरध्ययः Śi.12.11. -2 hard to be studied. -अध्यवसायः a foolish undertaking. -अध्वः a bad road; स्वयं दुरध्वार्णवनाविकाः कथं स्पृशन्तु विज्ञाय हृदापि तादृशीम् N.9.33. -अन्त a. 1 whose end is difficult to be reached, endless, infinite; संकर्षणाय सूक्ष्माय दुरन्तायान्तकाय च Bhāg. -2 ending ill or in misery, unhappy; अहो दुरन्ता बलवद्विरोधिता Ki.1.23; नृत्यति युवति- जनेन समं सखि विरहिजनस्य दुरन्ते (वसन्ते) Gīt.1; इयमुदरदरी- दुरन्तधारा यदि न भवेदभिमानभङ्गभूमिः Udb. -3 hard to be understood or known. -4 insurmountable. -अन्तक a. = दुरन्त q. v. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva. -अन्वय a. 1 difficult to be passed along; Mb.14.51.17. -2 hard to be carried out or followed. -3 difficult to be attained. or understood; बुद्धिश्च ते महाप्राज्ञ देवैरपि दुरन्वया Rām.3. 66.18. -4 not suitable, improper; वचो दुरन्वयं विप्रास्तूष्णी- मासन्भ्रमद्धियः Bhāg.1.84.14. (-यः) 1 a wrong conclusion, one wrongly inferred from given premisses. -2 (in gram.) a false agreement. -अपवादः ill report. slander. -अभिग्रह a. difficult to be caught. -अभि- मानिन् a. vain-glorious, disagreeably proud. -अवगम a. incomprehensible; Bhāg.5.13.26. -अवग्रह a. 1 difficult to be restrained or subjugated; भक्ता भजस्व दुरवग्रह मा त्यजास्मान् Bhāg.1.29.31. -2 disagreeable. -अवग्राह a. difficult to be attained; Bhāg.7.1.19. -अवच्छद a. difficult to be hidden; हेतुभिर्लक्षयांचक्रुराप्रीतां दुरवच्छदैः Bhāg.1.62.28. -अवबोध a. unintelligible. Bhāg.1.49.29. -अवसित a. unfathomed, difficult to be ascertained, द्युपतिभिरजशक्रशंकराद्यैर्दुरवसितस्तवमच्युतं नतो$स्मि Bhāg.12.12.67. -अवस्थ a. ill off, badly or poorly circumstanced. -अवस्था, -स्थानम् a wretched or miserable state; Bhāg.5.3.12. -अवाप a. difficult to be gained or fulfilled; Ś.1. -अवेक्षितम् an improper look. -अह्नः a bad day. -आकृति a. ugly, mis-shaped. -आक्रन्द a. crying bitterly or miserably; किं क्रन्दसि दुराक्रन्द स्वपक्ष- क्षयकारक Pt.4.29. -आक्रम a. 1 invincible, unconquerable. -2 difficult to be passed. -आक्रमणम् 1 unfair attack. -2 difficult approach. -आगमः improper or illegal acquisition. -आग्रहः foolish obstinacy, headstrongness, pertinacity; ममाहमित्यूढदुराग्रहाणां पुंसाम् Bhāg.3. 5.43. -आचर a. 1 hard to be performed. -2 incurable (as a disease). -आचार a. 1 ill-conducted, badly behaved. -2 following bad practices, wicked, depraved; अपि चेत्सुदुराचारो भजते मामनन्यभाक् Bg.9.3. (-रः) bad practice, ill-conduct, wikedness. -आढ्य a. not rich, poor. -आत्मता vileness, baseness, wickedness. -आत्मन् a. evil-natured, low, wicked, vile, base, mean; ये च प्राहुर्दुरात्मानो दुराराध्या महीभुजः Pt.1.39. (-m.) a rascal, villain, scoundrel. -आधर a. difficult to be withstood or overpowered, irresistible. -आधर्ष a. hard to be approached or assailed, unassailable जगन्नाथो दुराधर्षो गङ्गां भागीरथीं प्रति Mb. -2 not to be attacked with impunity. -3 haughty. (-र्षः) white mustard. -आधारः an epithet of Śiva. -आधिः (m.) 1 distress or anxiety of mind; निरस्तनारीसमया दुराधयः Ki.1.28. -2 indignation. -आधी a. Ved. malignant, thinking ill of. -आनम a. difficult to bend or draw; स विचिन्त्य धनुर्दुरानमम् R.11.38. -आप a. 1 difficult to be obtained; श्रिया दुरापः कथमीप्सितो भवेत् Ś.3.13; R.1.72;6.62. -2 difficult to be approached; Pt.1.67. -3 hard to be overcome. -आपादन a. difficult to be brought about; किं दुरापादनं तेषाम् Bhāg.3.23.42. -आपूर a. difficult to be filled or satisfied; Bhāg.7.6.8. -आबाध a. hard to be molested. (-धः) N. of Śiva. -आमोदः bad scent, stench; शवधूमदुरामोदः शालिभक्ते$त्र विद्यते Ks.82.22. -आराध्य a. difficult to be propitiated, hard to be won over or conciliated; दुराराध्याः श्रियो राज्ञां दुरापा दुष्परिग्रहाः Pt.1.38. -आरुह a. difficult to be mounted. (-हः) 1 the Bilva tree. -2 the cocoanut tree. -3 the date tree. -आरोप a. difficult to be strung (bow); दुरारोपमैन्दुशेखरं धनुर्दुर्निवारा रावणभुजदण्डाः B. R.1.46-47. -आरोह a. difficult of ascent. (-हः) 1 The cocoanut tree. -2 the palm tree. -3 the date tree. -आलापः 1 a curse, imprecation. -2 foul of abusive language. -आलोक a. 1 difficult to be seen or perceived. -2 painfully bright, dazzling; दुरालोकः स समरे निदाघाम्बररत्नवत् K. P.1. (-कः) dazzling splendour. -आव(वा)र a. 1 difficult to be covered or filled up; दुरावरं त्वदन्येन राज्यखण्डमिदं महत् Rām.2.15.5. -2 difficult to be restrained, shut in, kept back or stopped. -आवर्त a. difficult to be convinced or set up; भवन्ति सुदुरावर्ता हेतुमन्तो$पि पण्डिताः Mb.12.19.23. -आशय a. 1 evil-minded, wicked, malicious, स्फुटनिर्भिन्नो दुराशयो$धमः Śi. उपेयिवान् मूलमशेषमूलं दुराशयः कामदुघाङ्घ्रिपस्य Bhāg.3.21.15. -2 having a bad place or rest. (-m.) the subtle body which is not destroyed by death (लिङ्गदेह); एतन्मे जन्म लोके$स्मिन्मुमुक्षूणां दुराशयात् Bhāg.3.24. 36. -आशा 1 a bad or wicked desire. -2 hoping against hope. -आस a. difficult to be abided or associated with; संघर्षिणा सह गुणाभ्यधिकैर्दुरासम् Śi.5.19. -आसद a. 1 difficult to be approached or overtaken; स सभूव दुरासदः परैः R.3.66; 8.4; Mv.2.5; 4.15. -2 difficult to be found or met with. -3 unequalled, unparalleled. -4 hard to be borne, insupportable. -5 difficult to be conquered, unassailable, unconquerable; जहि शत्रुं महाबाहो कामरूपं दुरासदम् Bg.3.43. (-दः) an epithet of Śiva. -इत a. 1 difficult. -2 sinful. (-तम्) 1 a bad course, evil, sin; दरिद्राणां दैन्यं दुरितमथ दुर्वासनहृदां द्रुतं दूरीकुर्वन् G. L.2; R.8.2; Amaru.2; Mv.3.43. -2 a difficulty, danger. -3 a calamity, evil; अपत्ये यत्तादृग्- दुरितमभवत् U.4.3. -इतिः f. Ved. 1 a bad course. -2 difficulty. -इष्टम् 1 a curse, imprecation. -2 a spell or sacrificial rite performed to injure another person. -ईशः a bad lord or master. -ईषणा, -एषणा 1 a curse, an imprecation. -2 an evil eye. -उक्त a. harshly uttered; Pt.1.89. -उक्तम्, -उक्तिः f. offensive speech, reproach, abuse, censure; लक्ष्मि क्षमस्व वचनीयमिदं दुरुक्तम् Udb. -उच्छेद a. difficult to be destroyed. -उत्तर a. 1 unanswerable. -2 difficult to be crossed; दुरुत्तरे पङ्क इवान्धकारे Bk.11.2; प्राप्तः पङ्को दुरुत्तरः Ki.15.17. -उदय a. appearing with difficulty, not easily manifested; यो$ नात्मनां दुरुदयो भगवान्प्रतीतः Bhāg.3.16.5. -उदर्क a. having bad or no consequences; N.5.41. -उदाहर a. difficult to be pronounced or composed; अनुज्झितार्थसंबन्धः प्रबन्धो दुरुदाहरः Śi.2.73. -उद्वह a. burdensome, unbearable. -उपसद a. difficult of approach; Ki.7.9. -उपसर्पिन् a. approaching incautiously; एकमेव दहत्यग्निर्नरं दुरुपसर्पिणम् Ms.7.9. -ऊह a. abstruse; जानीते जयदेव एव शरणः श्लाघ्ये दुरूहद्रुते Gīt. -एव a. Ved. 1 having evil ways. -2 irresistible, unassailable. (-वः) a wicked person. -ओषस् a. Ved. slow, lazy. -ग 1 difficult of access, inaccessible, impervious, impassable; दुर्गस्त्वेष महापन्थाः Mb.12.3. 5; दुर्गं पथस्तत्कवयो वदन्ति Kaṭh.1.3.14. -2 unattainable. -3 incomprehensible. -4 following wicked path, vicious; Rām.2.39.22. (-गः, -गम्) 1 a difficult or narrow passage through a wood or over a stream, mountain &c., a defile, narrow pass. -2 a citadel. fortress, castle; न दुर्गं दुर्गमित्येव दुर्गमं मन्यते जनः । तस्य दुर्गमता सैव यत्प्रभुस्तस्य दुर्गमः ॥ Śiva. B.16.61. -3 rough ground. -4 difficulty, adversity, calamity, distress, danger; निस्तारयतिं दुर्गाच्च Ms.3.98;11.43; मच्चित्तः सर्व- दुर्गाणि मत्प्रसादात्तरिष्यसि; Bg.18.58. (-गः) 1 bdellium. -2 the Supreme Being. -3 N. of an Asura slain by Durgā (thus receiving her name from him). ˚अध्यक्षः, ˚पतिः, ˚पालः the commandant or governor of a castle. ˚अन्तः The suburb of a fort; दुर्गान्ते सिद्धतापसाः Kau. A. 1.12. ˚कर्मन् n. fortification. ˚कारक a. making difficult. (-कः) the birch tree. ˚घ्नी N. of Durgā. ˚तरणी an epithet of Sāvitrī. सावित्री दुर्गतरणी वीणा सप्तविधा तथा Mb. ˚मार्गः a defile, gorge. ˚लङ्घनम् surmounting difficulties. (-नः) a camel. ˚संचरः 1 a difficult passage as to a fort &c., a bridge &c. over a defile. ˚संस्कारः Repairs to the old forts; अतो दुर्गसंस्कार आरब्धव्ये किं कौमुदीमहोत्सवेन Mu. ˚सिंहः N. of the author of कलापपरिशिष्ट. ˚व्यसनम् a defect or weak point in a fortress. (-र्गा) an epithet of Pārvatī, wife of Śiva. -2 the female cuckoo -3 N. of several plants. ˚नवमी the 9th day of the bright half of कार्तिक. ˚पूजा the chief festival in honour of दुर्गा in Bengal in the month of Āśvina. -गत a. 1 unfortunate, in bad circumstances; समाश्वसिमि केनाहं कथं प्राणिमि दुर्गतः Bk.18.1. -2 indigent, poor. -3 distressed, in trouble. -गतता ill-luck, poverty, misery; तावज्जन्मातिदुःखाय ततो दुर्गतता सदा Pt.1.265. -गतिः f. 1 misfortune, poverty, want, trouble, indigence; न हि कल्याणकृत्कश्चिद् दुर्गतिं तात गच्छति Bg.6.4. -2 a difficult situation or path. -3 hell. -गन्ध a. ill-smelling. (-न्धः) 1 bad odour, stink -2 any ill-smelling substance. -3 an onion. -4 the mango tree. (-न्धम्) sochal salt. -गन्धि, -गन्धिन् a. ill-smelling. -गम a. 1 impassable, inaccessible, impervious; कामिनीकायकान्तारे कुचपर्वतदुर्गमे Bh.1.86; Śi. 12.49. -2 unattainable, difficult of attainment. -3 hard to be understood. (-मम्) a difficult place like hill etc; भ्राम्यन्ते दुर्गमेष्वपि Pt.5.81. -गाढ, -गाध, -गाह्य a. difficult to be fathomed or investigated, unfathomable. -गुणितम् not properly studied; चिराम्यस्तपथं याति शास्त्रं दुर्गुणितं यथा Avimārakam.2.4. -गोष्ठी evil association; conspiracy. वृद्धो रक्कः कम्पनेशो दुर्गोष्ठीमध्यगो$भवत् Rāj. T.6. 17. -ग्रह a. 1 difficult to be gained or accomplished. -2 difficult to be conquered or subjugated; दुर्गाणि दुर्ग्रहाण्यासन् तस्य रोद्धुरपि द्विषाम् R.17.52. -3 hard to be understood. (-हः) 1 a cramp, spasm. -2 obstinacy. -3 whim, monomania; कथं न वा दुर्ग्रहदोष एष ते हितेन सम्य- ग्गुरुणापि शम्यते N.9.41. -घट a. 1 difficult. कार्याणि घटयन्नासीद् दुर्घटान्यपि हेलया Rāj. T.4.364. -2 impossible. -घण a. 1 closely packed together, very compact. -घुरुटः An unbeliever; L. D. B. -घोषः 1 a harsh cry. -2 a bear. -जन a. 1 wicked, bad, vile. -2 slanderous, malicious, mischievous; यथा स्त्रीणां तथा वाचां साधुत्वे दुर्जनो जनः U.1.6. (-नः) a bad or wicked person, a malicious or mischievous man, villain; दुर्जनः प्रियवादी च नैतद्विश्वास- कारणम् Chāṇ.24,25; शाम्येत्प्रत्यपकारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4. (दुर्जनायते Den. Ā. to become wicked; स्वजनो$पि दरिद्राणां तत्क्षणाद् दुर्जनायते Pt.1.5.). (दुर्जनीकृ [च्वि] to make blameworthy; दुर्जनीकृतास्मि अनेन मां चित्रगतां दर्शयता Nāg.2). -जय a. invincible. (-यः) N. of Viṣṇu. -जर a. 1 ever youthful; तस्मिन्स्तनं दुर्जरवीर्यमुल्बणं घोराङ्कमादाय शिशोर्दधावथ Bhāg.1.6.1. -2 hard (as food), indigestible. -3 difficult to be enjoyed; राजश्रीर्दुर्जरा तस्य नवत्वे भूभुजो$भवत् Rāj. T.5.19. -जात a. 1 unhappy, wretched. -2 bad-tempered, bad, wicked; Rāj. T.3. 142. -3 false, not genuine. ˚जीयिन् a. one who is born in vain; यो न यातयते वैरमल्पसत्त्वोद्यमः पुमान् । अफलं जन्म तस्याहं मन्ये दुर्जातजायिनः ॥ Mb. (-तम्) 1 a misfortune, calamity, difficulty; त्वं तावद् दुर्जाते मे$त्यन्तसाहाय्यकारिणी भव M.3; दुर्जातबन्धुः R.13.72. 'a friend in need or adversity.' -2 impropriety. -जाति a. 1 bad natured, vile, wicked; रुदितशरणा दुर्जातीनां सहस्व रुषां फलम् Amaru.96. -2 outcast. (-तिः f.) misfortune, ill condition. -ज्ञान, -ज्ञेय a. difficult to be known, incomprehensible. उच्चावचेषु भुतेषु दुर्ज्ञेयामकृतात्मभिः Ms.6.73. (-यः) N. of Śiva. -णयः, -नयः, -नीतिः 1 bad conduct. -2 impropriety -3 injustice. -णामन्, -नामन् a. having a bad name. -णीत a. 1 ill-behaved. -2 impolitic. -3 forward. (-तम्) misconduct; दुर्णीतं किमिहास्ति किं सुचरितं कः स्थानलाभे गुणः H. -दम, -दमन, -दम्य a. difficult to be subdued, untamable, indomitable. -दर्श a. 1 difficult to be seen. -2 dazzling; सुदुर्दर्शमिदं रूपं दृष्टवानसि यन्मन Bg.11.52. -दर्शन a. ugly, ill-looking; दुर्दर्शनेन घटतामियमप्यनेन Māl.2.8. -दशा a misfortune, calamity. -दान्त a. 1 hard to be tamed or subdued, untamable; Śi.12.22. -2 intractable, proud, insolent; दुर्दान्तानां दमनविधयः क्षत्रियेष्वायतन्ते Mv.3.34. (-तः) 1 a calf. -2 a strife, quarrel. -3 N. of Śiva. -दिन a. cloudy, rainy. (-नम्) 1 a bad day in general; तद्दिनं दुर्दिनं मन्ये यत्र मित्रागमो हि न Subhāṣ. -2 a rainy or cloudy day, stormy or rainy weather; उन्नमत्यकालदुर्दिनम् Mk.5; Ku.6 43; Mv.4.57. -3 a shower (of anything); द्विषां विषह्य काकुत्स्थस्तत्र नाराचदुर्दिनम् ॥ सन्मङ्गलस्नात इव R.4.41,82;5.47; U.5.5. -4 thick darkness; जीमूतैश्च दिशः सर्वाश्चक्रे तिमिरदुर्दिनाः Mb. (दुर्दिनायते Den. Ā. to become cloudy.) -दिवसः a dark or rainy day; Pt.1.173. -दुरूटः, -ढः 1 an unbeliever -2 an abusive word. -दृश a. 1 disagreeable to the sight, disgusting; दुर्दृशं तत्र राक्षसं घोररूपमपश्यत्सः Mb.1.2.298. -2 difficult to be seen; पादचारमिवादित्यं निष्पतन्तं सुदुर्दृशम् Rām.7.33.5. -दृष्ट a. illjudged or seen, wrongly decided; Y.2.35. -दैवम् ill-luck, misfortune. -द्यूतम् an unfair game. -द्रुमः onion (green). -धर a. 1 irresistible, difficult to be stopped. -2 difficult to be borne or suffered; दुर्धरेण मदनेन साद्यते Ghat.11; Ms.7.28. -3 difficult to be accomplished. -4 difficult to be kept in memory. (-रः) quicksilver. -धर्ष a. 1 inviolable, unassailable. -2 inaccessible; संयोजयति विद्यैव नीचगापि नरं सरित् । समुद्रमिव दुर्धर्षं नृपं भाग्य- मतः परम् ॥ H. Pr.5. -3 fearful, dreadful. -4 haughty. -धी a. stupid, silly. -नयः 1 arrogance. -2 immorality. -3 evil strategy; उन्मूलयितुमीशो$हं त्रिवर्गमिव दुर्नयः Mu.5.22. -नामकः piles. ˚अरिः a kind of bulbous root (Mar. सुरण). -नामन् m. f. a cockle. (-n.) piles. -निग्रह a. irrepressible, unruly; मनो दुर्निग्रहं चलम् Bg.6.35. -निमित a. carelessly put or placed on the ground; पदे पदे दुर्निमिते गलन्ती R.7.1. -निमित्तम् 1 a bad omen; R.14.5. -2 a bad pretext. -निवार, -निवार्य a. difficult to be checked or warded off, irresistible, invincible. -नीतम् 1 misconduct, bad policy, demerit, misbehaviour; दुर्णीतं किमि- हास्ति Pt.2.21; H.1.49. -2 ill-luck. -नीतिः f. maladministration; दुर्नीतिं तव वीक्ष्य कोपदहनज्वालाजटालो$पि सन्; Bv.4.36. -नृपः a bad king; आसीत् पितृकुलं तस्य भक्ष्यं दुर्नृप- रक्षसः Rāj. T.5.417. -न्यस्त a. badly arranged; दुर्न्यस्त- पुष्परचितो$पि Māl.9.44. -बल a. 1 weak, feeble. -2 enfeebled, spiritless; दुर्बलान्यङ्गकानि U.1.24. -3 thin, lean, emaciated; U.3. -4 small, scanty, little; स्वार्थोप- पत्तिं प्रति दुर्बलाशः R.5.12. -बाध a. Unrestrained (अनिवार); दुर्बाधो जनिदिवसान्मम प्रवृद्धः (आधिः); Mv.6.28. -बाल a. 1 bald-headed. -2 void of prepuce. -3 having crooked hair. -बुद्धि a. 1 silly, foolish, stupid. -2 perverse, evil-minded, wicked; धार्तराष्ट्रस्य दुर्बुद्धेर्युद्धे प्रियचिकीर्षवः (समा- गताः) Bg.1.23 -बुध a. wicked-minded, silly; Mb. 11.4.18. -बोध a. unintelligible, unfathomable, inscrutable; निसर्गदुर्बोधमबोधविक्लवाः क्व भूपतीनां चरितं क्व जन्तवः Ki. 1.6. -भग a. 1 unfortunate, unlucky; श्रीवल्लभं दुर्भगाः (निन्दन्ति) Pt.1.415. -2 not possessed of good features, ill-looking. -भगा 1 a wife disliked by her husband; दुर्भगाभरणप्रायो ज्ञानं भारः क्रियां विना H.1.17. -2 an ill-tempered woman, a shrew. -3 a widow; -भर a. insupportable, burdensome, heavily laden with (comp.); ततो राजाब्रवीदेतं बहुव्यसनदुर्भरः Ks.112.156. -भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky. (ग्यम्) ill-luck. -भावना 1 an evil thought. -2 a bad tendency. -भिक्षम् 1 scarcity of provisions, dearth, famine; Y.2.147; Ms.8.22; उत्सवे व्यसने चैव दुर्भिक्षे... यस्तिष्ठति स बान्धवः H.1.71; Pt.2. -2 want in general. -भिद, -भेद, -भेद्य a. firm; सुजनस्तु कनकघटवद् दुर्भेद्यश्चाशु संध्येयः Subhāṣ. -भृत्यः a bad servant. -भिषज्यम् incurability; Bṛi. Up.4.3.14. -भ्रातृ m. a bad brother. -मङ्कु a. obstinate, disobedient. -मति a. 1 silly, stupid, foolish, ignorant. -2 wicked, evilminded; न सांपरायिकं तस्य दुर्मतेर्विद्यते फलम् Ms.11.3. -मद a. drunken, ferocious, maddened, infatuated; Bhāg.1.15.7. -दः foolish pride, arrogance. -दम् the generative organ; ग्रामकं नाम विषयं दुर्मदेन समन्वितः Bhāg.4.25.52. -मनस् a. troubled in mind, discouraged, disspirited, sad, malancholy; अद्य बार्हस्पतः श्रीमान् युक्तः पुष्येण राघवः । प्रोच्यतै ब्राह्मणैः प्राज्ञैः केन त्वमसि दुर्मनाः ॥ Rām. [दुर्मनायते Den. Ā. to be troubled in mind, be sad, meditate sorrowfully, to be disconsolate, become vexed or fretted; Māl.3]. -मनुष्यः a bad or wicked man. -मन्त्रः, -मन्त्रितम्, -मन्त्रणा evil advice, bad counsel; दुर्मन्त्रान्नृपतिर्विनश्यति; Pt.1.169. -मरम् a hard or difficult death; Mb.14.61.9. -मरी a kind of दूर्वा grass. -मरणम् violent or unnatural death. -मर्ष a. 1 unbearable; Bhāg.6.5.42. -2 obstinate, hostile. -मर्षणः N. of Viṣṇu. -मर्षित a. provocated, encouraged; एवं दुर्मर्षितो राजा स मात्रा बभ्रुवाहनः Mb.14. 79.13, -मर्याद a. immodest, wicked. -मल्लिका, -मल्ली a minor drama, comedy, farce; S. D.553. -मित्रः 1 a bad friend. -2 an enemy. -मुख a. 1 having a bad face, hideous, ugly; Bh.1.9. -2 foul-mouthed, abusive, scurrilous; Bh.2.69. (-खः) 1 a horse. -2 N. of Śiva. -3 N. of a serpent king (Nm.) -4 N. of a monkey (Nm.) -5 N. of a year (29th year out of 6 years cycle). -मूल्य a. highly priced, dear. -मेधस् a. silly, foolish, dull-headed, dull; Pt.1. (-m.) a dunce, dull-headed man, blockhead; ग्रन्थानधीत्य व्याकर्तु- मिति दुर्मेधसो$प्यलम् Śi.2.26. -मैत्र a. unfriendly, hostile; Bhāg.7.5.27. -यशस् n. ill-repute, dishonour. -योगः 1 bad or clumsy contrivance. -2 a bad combination. -योध, -योधन a. invincible, unconquerable. (-नः) the eldest of the 11 sons of Dhṛitarāṣṭra and Gāndhārī. [From his early years he conceived a deep hatred for his cousins the Pāṇḍavas, but particularly Bhīma, and made every effort he could to compass their destruction. When his father proposed to make Yudhiṣṭhira heir-apparent, Duryodhana did not like the idea, as his father was the reigning sovereign, and prevailed upon his blind father to send the Pāṇḍavas away into exile. Vāraṇāvata was fixed upon as their abode, and under pretext of constructing a palatial building for their residence, Duryodhana caused a palace to be built mostly of lac, resin and other combustible materials, thereby hoping to see them all destroyed when they should enter it. But the Paṇḍavas were forewarned and they safely escaped. They then lived at Indraprastha, and Yudhiṣṭhira performed the Rājasuya sacrifice with great pomp and splendour. This event further excited the anger and jealousy of Duryodhana, who was already vexed to find that his plot for burning them up had signally failed, and he induced his father to invite the Pāṇḍavas to Hastināpura to play with dice (of which Yudhiṣṭhira was particularly fond). In that gambling-match, Duryodhana, who was ably assisted by his maternal uncle Śakuni, won from Yudhiṣṭhira everything that he staked, till the infatuated gambler staked himself, his brothers, and Draupadī herself, all of whom shared the same fate. Yudhiṣṭhira, as a condition of the wager, was forced to go to the forest with his wife and brothers, and to remain there for twelve years and to pass one additional year incognito. But even this period, long as it was, expired, and after their return from exile both the Pāṇḍavas and Kauravas made great preparations for the inevitable struggle and the great Bhāratī war commenced. It lasted for eighteen days during which all the Kauravas, with most of their allies, were slain. It was on the last day of the war that Bhīma fought a duel with Duryodhana and smashed his thigh with his club.] मोघं तवेदं भुवि नामधेयं दुर्योधनेतीह कृतं पुरस्तात् न हीह दुर्योधनता तवास्ति पलायमानस्य रणं विहाय Mb.4.65.17. -योनि a. of a low birth, न कथंचन दुर्योनिः प्रकृतिं स्वां नियच्छति Ms.1.59. -लक्ष्य a. difficult to be seen or perceived, hardly visible. -क्ष्यम् bad aim; मनः प्रकृत्यैव चलं दुर्लक्ष्यं च तथापि मे Ratn.3.2. -लभ a. 1 difficult to be attained, or accomplished; R.1.67;17.7; Ku.4.4;5.46,61; दुर्लभं भारते जन्म मानुष्यं तत्र दुर्लभम् Subhāṣ. -2 difficult to be found or met with, scarce, rare; शुद्धान्तदुर्लभम् Ś.1.17. -3 best, excellent, eminent. -ग्रामः a village situated close to a large village and inhabited by the free-holders (अग्र- हारोपजीविनः); Māna.1.79-8. -4 dear, beloved. -5 costly. -ललित a. 1 spoilt by fondling, fondled too much, hard to please; हा मदङ्कदुर्ललित Ve.4; V.2.8; Māl.9. -2 (hence) wayward, naughty, illbred, unruly; स्पृहयामि खलु दुर्ललितायास्मै Ś.7. (-तम्) waywardness, rudeness. -लेख्यम् a forged document. Y.2.91. -वच a. 1 difficult to be described, indescribable. अपि वागधिपस्य दुर्वचं वचनं तद् विदधीत विस्मयम् Ki.2.2. -2 not to be talked about. -3 speaking improperly, abusing. (-चम्) abuse, censure, foul language. -वचस् n. abuse, censure; असह्यं दुर्वचो ज्ञातेर्मेघा- न्तरितरौद्रवत् Udb. -वर्ण a. bad-coloured. -र्णः 1 bad colour. -2 impurity; यथा हेम्नि स्थितो वह्निर्दुवर्णं हन्ति धातु- जम् Bhāg.12.3.47. (-र्णम्) 1 silver. दुर्वर्णभित्तिरिह सान्द्रसुधासुवर्णा Śi.4.28. -2 a kind of leprosy. -वस a. difficult to be resided in. -वसतिः f. painful residence; R.8.94. -वह a. heavy, difficult to be borne; दुर्वहगर्भखिन्नसीता U.2.1; Ku.1.11. -वाच् a. speaking ill. (-f.) 1 evil words, abuse. -2 inelegant language or speech. -वाच्य a. 1 difficult to be spoken or uttered. -2 abusive, scurrilous. -3 harsh, cruel (as words). (-च्यम्) 1 censure, abuse. -2 scandal, ill-repute. -वातः a fart. ˚वातय Den. P. to break wind or fart; इत्येके विहसन्त्येनमेके दुर्वातयन्ति च Bhāg.11.23.4. -वादः slander, defamation, calumny. -वार, -वारण a. irresistible, unbearable; R.14.87; किं चायमरिदुर्वारः पाणौ पाशः प्रचेतसः Ku.2.21. -वासना 1 evil propensity, wicked desire; कः शत्रुर्वद खेददानकुशलो दुर्वासनासंचयः Bv. 1.86. -2 a chimera. -वासस् a. 1 ill-dressed. -2 naked. (-m.) N. of a very irascible saint or Ṛiṣi, son of Atri and Anasūyā. (He was very hard to please, and he cursed many a male and female to suffer misery and degradation. His anger, like that of Jamadagni, has become almost proverbial.) -वाहितम् a heavy burden; उरोजपूर्णकुम्भाङ्का सदुर्वाहितविभ्रमा Rāj. T.4.18. -विगाह, -विगाह्य a. difficult to be penetrated or fathomed, unfathomable. -विचिन्त्य inconceivable, inscrutable -विद a. difficult to be known or discovered; नूनं गतिः कृतान्तस्य प्राज्ञैरपि सुदुर्विदा Mb.7.78. 2. -विदग्ध 1 unskilled, raw, foolish, stupid, silly. -2 wholly ignorant. -3 foolishly puffed up, elated. vainly proud; वृथाशस्त्रग्रहणदुर्विदग्ध Ve.3; ज्ञानलवदुर्विदग्धं ब्रह्मापि नरं न रञ्जयति Bh.2.3. -विद्ध a. Badly perforated (a pearl); Kau. A.2.11. -विद्य a. uneducated; Rāj. T.1.354. -विध a. 1 mean, base, low. -2 wicked, vile. -3 poor, indigent; विदधाते रुचिगर्वदुर्विधम् N.2.23. -4 stupid, foolish, silly; विविनक्ति न बुद्धिदुर्विधः Śi.16.39. -विनयः misconduct, imprudence. -विनीत a. 1 (a) badly educated, ill-mannered; ill-behaved, wicked; शासितरि दुर्विनीतानाम् Ś.1.24. (b) rude, naughty, mischievous. -2 stubborn, obstinate. (-तः) 1 a restive or untrained horse. -2 a wayward person, reprobate. -विपाक a. producing bad fruit; श्रितासि चन्दनभ्रान्त्या दुर्विपाकं विषद्रुमम् U.1.46. (-कः) 1 bad result or consequence; U.1.4; किं नो विधिरिह वचने$प्यक्षमो दुर्विपाकः Mv. 6.7. -2 evil consequences of acts done either in this or in a former birth. -विभाव्य a. inconceivable; also दुर्विभाव; असद्वृत्तेरहो वृत्तं दुर्विभावं विधेरिव Ki.11.56. -विमर्श a. difficult to be tried or examined; यो दुर्विमर्शपथया निजमाययेदं सृष्ट्वा गुणान्विभजते तदनुप्रविष्टः Bhāg.1.49.29. -विलसितम् a wayward act, rudeness, naughtiness; डिम्भस्य दुर्विलसितानि मुदे गुरूणाम् B. R.4.6. -विलासः a bad or evil turn of fate; U.1. -विवाहः a censurable marriage; इतरेषु तु शिष्टेषु नृशंसानृतवादिनः । जायन्ते दुर्विवाहेषु ब्रह्मधर्मद्विषः सुताः ॥ Ms.3.41. -विष a. ill-natured, malignant. (-षः) N. of Śiva. -विषह a. unbearable, intolerable, irresistible. (-हः) N. of Śiva. -वृत्त a. 1 vile, wicked, ill-behaved. -2 roguish. (-त्तम्) misconduct, ill-behaviour. दुर्वृत्तवृत्तशमनं तव देवि शीलम् Devīmāhātmya. -वृत्तिः f. 1 misconduct. -2 misery, want, distress. -3 fraud. -वृष्टिः f. insufficient rain, drought. -वेद a. difficult to be known or ascertained. -व्यवहारः a wrong judgment in law. -व्यवहृतिः f. ill-report or rumour. -व्यसनम् 1 a fond pursuit or resolve; Mu.3. -2 bad propensity, vice; तेन दुर्व्यसनेनासीद्भोजने$पि कदर्थना Ks.73.73. -व्रत a. not conforming to rules, disobedient. -हुतम् a badly offered sacrifice. -हृद् a. wicked-hearted, ill-disposed, inimical; अकुर्वतोर्वां शुश्रूषां क्लिष्टयोर्दुर्हृदा भृशम् Bhāg.1.45.9. (-m.) an enemy. -हृदय a. evil-minded, evil-intentioned, wicked. -हृषीक a. having defective organs of sense. | | | duṣṭa | दुष्ट p. p. [दुष्-क्त] 1 Spoiled, damaged, injured, ruined. -2 Defiled, tainted, violated, sullied. -3 Depraved, corrupted. -4 Vicious, wicked; as दुष्टवृषः; वरं शून्या शाला न च खलु वरो दुष्टवृषभः H.1.117. -5 Guilty, culpable. -6 Low, vile. -7 Faulty or defective, as a हेतु in logic. -8 Painful. -9 Worthless, -ष्टा 1 A bad or unchaste woman. -2 A harlot. -ष्टम् 1 Sin, crime, guilt. -2 A kind of leprosy. -Comp. -आत्मन्, -आशय a. evil-minded, wicked. -गजः a vicious elephant. -चारिन् a. wicked, sinful. -चेतस्, -धी, -बुद्धि a. evil-minded, malevolent, wicked. -लाङ्गलम् N. of a particular form of the moon. -वृषः a strong but stubborn ox which refuses to draw, a vicious ox. -व्रणः 1 a dull boil or sore. -2 a sinus. | | | doṣaḥ | दोषः [दुष् भावे करणे वा घञ्] 1 (a) A fault, blame, censure, defect, blemish, weak point; पत्रं नैव यदा करीर- विटपे दोषो वसन्तस्य किम् Bh.2.93; Pt.1.242; नात्र कुलपति- र्दोषं ग्रहीष्यति Ś.3. 'will not find fault or take exception'; so पुनरुक्तदोषा R.14.9. विसृज्य शूर्पवद्दोषान् गुणान् गृह्णन्ति साधवः । दोषग्राही गुणत्यागी चालनीव हि दुर्जनः ॥ Udb. (b) An error, a mistake. -2 A crime, sin guilt, offence; जायामदोषामुत संत्यजामि R.14.34; Ms.8.25; Y.3.79; also अधर्मदोष; cf. Rām.3.66.16. -3 Noxious quality, badness, injurious nature or quality; as in आहारदोष; cf. Ms.1.14. -4 Harm, evil, danger, injury; बहुदोषा हि शर्वरी Mk.1.58; अनुसरति हि शशाङ्कं राहु-दोषे$पि तारा Pratimā1.25. को दोषः 'what harm is there'. -5 Bad or injurious consequence, detrimental effect; तत्किमयमातपदोषः स्यात् Ś.3; अदाता वंशदोषेण कर्मदोषाद्दरिद्रता Chāṇ.49; Ms.1.14. -6 Morbid affection, disease. -7 Disorder of the three humours of the body, or the three humours when in a disordered state, -8 (In Nyāya. &c.) A fault of a definition : (i. e. अव्याप्ति, अतिव्याप्ति and असंभव). -9 (In Rhet.) A fault or defect of composition (such as परदोष, पदांशदोष, वाक्यदोष, रसदोष, and अर्थदोष which are defined and illustrated in the 7th Ullāsa of K. P.). -1 A calf. -11 Refutation. -12 Evening, dusk; cf. दोषा; दोषे हृषीकेश उतार्धरात्रे निशीथ एको$वतु पद्मनाभः Bhāg.6.8.21. -Comp. -अक्षरम् accusation. -आकर a. faulty. -आरोपः charge, accusation. -एकदृश् a. fault-finding, censorious, picking holes. -कर, -कारिन्, -कृत् a. causing evil, hurtful. -गुणम् bad and good qualities; बीजानामुप्तिविच्च स्यात्क्षेत्रदोषगुणस्य च (जानीयात्) Ms.9.33. -ग्रस्त a. 1 convicted, guilty. -2 full of faults or defects. -ग्राहिन् a. 1 malicious, malignant. -2 censorious. -ज्ञ a. knowing faults &c. (-ज्ञः) 1 a wise or learned man; R.1.93. -2 a physician. -3 a teacher. -त्रयम् disorder or vitiation of the three humours of the body; (i. e. वात, पित्त and कफ). -दृष्टि a. looking at faults, censorious, -प्रसंगः attaching blame, condemnation, censure. -भक्तिः f. tendency to a disease. -भाज् a. faulty, guilty, wrong, a villain. -भेदः a peculiar modification of the vitiation of three humours. -स्थानम् the seat of disorder of the humours. | | | dus | दुस् A prefix to nouns and sometimes to verbs meaning 'bad, evil, wicked, inferior, hard or difficult, &c.' (N. B. The स् of दुस् is changed to र् before vowels and soft consonants, see दुर्; to a Visarga before sibilants, to श् before च् and छ्, and to ष् before क् and प्.) -Comp. -उपस्थान a. difficult to be approached; यो रणे दुरुपस्थानो हस्तरोधं दधद् धनुः Bk.5.32. -कर a. 1 wicked, acting badly; काँल्लोकांस्तु गमिष्यामि कृत्वा कर्म सुदुष्करम् Mb.12. 27.18. -2 hard to be done or accomplished, arduous, difficult; वक्तुं सुकरं कर्तुं दुष्करम् 'sooner said than done'; Amaru.46; Mk.3.1.; Ms.7.55. (-रम्) 1 a difficult or painful task or act, difficulty. -2 atmosphere, ether. -कर्मन् n. 1 any bad act, sin, crime. -2 any difficult or painful act. -3 A wicked man; ततो वसति दुष्कर्मा नरके शाश्वतीः समाः Mb. -कालः 1 bad times; दुष्काले$पि कलाव- सज्जनरुचौ प्राणैः परं रक्षता Mu.7.5. -2 the time of universal destruction. -3 an epithet of Śiva. -कुलम् a bad or low family; (आददीत) स्त्रीरत्नं दुष्कुलादपि Ms.2.238. -कुलीन a. low-born. -कुह a. hypocritical; अतीन्द्रियेणात्मनि दुष्कुहो$यं मया जनो योजयितुं न शक्यः Bu. Ch.1.18. -कृत्, -कृतिन् m. a wicked person; विनाशाय च दुष्कृताम् Bg.4.8; पुनः पुनर्दुष्कृतिनं निनिन्द R.14.57. -कृतम्, -कृतिः f. a sin, misdeed; उभे सुकृतदुष्कृते Bg.2.5; (ददर्श) ततस्तान् भिद्यमानांश्च कर्मभिः दुष्कृतैः स्वकैः Rām.7.21.21. -क्रम a. ill-arranged, unmethodical, unsystematic. -क्रिया a misdemeanour, bad act. -क्रीत a. not properly purchased; क्रीत्वा मूल्येन यो द्रव्यं दुष्क्रीतं मन्यते क्रयी Nārada Smṛiti. -चर a. 1 hard to be performed or accomplished, arduous, difficult; चरतः किल दुश्चरं तपस्तृण- बिन्दोः परिशङ्कितः पुरा R.8.79; Ku.7.65. -2 inaccessible, unapproachable. -3 acting ill, behaving wickedly. (-रः) 1 a bear. -2 a bi-valve shell. ˚चारिन् a. practising very austere penance. -चरित a. wicked, ill-behaved, abandoned. (-तम्) misbehaviour, ill-conduct; तथा दुश्चरितं सर्वं वेदे त्रिवृति मज्जति Ms.11.263. -चर्मन् a. affected with a disease of the skin, leprous. (-m.) 1 a circumcised man, or one whose prepuce is naturally wanting. -चिकित्स्य a. difficult to be cured, incurable. सुदुश्चिकि- त्स्यस्य भवस्य मृत्योर्भिषक्तमं त्वाद्य गतिं गताः स्म Bhāg.4.3.38. -चिक्यम् the third लग्नराशि; दुश्चिक्यं स्यात्तृतीयकम् Jyotistattvam. -चित्त a. melancholy, sad. -चेष्टितम् misconduct, error. -च्यवनः an epithet of Indra; अत्तुं महेन्द्रियं भागमेति दुश्च्यवनो$धुना Bk.5.11. -च्यावः an epithet of Śiva. -च्छद a difficult to be clothed, tattered. -तर a. (दुष्टर or दुस्तर) 1 difficult to be crossed; तितीर्षुर्दुस्तरं मोहादुडुपेनास्मि सागरम् R.1.2; Ms;4.242; प्रविशेन्मुखमाहेयं दुस्तरं वा महार्णवम् Pt.1.111. -2 difficult to be subdued, insuperable, invincible. -3 not to be surpassed or excelled. -4 difficult to be borne or endured. -तर्कः false reasoning. -पच (दुष्पच) a. difficult to be digested. -पतनम् 1 falling badly. -2 a word of abuse, abusive epithet (अपशब्द). -परिग्रह a. difficult to be seized, taken, or kept; Pt.1.67. लोकाधाराः श्रियो राज्ञां दुरापा दुष्परिग्रहाः Kām. (-हः) a bad wife. -पान a. difficult to be drunk. -पार a. 1 difficult to be crossed. -2 difficult to be accomplished. -पूर a. difficult to be filled or satisfied; दुष्पूरो- दरपूरणाय पिबति स्रोतःपतिं वाडवः Bh.; Bg.3.39. -प्रकाश a. obscure, dark, dim. -प्रक्रिया little authority; Rāj. T.8.4. -प्रकृति a. ill-tempered. evilnatured. -प्रजस् a. having bad progeny. -प्रज्ञ (दुष्प्रज्ञ) a. weakminded, stupid. -प्रज्ञानम् bad intellect. -प्रणीत a. ill-arranged or managed. (-तम्) impolitic conduct; Mb.8.5.2. -प्रतर a. difficult to be overcome or understood; धर्मं सूक्ष्मतरं वाच्यं तत्र दुष्प्रतरं त्वया Mb.12.19.7. -प्रतीक a. difficult to know or recognise; दुष्प्रतीकमरण्ये$स्मिन्किं तात वनमागतः Rām.2.1.5. -प्रद a. causing pain or sorrow; अद्य भीताः पलायन्तु दुष्प्रदास्ते दिशो दश Rām.2.16.29. -प्रधर्ष, -प्रधृष्य 1 un assailable; see दुर्धर्ष; सा दुष्प्रधर्षा मनसापि हिंस्रैः R.2.27. -2 secure from assault, intangible. -प्रमेय a. immeasurable. -प्रवादः slander, calumnious report, scandal. -प्रवृत्तिः f. bad news, evil report; तेषां शूर्पणखैवैका दुष्प्रवृत्तिहराभवत् R.12.51. -प्रसह (दुष्प्रसह) a. 1 irresistible, terrible. -2 hard to bear or endure; M.5.1; R.3.58. -प्राप, -प्रापण a. unattainable, hard to get; R.1.48; असंयता- त्मना योगो दुष्प्राप इति मे मतिः Bg.6.36. -प्रीति f. displeasure. -मरम् a sad demise; अकाले दुर्मरमहो यज्जीवामस्तया विना Bk.6.14. -शंस a. Ved. evil-minded, malevolent, wicked. -शक, -शक्त a.powerless, weak. -शकुनम् a bad omen. -शला N. of the only daughter of धृतराष्ट्र given in marriage to Jayadratha. -शासन a. difficult to be managed or governed, intractable. (-नः) N. of one of the 1 sons of धृतराष्ट्र. [He was brave and warlike, but wicked and intractable. When Yudhiṣṭhira staked and lost even Draupadī, Duhśāsana dragged her into the assembly by her hair and began to strip her of every clothing; but Krisna, ever ready to help the distressed, covered her from shame and ignominy. Bhīma was so much exasperated at this dastardly act of Duhśāsana that he vowed in the assembly that he would not rest till he had drunk the villain's blood. on the 16th day of the great war Bhīma encountered Duhśāsana in a single combat, killed him with ease, and drank, according to his resolution, his blood to his heart's content.] -शील (दुश्शील) a. ill-mannered or ill behaved, reprobate. -शृङ्गी a disloyal wife. -ष्ठु see दुस्थ a. unsettled, in calamity; कथं दुष्ठुः स्वयं धर्मे प्रजास्त्वं पालयिष्यसि Bk.6.132. -संचार a. difficult to be passed; दुःसंचारासु नगरवीथीषु; Pt.1.173. -षम (दुःषम or दुष्षम), -सम (दुःसम or दुस्सम) a. 1 uneven, unlike, unequal. -2 adverse, unfortunate, -3 evil, improper, bad. -षमम्, -समम् ind. ill, wickedly. -सत्त्वम् an evil being. -सथः 1 a dog. -2 a cock; L. D. B. -संधान, -संधेय a. difficult to be united or reconciled. -मृद्धटवत् सुखभेद्यो दुःसन्धानश्च दुर्जनो भवति Subhāṣ. -संस्थित a. very sinful or ugly to look at; Rām.2.9.4. -सह (दुस्सह) a. unbearable, irresistible, insupportable. भवत्यनिष्टादपि नाम दुःसहात् Ku. -साक्षिन् m. a false witness. -साध, -साध्य a. 1 difficult to be accomplished or managed. -2 difficult to be cured. -3 difficult to be conquered. -साधिन् m. door-keeper; L. D. B. -सुप्त a. having bad dreams (in one's sleep). -स्थ, -स्थित a. (written also दुस्थ and दुस्थित) 1 ill-conditioned, poor, miserable. -2 suffering pain, unhappy, distressed; कल्पान्तदुःस्था वसुधा तथोहे Bk. -3 unwell, ill. -4 unsteady, disquieted. -5 foolish, unwise, ignorant. -स्थम् ind. badly, ill, unwell; दुःस्थं तिष्ठसि यच्च पथ्यमधुना कर्तास्मि तच्छ्रो- ष्यसि; Amaru. -स्थितिः f. 1 bad condition or situation, unhappiness, misery. -2 instability. -स्पृष्टम् (दुः-दुस्पृ- ष्टम्) 1 slight touch or contact. -2 slight touch or action of the tongue which produces the sounds य्, र्, ल् and व्; दुस्पृष्टश्चेति विज्ञेयो लृकारः प्लुत एव च. -स्फाटः a kind of weapon; L. D. B. -स्मर a. hard or painful to remember; U.6.34. -स्वप्नः a bad dream. | | | dṛṣṭa | दृष्ट p. p. [दृश्-कर्मणि-क्त] 1 Seen, looked, perceived, observed, beheld; उभयोरपि दृष्टो$न्तः Bg.2.16. -2 Visible, observable. -3 Regarded, considered; दृष्टो विवृत्य बहुशो$प्यनया सतृष्णम् Ś.3.1. -4 Occurring, found. -5 Appearing, manifested. -6 Known, learned, understood. -7 Determined, decided, fixed; तदहं यष्टुमिच्छामि शास्त्रदृष्टेन कर्मणा Rām.1.8.9. -8 Valid. -9 Allotted. -1 Experienced, suffered, endured, felt. -11 Treated of; see दृश्. -ष्टम् 1 Perception, observation. -2 Danger from dacoits. -Comp. -अदृष्ट a. 1 seen for the first time. -2 scarcely or hardly seen. -3 relating to the present and future life; दृष्टादृष्टक्रियासिद्धिर्न् भवेत्तादृगन्यथा Rāj. T.1. 13. -अन्तः, -तम् 1 an example, illustration, parable; पूर्णश्चन्द्रोदयाकाङ्क्षी दृष्टान्तो$त्र महार्णवः Śi.2.31; साध्यसाधर्म्यात् तद्धर्मभावो दृष्टान्त उदाहरणम् Gautamasutra. -2 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech in which an assertion or statement is illustrated by an example (distinguished from उपमा and प्रतिवस्तूपमा; see K. P.1 and R. G. ad. loc.). -3 a Śāstra or science; शोभार्थं विहितास्तत्र न तु दृष्टान्तः कृताः Mb.2.3.13. -4 death (cf. दिष्टान्त). -अर्थ a. 1 having the object or meaning obvious or quite apparent. -2 practical. -3 having a clear idea about anything. ˚आपत्तिः (see अर्थापत्तिः). -कष्ट, -दुःख &c. a. one who has experienced or suffered misery, inured to hardships. -कूटम् a riddle, an enigma. -दोष a. 1 found fault with, considered to be faulty; Ś.2. -2 vicious. -3 exposed, detected. -पृष्ठ a. running from a battlefield. -प्रत्यय a. 1 having confidence manifested. -2 convinced. -रजस् f. a girl arrived at puberty. -व्यतिकर a. 1 one who has experienced a misfortune. -2 one who foresees evil. | | | dṛṣṭiḥ | दृष्टिः f. [दृश्-भावे-क्तिन्] 1 Seeing, viewing. -2 Seeing with the mental eye. -3 Knowing, knowledge; सम्यग्- दृष्टिस्तस्य परं पश्यति यस्त्वाम् Ki.18.28. -4 The eye, the faculty of seeing, sight; केनेदानीं दृष्टिं विलोभयामि V.2; चलापाङ्गं दृष्टिं स्पृशसि &Sacute.1.23.; दृष्टिस्तृणीकृतजगत्त्रयसत्त्वसारा U.6.19; R.2.28; Ś.4.2; देव दृष्टिप्रसादं कुरु H.1. -5 A look, glance. -6 View, notion; क्षुद्रदृष्टिरेषा K.173; एतां दृष्टिमवष्टभ्य Bg. 16.9. -7 Consideration, regard. -8 Intellect, wisdom; तुभ्यं नमस्ते$स्त्वविषक्तदृष्टये Bhāg.1.4.12. -9 (In Astrol.) Aspect of the stars. -1 Light (प्रकाश). -11 A theory, doctrine, notion; याश्च काश्च कृदृष्टयः (सर्वास्ता निष्फलाः) Ms. 12.95. -Comp. -कृत् n., -कृतम् a kind of lily (स्थलपद्म). -क्षम worth-seeing; V.4.21. -क्षेपः a glance, look. -गतम् a theory, doctrine. -गुणः a mark for archers, butt, target. -गोचर a. within the range of sight, in sight, visible. (-रः) the range of sight. -दानम् appearance. -दोषः the evil influence of the human eye. -पातः 1 a look, glance; मार्गे मृगप्रेक्षिणि दृष्टिपातं कुरुष्व R.13.18; Bh.1.11,94;3.66. -2 act of seeing, function of the eye; रजःकणैर्विघ्नितदृष्टिपाताः Ku.3.31 (Malli. interprets-unnecessarily in our opinion-- पात by प्रभा). -पथः the range of sight. -पूत a. 'kept pure by the sight', watched that no impurity is contracted; दृष्टिपूतं न्यसेत्पादम् Ms.6.46. -प्रसादः the favour of a look. -बन्धुः a firefly. -मण्डलम् 1 the pupil of the eye. -2 the circle of sight. -रागः the ｅxpression of the eyes; भवन्तमन्तरेण कीदृशो$स्या दृष्टिरागः Ś.2.11-12. -वादः 1 a Buddhist canon dealing with discussion on other religious views; दृष्टिवादो द्वादशाङ्गी स्याद्गणिपिटकाह्वया । प्रतिकर्मसूत्रपूर्वानुयोगो पूर्व- गतचूलिकाः । पञ्च स्युर्द्दष्टिवादभेदाः पूर्वाणि चतुर्दशापि पूर्वगते । Hem. -2 N. of the 12th Aṅga of the Jainas. -विक्षेपः a side-glance, leer, oblique look. -विद्या optics. -विभ्रमः an amorous glance, a coquettish look; Ś.1.23. -विषः a serpent. -संभेदः mutual glance; त्वयापि न निरूपिता अनयोर्द्दष्टिसंभेदाः Māl.7. | | | daiva | दैव a. (-वी f.) [देवादागतः अण्] 1 Relating to gods, caused by or coming from gods, divine, celestial; संस्कृतं नाम दैवी वागन्वाख्याता महर्षिभिः Kāv.1.33; दैवीनां मानुषीणां च प्रतिहर्ता त्वमापदाम् R.1.6; Y.2.235; Bg.4.25; 9.13;16.3; Ms.3.75. -2 Royal; दैवी वाग्यस्य नाभवत् Rāj. T.5.26. -3 Depending on fate, fatal. -4 Possessing the quality of सत्त्व. -वः 1 (i. e. विवाहः) one of the eight forms of marriage, that in which the daughter is given away at a sacrifice to the officiating priest; यज्ञस्य ऋत्विजे दैवः Y.1.59 (for the eight forms of marriage see उद्वाह or Ms.3.21). -2 A worshipper of god (देवभक्त); दैवान् सर्वे गुणवन्तो भवन्ति Mb. 12.158.35. -वम् 1 Fate, destiny, luck, fortune; पूर्वजन्म- कृतं कर्म तद्दैवमिति कथ्यते H. दैवमविद्वांसः प्रमाणयन्ति Mu.3; विना पुरुषकारेण दैवमत्र न सिध्यति 'God helps those who help themselves'; दैवं निहत्य कुरु पौरुषमात्मशक्त्या Pt.1.361. (दैवात् by chance, luckily, accidentally.) -2 A god, deity. -3 A religious rite or offering, an oblation to gods; उत्तिष्ठ नरशार्दूल कर्तव्यं दैवमाह्निकम् Rām.1.23.2. -4 A kind of Śrāddha ceremony. -5 Parts of the hands sacred to the gods, i. e. the tips of the fingers; cf. Ms.2.59. -6 Royal duties; न तु केवलदैवेन प्रजाभावेन रेमिरे Mb.1.222.1. -7 A science phenomena, unusuals (उत्पातs); Ch. Up. 7.1.2. -वी 1 A woman married according to the form of marriage called daiva q. v. above. -2 a. Divine, super-human; दैवी संपद्विमोक्षाय निबन्धायासुरी मता Bg.16.5. -3 A division of medicine (the medical use of charms, prayers &c.). -Comp. -अत्ययः evil resulting from unusual natural phenomena. -अधीन, -आयत्त a. dependent on fate; दैवायत्तं कुले जन्म मदायत्तं तु पौरुषम् Ve.3.33. -अहोरात्रः a day of the gods i. e. the human year. -इज्य a. sacred to Jupiter (गुरु), -topaz. -उपहत a. illfated, unfortunate; दैवेनोपहतस्य बुद्धिरथवा सर्वा विपर्यस्यति Mu.6.8. -ऊढा a woman married according to the Daiva ritual. ˚ज the son of such a woman; दैवोढाजः सुतश्चैव सप्त सप्त परावरान् Ms.3.38. -कर्मन् n. offering, oblations to gods. -कृत a. 1 fated. -2 natural. -कोविद्, -चिन्तकः, -ज्ञः an astrologer, a fortune-teller, पुरोहित प्रकुर्वीत दैवज्ञमुदितोदितम् Y.1.313; Kām.9,25. -गतिः f. turn or course of fate; मुक्ताजालं चिरपरिचितं त्याजितो दैवगत्या Me.96.; Pt.3.174. -चिन्ता fatalism; astrology. -ज्ञ a. knowing fate or men's destinies. -तन्त्र a. dependent on fate. -दत्त a. innate, natural. -दीपः the eye. -दुर्विपाकः hardness of fortune, adverseness or unpropitiousness of fate, an evil turn of fate; U.1.4. -दोषः badness of fate. -पर a. 1 trusting to fate, fatalist. -2 fated. predestined. -प्रश्नः 1 fortune-telling, astrology. -2 a voice from heaven. नक्तं निर्गत्य यत्किञ्चिच्छुभाशुभकरं वचः । श्रूयते तद्विदुर्धीरा दैवप्रश्नमुपश्रुतिम् ॥ -युगम् 'a Yuga of the gods' said to consist of 12 divine years, but see Kull. on एतद् द्वादशसाहस्रं देवानां युगमुच्यते Ms.1.71. -योगः a lucky coincidence, fortuitous combination, fortune, chance. (दैवयोगेन, दैवयोगात् fortunately, accidentally.) -रक्षित a. guarded by the gods; अरक्षितं तिष्ठति दैवरक्षितम् Subhāṣ. -लेखकः a fortune-teller, an astrologer. -वशः, -शम् the power of destiny, subjection to fate. -वाणी 1 a voice from heaven. -2 the Sanskrit language; cf. Kāv.1.33. quoted above. -विद् m. an astrologer. -सभेयम् a variety of sandal-wood red and smelling like a lotus-flower; Kau. A.2.11. -हत a. ill-fated; सुरक्षितं दैवहतं विनश्यति Subhāṣ. -हीन a. ill-fated, unfortunate, unlucky. | | | daivalaḥ | दैवलः लकः The servant of an evil spirit. | | | daurātmyam | दौरात्म्यम् 1 Wickedness, evil or wicked temper, depravity; दौरात्म्याद्रक्षसस्तां तु नात्रत्याः श्रद्दधुः प्रजाः R.15.72. -2 Mischievousness; गुणानामेव दौरात्म्याद् धुरि धुर्यो नियुज्यते K. P.1. | | | dauritam | दौरितम् Mischief, evil, harm. | | | drohaḥ | द्रोहः [द्रुह् भावे-घञ्] 1 Plotting against, seeking to hurt or assail, injury, mischief, malice; अद्रोहशपथं कृत्वा Pt.2.35; मित्रद्रोहे च पातकम् Bg.1.38; Ms.2.161;7.48; 9.17. -2 Treachery, perfidy. -3 Wrong, offence. -4 Rebellion. -Comp. -अटः 1 A religious imposter, hypocrite, imposter. -2 a hunter. -3 a false man. -चिन्तनम् a malicious thought, malice prepense; a thought or attempt to injure. -बुद्धि a. bent on mischief or evil design. (-द्धिः f.) a wicked or evil purpose. -भावः hostile disposition; Ms.9.17. | | | dhik | धिक् ind. An interjection of censure, menace or displeasure ('fie'. 'shame', 'out upon', 'what a pity' &c. usually with acc.); धिक् तां च तं च मदनं च इमां च मां च Bh.2.2; धिगिमां देहभृतामसारताम् R.8.5; धिक् तान् धिक् तान् धिगोतान् कथयति सततं कीर्तनस्थो मृदङ्गः; धिक् सानुजं कुरुपतिं धिगजातशत्रुम् Ve.3.11; sometimes with nom., voc. and gen. also; धिङ् मूर्ख, धिगर्थाः कष्टसंश्रयाः Pt.1; धिगस्तु हृदय- स्यास्य &c. -Comp. दण्डः reprimand, censure; वाग्दण्डं प्रथमं कुर्याद् धिगदण्डं तदनन्तरम् Ms.8.129. -पारुष्यम् abuse, reproach, reviling. -वादः a reproachful speech, censure. | | | dhūta | धूत p. p. [धू-क्त] 1 Shaken. -2 Shaken off, removed. -3 Fanned. -4 Abandoned, deserted. -5 Reviled. -6 Judged. -7 Disregarded, treated with contempt. -ता A wife. -Comp. -कल्मष, -पाप a. who has shaken off his sins, free from sin, pure. -गुणः an ascetic practice, precept. | | | nakta | नक्त a. [नज्-क्त] Ashamed. -क्तम् 1 Night. -2 Eating only at night, as a sort of religious vow or penance -Comp. -अन्ध a. blind at night. -चर्या wandering at night. -चारिन् m. 1 an owl. -2 a cat. -3 a thief. -4 a demon, goblin, evil spirit. -भोजनम् supper. -मालः N. of a tree; स नर्मदारोधसि सीकरार्द्रैर्मरुद्भिरानर्तितनक्तमाले R.5.42. -मुखा evening. -व्रतम् 1 fasting by day and eating at night. -2 any penance or religious rite observed at night. | | | nāṣṭrā | नाष्ट्रा Ved. 1 Danger, destruction. -2 An evil spirit, a goblin. | | | nikṛta | निकृत p. p. 1 Humbled, cast down, humiliated; अस्माभिर्ह्येष निकृतः Mb.4.49.18. -2 Insulted, offended; किमाग्नेयो ग्रावा निकृत इव तेजांसि वमति U.6.14. -3 Deceived, cheated; एकदा$सत्प्रसङ्गगान्निकृतमतिः Bhāg.5.14.13. -4 Removed. -5 Afflicted, injured. -6 Wicked, dishonest. -7 Base, low, vile. -तम् Humiliation. -Comp. -प्रज्ञ a. evil-minded. -मति a. depraved in mind, base. | | | nikṛti | निकृति a. Base, dishonest, wicked. -तिः f. 1 Baseness, wickedness. -2 Dishonesty, fraud, deception; अनिकृतिनिपुणं ते चेष्टितं मानशौण्ड Ve.5.21; Ki.1.45. अयं कौमारमारभ्य निकृतिप्रकृतिः स्वयम् Śiva. B.17.21; अन्तर्गतगुरु- निकृतिः 17.26. -3 Insult, offence, humiliation; स्वाग्रासनाप- नयनान्निकृतिर्न सोढा Mu.4.11. -4 Abuse, reproach. -5 Rejection, removela -6 Poverty, indigence. -7 The earth. -8 N. of one of the eight Vasus. -Comp. -प्रज्ञ a. evil minded, wicked. | | | nind | निन्द् 1 P. (निन्दति, निन्दित, प्रणिन्दति) To blame, censure, find fault with, revile, reproach, condemn; निनिन्द रूपं हृदयेन पार्वती Ku.5.1; सा निन्दन्ती स्वानि भाग्यानि बाला Ś. 5.3; Bg.2.36; Ms.3.42. | | | nindanam | निन्दनम् निन्दा [निन्द्-भावे-ल्युट् अ वा] 1 Blame, censure, reproof, reproach, abuse, reviling, defamation; व्याजस्तुतिर्मुखे निन्दा K. P.1; पर˚, वेद˚. -2 Injury, wickedness. -Comp. -उपमा a comparison which involves reproofs; Kāv.2.3. -स्तुतिः f. 1 ironical praise, irony. -2 overt praise. | | | nir | निर् ind. A substitute for निस् before vowels and soft consonants conveying the senses of 'out of', 'away from'. 'without', 'free from', and be frequently expressed by 'less', 'un', used with the noun; see the compounds given below; see निस् and cf. अ also. -Comp. -अंश a. 1 whole, entire. -2 not entitled to any share of the ancestral property. -अक्षः the place of no latitute; i. e. the terrestrial equator (in astronomy). ˚देशः 1 a first meridian, as Laṅkā. -2 a place where the sun is always vertical and the days and nights are equal. -3 the equatorial region. -अक्षर a. Not knowing the letters, illiterate. -अग्नि a. having lost or neglected the consecrated fire; स संन्यासी च योगी च न निरग्निर्न चाक्रियः Bg.6.1. -अग्र (क) a. divisible without remainder. -अङ्कुश a. 'not curbed by a hook', unchecked, uncontrolled; unruly, independent, completely free, unfettered; निरङ्कुश इव द्विपः Bhāg.; कामो निकामनिरङ्कुशः Gīt.7; निरङ्कुशाः कवयः Sk.; Bh.3.15; Mv.3.39; विनयरुचयः सदैव निरङ्कुशाः Mu.3.6. ˚ता self-will, independence. -अघ a. sinless, blameless. -अङ्ग a. 1 having no parts. -2 deprived of expedients or resources. -अजिन a. skinless. -अञ्जन a. 1 without collyrium; निरञ्जने साचिविलोलिकं दृशौ Ki.8.52. -2 unstained, untinged. -3 free from falsehood; तदा विद्वान् पुण्यपापे विधूय निरञ्जनं परमं साम्यमुपैति Munda 3.1.3. -4 simple, artless. (-नः) 1 an epithet of Śiva. -2 N. of the Supreme Being. (-ना) 1 the day of full moon. -2 an epithet of Durgā. -अतिशय a. unsurpassed, matchless, unrivalled; निरतिशयं गरिमाणं तेन जनन्याः स्मरन्ति विद्वांसः Pt.1.3. (-यः) the Supreme Being. -अत्यय a. 1 free from danger, secure, safe; तद्भवान् वृत्तसंपन्नः स्थितः पथि निरत्यये Rām.4.29.12; R.17.53. -2 free from fault, unblamable, faultless, disinterested; Ki.1.12, शक्तिरर्थपतिषु स्वयंग्रहं प्रेम कारयति वा निरत्ययम् 13.61. -3 completely successful. -अधिष्ठान a. 1 supportless. -2 independent. -अध्व a. one who has lost one's way. -अनुक्रोश a. pitiless, merciless, hard-hearted. (-शः) mercilessness, hard-heartedness. -अनुग a. having no followers. -अनुग्रह a. Ungracious, unkind; Bhāg.5. 12.7. -अनुनासिक a. not nasal. -अनुमान a. not bound to conclusions or consequences. -अनुयोज्य a. unblamable, faultless. -अनुरोध a. 1 unfavourable, unfriendly. -2 unkind, unamiable; Māl.1. -अन्तर a. -1 constant, perpetual, uninterrupted, incessant; निरन्त- राधिपटलैः Bv.1.16; निरन्तरास्वन्तरवातवृष्टिषु Ku.5.25. -2 having no intervening or intermediate space, having no interval, close, closely contiguous, in close contact; मूढे निरन्तरपयोधरया मयैव Mk.5.15; हृदयं निरन्तरबृहत्कठिनस्तन- मण्डलावरणमप्यभिदन् Śi.9.66. -3 compact, dense; परितो रुद्धनिरन्तराम्बराः Śi.16.76. -4 coarse, gross. -5 faithful, true (as a friend). -6 not hidden from view. -7 not different, similar, identical. -8 sincere, sympathetic; सुहृदि निरन्तरचित्ते (निवेद्य दुःखं सुखीभवति) Pt.1.341. -9 abounding in, full of; निपात्यमानैर्ददृशे निरन्तरम् Rām.7.7. 54; गुणैश्च निरन्तराणि Mv.4.12. (-रम्) ind. 1 without interruption, constantly, continually, incessantly. -2 without intervening space or interval. -3 closely, tightly, firmly; (परिष्वजस्व) कान्तैरिदं मम निरन्तरमङ्गमङ्गैः Ve.3.27; परिष्वजेते शयने निरन्तरम् Ṛs.2.11. -4 immediately. ˚अभ्यासः constant study, diligent exercise or practice. -अन्तराल a. 1 without an intervening space, close. -2 narrow. -अन्धस् a. foodless, hungry. -अन्वय a. 1 having no progeny, childless. -2 unconnected, unrelated; Ms.8.198. -3 not agreeing with the context (as a word in a sentence). -4 without logical connection or regular sequence, unmethodical. -5 without being seen, out of sight; निरन्वयं भवेत् स्तेयम् Ms.8. 332. -6 without retinue, unaccompanied, see अन्वय. -7 sudden, unexpected; U.7. -8 exterminatory, without leaving any species or trace; प्रागाधारनिरन्वयप्रमथनादुच्छेदमे- वाकरोः... Mv.3.13; (com. नाशो द्विविधः--स्वान्वयविनाशः, निरन्वयविनाशश्चेति......निर्वापणादिना सजातीयज्वालोदयानर्हविनाशस्तु निरन्वयविनाशः ।). -अपत्रप a. 1 shameless, impudent. -2 bold. -अपराध a. guiltless, innocent, faultless, blameless. (-धः) innocence. -अपवर्त a. 1 not turning back. -2 (in arith.) leaving no common divisor, reduced to the lowest terms. -अपवाद a. 1 blameless. -2 not admitting of any exception. -अपाय a. 1 free from harm or evil. -2 free from decay, imperishable. -3 infallible; उपायो निरपायो$यमस्माभिरभिचिन्तितः Rām.1.1.2. -अपेक्ष a. 1 not depending on, irrespective or independent of, having no need of (with loc.); न्यायनिर्णीतसारत्वा- न्निरपेक्षमिवागमे Ki.11.39. -2 disregarding, taking no notice of. -3 free from desire, secure; निरपेक्षो न कर्तव्यो भृत्यैः स्वामी कदाचन H.2.82. -4 careless, negligent, indifferent -5 indifferent to worldly attachments or pursuits; समुपोढेषु कामेषु निरपेक्षः परिव्रजेत् Ms.6.41. -6 disinterested, not expecting any reward from another; दिशि दिशि निरपेक्ष- स्तावकीनं विवृण्वन् Bv.1.5. -7 without purpose. (-क्षा) indifference, disregard. -अपेक्षित a. 1 disregarded. -2 regardless. -अपेक्षिन् a. disregarding, indifferent. -अभिभव a. 1 not subject to humiliation or disgrace. -2 not to be surpassed, unrivalled. -अभिमान a. 1 free from self-conceit, devoid of pride or egotism. -2 void of self-respect. -3 unconscious. -अभिलाष a. not caring for, indifferent to; स्वसुखनिरभिलाषः खिद्यसे लोकहेतोः Ś.5.7. -अभिसंधानम् absence of design. -अभ्र a. cloudless. -अमर्ष a. 1 void of anger, patient. -2 apathetic. -अम्बर a. naked. -अम्बु a. 1 abstaining from water. -2 waterless, destitute of water. -अर्गल a. without a bolt, unbarred, unobstructed, unrestrained, unimpeded, completely free; M.5; मरणसमये त्यक्त्वा शङ्कां प्रलापनिरर्गलम् Māl.5.26. (-लम्) ind. freely. -अर्थ a. 1 void of wealth, poor, indigent; स्त्रियः कृतार्थाः पुरुषं निरर्थं निष्पीडितालक्तकवत्त्यजन्ति Pt.1.194. -2 meaningless, unmeaning (as a word or sentence). -3 non-sensical. -4 vain, useless, purposeless. (-र्थः) 1 loss, detriment. -2 nonsense. -अर्थक a. 1 useless, vain, unprofitable. -2 unmeaning, nonsensical, conveying no reasonable meaning; इत्थं जन्म निरर्थकं क्षितितले$रण्ये यथा मालती S. D. -3 (a consonant) not followed by a vowel. (-कम्) an expletive; निरर्थकं तु हीत्यादि पूरणैकप्रयोजनम् Chandr.2.6. -अलंकृतिः (in Rhet.) want of ornament, simplicity. -अवकाश a. 1 without free space. -2 without leisure. -अवग्रह a. 1 'free from restraint', unrestrained, unchecked, uncontrolled, irresistible. -2 free, independent. -3 self-willed, head-strong. (-हम्) ind. 1 uninterruptedly. -2 intensely, strongly. -अवद्य a. 1 blameless, faultless, unblameable, unobjectionable; हृद्य- निरवद्यरूपो भूपो बभूव Dk.1. -2 an epithet of the Supreme Being (having no passions). -अवधि a. having no end, unlimited; कथं तूष्णीं सह्यो निरवधिरयं त्वप्रतिविधः U. 3.44;6.3; Māl.1.6. -2 continuous; महानाधिव्याधि- र्निरवधिरिदानीं प्रसरतु Māl.4.3. -अवयव a. 1 without parts. -2 indivisible. -3 without limbs. -अवलम्ब a. 1 unsupported, without support; Ś.6. -2 not affording support. -3 not depending or relying on. -अवशेष a. whole, complete, entire, (निरवशेषेण ind. completely, entirely, fully, totally). -अवसाद a. cheerful; Gīt. -अव्यय a. eternal, immutable. -अशन a. abstaining from food. (-नम्) fasting. -अश्रि a. even; Kau. A.2.11. -अष्ट a. Ved. driven away, scattered. (-ष्टः) a horse twentyfour years old. -अस्त्र a. weaponless, unarmed. -अस्थि a. boneless. -अहंकार, -अहंकृति a. free from egotism or pride, humble, lowly; Bg.12.13. -अहंकृत a. 1 having no egotism or self-consciousness. -2 without individuality. -3 unselfish. -अहम् a. free from egotism or self-conceit; ह्यनामरूपं निरहं प्रपद्ये Bhāg. 5.19.4. -आकाङ्क्ष a. 1 wishing nothing, free from desire. -2 wanting nothing to fill up or complete (as the sense of a word or sentence). -आकार a. 1 devoid of form, formless, without form. -2 ugly, deformed. -3 disguised. -4 unassuming, modest. (-रः) 1 the universal spirit, Almighty. -2 an epithet of Śiva. -3 of Viṣṇu. ˚ज्ञानवादः the doctrine that the perception of the outer world does not arise from images impressed on the mind; Sarva. S. -आकृति a. 1 formless, shapeless. -2 deformed. (-तिः) 1 a religious student who has not duly gone through a course of study, or who has not properly read the Vedas. -2 especially, a Brāhmaṇa who has neglected the duties of his caste by not going through a regular course of study; a fool; ग्रामधान्यं यथा शून्यं यथा कूपश्च निर्जलः । यथा हुतमनग्नौ च तथैव स्यान्निराकृतौ ॥ Mb.12.36.48. -3 one who neglects the five great religious duties or yajñas; Ms.3.154. -आकाश a. leaving no free space, completely filled or occupied, -आकुल a. 1 unconfused, unperplexed, unbewildered; Ki.11.38. -2 steady, calm; सुपात्रनिक्षेपनिरा- कुलात्मना (प्रजासृजा) Śi.1.28. -3 clear. -4 perspicuous; अलिकुलसङ्कुलकुसुमसमूहनिराकुलबकुलकलापे Gīt.1. (-लम्) 1 calmness serenity. -2 perspicuity, clearness. -आक्रन्द a. not crying or complaining. (-दः) a place where no sound can be heard. -आक्रोश a. unaccused, unreviled. -आगम a. not founded on revelation or scripture, not derived from the Vedas. -आगस् a. faultless, innocent, sinless; कथमेकपदे निरागसं जनमाभाष्यमिमं न मन्यसे R.8.48. -आचार a. without approved customs or usages, lawless, barbarian. -आडम्बर a. 1 without drums. -2 without show, unostentatious. -आतङ्क a. 1 free from fear; R.1.63; निरातङ्को रङ्को विहरति चिरं कोटिकनकैः Śaṅkara (देव्यपराधक्षमापनस्तोत्रम् 6). -2 without ailment, comfortable, healthy. -3 not causing pain. -4 unchecked, unhampered; निरातङ्कः पङ्केष्विव पिशितपिण्डेषु विलसन् Māl. 5.34. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva. -आतप a. sheltered from heat, shady, not penetrated by the sun's rays. (-पा) the night. -आदर a. disrespectful. -आदान a. 1 taking or receiving nothing; Mb.3. -2 an epithet of Buddha. -आधार a. 1 without a receptacle. -2 without support, supportless (fig. also); निराधारो हा रोदिमि कथय केषामिह पुरः G. L.4.39. -आधि a. secure, free from anxiety. -आनन्द a. cheerless, sad, sorrowful. -आन्त्र a. 1 disembowelled. -2 having the entrails hanging out. -आपद् a. free from misfortune or calamity. (-f.) prosperity. -आबाध a. 1 unvexed, unmolested, undisturbed, free from disturbance. -2 unobstructed. -3 not molesting or disturbing. -4 (in law) frivolously vexatious (as a suit or cause of complaint); e. g. अस्मद्- गृहप्रदीपप्रकाशेनायं स्वगृहे व्यवहरति Mitā. -आमय a. 1 free from disease or illness, sound, healthy, hale. -2 untainted, pure. -3 guileless. -4 free from defects or blemishes. -5 full, complete. -6 infallible. -7 not liable to failure or miscarriage. (-यः, यम्) freedom from disease or illness, health, well-being, welfare, happiness; कुरूणां पाण्डवानां च प्रतिपत्स्व निरामयम् Mb.5.78.8. (-यः) 1 a wild goat. -2 a hog or boar. -आमिष a. 1 fleshless; निरुपमरसप्रीत्या खादन्नरास्थि निरामिषम् Bh. -2 having no sensual desires or covetousness; Ms.6.49. -3 receiving no wages or remuneration. -आय a. yielding no income or revenue, profitless. -यः an idler living from hand to mouth. -आयत a. 1 full-stretched or extended; निरायतपूर्वकायाः Ś.1.8. -2 contracted, compact. -आय- -तत्वम् shortness, compactness; निरायतत्वादुदरेण ताम्यता Ki.8.17. -आयति a. one whose end is at hand; नियता लघुता निरायतेः Ki.2.14. -आयास a. not fatiguing, easy. -आयुध a. unarmed, weaponless. -आरम्भ a. abstaining from all work (in good sense); Mb.3.82.11. -आलम्ब a. 1 having no prop or support (fig. also); ऊर्ध्वबाहुं निरालम्बं तं राजा प्रत्यभाषत Rām.7.89.1; निरालम्बो लोकः कुलमयशसा नः परिवृतम् Mv.4.53. -2 not depending on another, independent. -3 self-supported, friendless, alone; निरालम्बो लम्बोदरजननि कं यामि शरणम् Jag. (-म्बा) spikenard. (-म्बम्) Brahman. -आलोक a. 1 not looking about or seeing. -2 deprived of sight. -3 deprived of light, dark; निरालोकं लोकम् Māl.5.3; Bhāg.8.24.35. -5 invisible. (-कः) an epithet of Śiva. -आवर्ण a. manifest, evident. -आश a. 1 devoid of hope, despairing or despondent of; मनो बभूवेन्दुमतीनिराशम् R.6.2. -2 depriving (one) of all hope. -आशक, -आशिन् a. hopeless; अद्य दुर्योधनो राज्याज्जीविताच्च निराशकः (भविष्यति) Mb.8.74.13. -आशङ्क a. fearless. -आशा hopelessness, despair. -आशिस् a. 1 without a boon or blessing, without virtues; आश्रमा विहिताः सर्वे वर्जयित्वा निराशिषम् Mb.12.63.13. -2 without any desire, wish or hope, indifferent; निराशीर्यतचित्तात्मा Bg.4.21; जगच्छ- रण्यस्य निराशिषः सतः Ku.5.76. -आश्रय a. 1 without a prop or support, supportless, unsupported; न तिष्ठति निराश्रयं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.41. -2 friendless, destitute, alone, without shelter or refuge; निराश्रयाधुना वत्सलता. -3 not deep (as a wound). -आस्वाद a. tasteless, insipid, unsavoury. -आहार a. 'foodless', fasting, abstaining from food. (-रः) fasting; कालो$ग्निः कर्म मृद् वायुर्मनो ज्ञानं तपो जलम् । पश्चात्तापो निराहारः सर्वे$मी शुद्धिहेतवः ॥ Y.3.31. -इङ्ग a. immovable, stationary; यथा दीपो निवातस्थो निरिङ्गो ज्वलते पुनः Mb.12.46.6. -इच्छ a. without wish or desire, indifferent. -इन्द्रिय a. 1 having lost a limb or the use of it. -2 mutilated, maimed. -3 weak, infirm, frail; Kaṭh.1.1.3. -4 barren. -5 without प्रमाण or means of certain knowledge; निरिन्द्रिया ह्यमन्त्राश्च स्त्रियो$नृत- मिति स्थितिः Ms.9.18. -6 destitute of manly vigour, impotent (Ved.). -इन्धन a. destitute of fuel. -ईति a. free from the calamities of the season; निरातङ्का निरीतयः R.1.63; see ईति. -ईश्वर a. godless, atheistic. -˚वाद atheistic doctrine. -ईषम् the body of a plough. -ईह a. 1 desireless, indifferent; निरीहाणामीशस्तृणमिव तिरस्कारविषयः Mu.3.16. -2 inactive; निरीहस्य हतद्विषः R.1.24. (-हा), -निरीहता, -त्वम् 1 inactivity. -2 indifference. -उच्छ्वास a. 1 breathless, without breathing; निरुच्छ्वासं हरिं चक्रुः Rām.7.7.6. -2 narrow, contracted; उपेयुषो वर्त्म निरन्तराभिरसौ निरुच्छ्वासमनीकिनीभिः Śi.3.32. -3 dead; निरुच्छ्वासाः पुनः केचित् पतिता जगतीतले Rām.6.58.13. (-सः) absence of breath; लोका निरुच्छ्वासनिपीडिता भृशम् Bhāg.4. 8.8. -उत्तर a. 1 answerless, without a reply. -2 unable to answer, silenced. -3 having no superior. -उत्थ a. irrecoverable. -उद्धति a. not jolting (a chariot); अभूतल- स्पर्शतया निरुद्धतिः Ś.7.1. (v. l.) -उत्सव a. without festivities; विरतं गेयमृतुर्निरुत्सवः R.8.66. -उत्साह a. 1 inactive, indolent. -2 devoid of energy. (-हः) 1 absence of energy. -2 indolence. -उत्सुक a. 1 indifferent. -2 calm, tranquil. -उदक a. waterless. -उदर a. 1 having no belly or trunk. -2 thin (अतुन्दिल); श्रीमान्निरुदरो महान् Rām.3.16.31. -उद्यम, -उद्योग a. effortless, inactive, lazy, idle. उद्विग्न, -उद्वेग a. free from excitement or perturbation, sedate, calm. -उपक्रम a. 1 without a commencement. -2 incurable. -उपद्रव a. 1 free from calamity or affliction, not visited by danger or adversity, lucky, happy, undisturbed, unmolested, free from hostile attacks. -2 free from national distress or tyranny. -3 causing no affliction. -4 auspicious (as a star). -5 secure, peaceful. -उपधि a. guileless, honest; U.2.2. ˚जीवन a. leading an honest life. (v. l.). -उपपत्ति a. unsuitable. -उपपद a. 1 without any title or designation; अरे आर्यचारुदत्तं निरुपपदेन नाम्नालपसि Mk.1.18/19. -2 unconnected with a subordinate word. -उपप्लव a. 1 free from disturbance, obstacle or calamity, unharmed; निरुपप्लवानि नः कर्माणि संवृत्तानि Ś3. -2 not causing any affliction or misery. -3 an epithet of Śiva. -उपभोग a. without enjoyment; संसरति निरुपभोगं भावैरधिवासितं लिङ्गम् Sāṅ. K.4. -उपम a. peerless, matchless, incomparable. -उपसर्ग free from portents. -उपस्कृत a. not corrupted, pure; of self-denying temperament; शमेन तपसा चैव भक्त्या च निरुपस्कृतः । शुद्धात्मा ब्राह्मणो रात्रौ निदर्शनमपश्यत ॥ Mb.12.271.14. -उपहत a. 1 not injured, unhurt. -2 auspicious, lucky. -उपाख्य a. 1 unreal, false, non-existent (as वन्ध्यापुत्र). -2 immaterial. -3 invisible. (-ख्यम्) the supreme Brahman. -उपाधि (क) a. without qualities, absolute. -उपाय a. 1 without expedients, helpless. -2 unsuccessful. -उपेक्ष a. 1 free from trick or fraud. -2 not neglectful. -उष्मन् a. devoid of heat, cold. -गन्ध a. void of smell, scentless, unfragrant, inodorous; निर्गन्धा इव किंशुकाः. ˚पुष्पी f. the Śālmali tree. -गर्व a. free from pride. -गवाक्ष a. windowless. -गुण a. 1 stringless (as a bow). -2 devoid of all properties. -3 devoid of good qualities, bad, worthless; निर्गुणः शोभते नैव विपुलाड- म्बरो$पि ना Bv.1.115. -4 without attributes; साकारं च निराकारं सगुणं निर्गुणं विभुम् Brahmavai. P. -5 having no epithet. (-णः) the Supreme Spirit. ˚आत्मक a. having no qualities. -गृहः a. houseless, homeless; सुगृही निर्गृही- कृता Pt.39. -गौरव a. 1 without dignity, undignified. -2 devoid of respect. -ग्रन्थ a. 1 freed from all ties or hindrances; आत्मारामाश्च मुनयो निर्ग्रन्था अप्युरुक्रमे । कुर्वन्त्यहैतुकीं भक्तिम् Bhāg.1.7.1. -2 poor, possessionless, beggarly. -3 alone, unassisted. (-न्थः) 1 an idiot, a fool. -2 a gambler. -3 a saint or devotee who has renounced all worldly attachments and wanders about naked and lives as a hermit. -4 A Buddha Muni. -ग्रन्थक a. 1 clever, expert. -2 unaccompanied, alone. -3 deserted, abandoned. -4 fruitless. (-कः 1 a religious mendicant. -2 a naked devotee. -3 a gambler. -ग्रन्थिक a. clever. (-कः) a naked mendicant, a Jaina mendicant of the Digambara class. -घटम् 1 a free market. -2 a crowded market. -घण्टः See निघण्टः. -घृण a. 1 cruel, merciless, pitiless. -2 shameless, immodest. -घृणा cruelty. -घोष a. noiseless, still, calm. -जन a. 1 tenantless, uninhabited, unfrequented, lonely, desolate. -2 without any retinue or attendants; भूयश्चैवाभिरक्षन्तु निर्धनान्निर्जना इव Mb.12.151.7. (-नम्) a desert, solitude, lonely place. -जन्तु a. free from living germs; H. Yoga. -जर a. 1 young, fresh. -2 imperishable, immortal. (-रः) a deity, god; (nom. pl. निर्जराः -निर्जरसः) (-रम्) ambrosia, nectar. -जरायु a. Ved. skinless. -जल a. 1 waterless, desert, destitute of water. -2 not mixed with water. (-लः) a waste, desert. ˚एकादशी N. of the eleventh day in the bright half of Jyeṣṭha. -जाड्य free from coldness. -जिह्वः a frog. -जीव a. 1 lifeless. -2 dead; चिता दहति निर्जीवं चिन्ता दहति जीवितम्. -ज्ञाति a. having no kinsmen, alone. -ज्वर a. feverless, healthy. -दण्डः a Śūdra. -दय a. 1 merciless, cruel, pitiless, unmerciful, unkind. -2 passionate. -3 very close, firm or fast, strong, excessive, violent; मुग्धे विधेहि मयि निर्दयदन्तदंशम् Gīt.1; निर्दयरति- श्रमालसाः R.19.32; निर्दयाश्लेषहेतोः Me.18. -4 unpitied by any; निर्दया निर्नमस्कारास्तन्मनोरनुशासनम् Ms.9.239. -दयम् ind. 1 unmercifully, cruelly. -2 violently, excessively; न प्रहर्तुमलमस्मि निर्दयम् R.11.84. -दश a. more than ten days old; यदा पशुर्निर्दशः स्यादथ मेध्यो भवे- दिति Bhāg.9.7.11. -दशन a. toothless. -दाक्षिण्य a. uncourteous. -दुःख a. 1 free from pain, painless. -2 not causing pain. -दैन्य a. happy, comfortable. -दोष a. 1 faultless, defectless; न निर्दोषं न निर्गुणम् -2 guiltless, innocent. -द्रव्य a. 1 immaterial. -2 without property, poor. -द्रोह a. not hostile, friendly, well-disposed, not malicious. -द्वन्द्व a. 1 indifferent in regard to opposite pairs of feelings (pleasure or pain), neither glad nor sorry; निर्द्वन्द्वो निर्ममो भूत्वा चरिष्यामि मृगैः सह Mb.1.85.16; निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान् Bg.2.45. -2 not dependent upon another, independent. -3 free from jealousy or envy. -4 not double. -5 not contested, undisputed. -6 not acknowledging two principles. -धन a. without property, poor, indigent; शशिनस्तुल्यवंशो$पि निर्धनः परिभूयते Chāṇ.82. (-नः) an old ox. ˚ता, ˚त्वम् poverty, indigence. -धर्म a. unrighteous, impious, unholy. -धूम a. smokeless. -धौत a. cleansed, rendered clean; निर्धौत- दानामलगण्डभित्तिर्वन्यः सरित्तो गज उन्ममज्ज R.5.43. -नमस्कार a. 1 not courteous or civil, not respecting any one. -2 disrespected, despised. -नर a. abandoned by men, deserted. -नाणक a. coinless, penniless; Mk.2. -नाथ a. without a guardian or master. ˚ता 1 want of protection. -2 widowhood. -3 orphanage. -नाभि a. going or reaching beyond the navel; निर्नाभि कौशेयमुपात्तबाणम् Ku.7.7. -नायक a. having no leader or ruler, anarchic. -नाशन, -नाशिन् a. expelling, banishing. -निद्र a. sleepless, wakeful. -निमित्त a. 1 causeless. -2 disinterested. -निमेष a. not twinkling. -बन्धु a. without kindred or relation, friendless. -बल n. powerless, weak, feeble. -बाध a. 1 unobstructed. -2 unfrequented, lonely, solitary. -3 unmolested. (-धः) 1 a part of the marrow. -2 a knob. -बीज a. seedless, impotent. (-जा) a sort of grape (Mar. बेदाणा). -बुद्धि a. stupid, ignorant, foolish. -बुष, -बुस a. unhusked, freed from chaff. -भक्त a. taken without eating (as a medicine). -भय a. 1 fearless, undaunted. -2 free from danger, safe, secure; निर्भयं तु भवेद्यस्य राष्ट्रं बाहुबलाश्रितम् Ms.9.255. -भर a. 1 excessive, vehement, violent, much, strong; त्रपाभरनिर्भर- स्मरशर &c. Gīt.12; तन्व्यास्तिष्ठतु निर्भरप्रणयिता मानो$पि रम्यो- दयः Amaru.47. -2 ardent. -3 fast, close (as embrace); कुचकुम्भनिर्भरपरीरम्भामृतं वाञ्छति Gīt.; परिरभ्य निर्भरम् Gīt.1. -4 sound, deep (as sleep). -5 full of, filled with (at the end of comp.); आनन्द˚, गर्व˚ &c. (-रः) a servant receiving no wages. (-रम्) excess. (-रम् ind.) 1 excessively, exceedingly, intensely. -2 soundly. -भाग्य a. unfortunate, unlucky. -भाज्य a. to be separated; स निर्भाज्यः स्वकादंशात् किंचिद्दत्वोपजीवनम् Ms.9.27. -भृतिः a. without wages, hireless. -भोगः a. not fond of pleasures. -मक्षिक a. 'free from flies', undisturbed, private, lonely. (-कम्) ind. without flies, i. e. lonely, private; कृतं भवतेदानीं निर्मक्षिकम् Ś.2,6. -मज्ज a. fatless, meagre. -मत्सर a. free from envy, unenvious; निर्मत्सरे मत्समे वत्स... वसुन्धराभारमारोप्य Rāmāyaṇachampū. -मत्स्य a. fishless. -मद a. 1 not intoxicated, sober, quiet. -2 not proud, humble. -3 sad, sorry. -4 not in rut (as an elephant). -मनुज, -मनुष्य a. tenantless, uninhabited, deserted by men. -मन्तु a. faultless, innocent. -मन्त्र a. 1 a ceremony, unaccompanied by holy texts. -2 not familiar with holy texts; Mb.12.36.43. -मन्यु, -मन्युक a. free from anger; Mb.5.133.4. -मम a. 1 free from all connections with the outer world, who has renounced all worldly ties; संसारमिव निर्ममः (ततार) R.12.6; Bg.2.71; निराशीर्निर्ममो भूत्वा युध्यस्व विगतज्वरः 3.3. -2 unselfish, disinterested. -3 indifferent to (with loc.); निर्ममे निर्ममो$र्थेषु मथुरां मधुराकृतिः R.15.28; प्राप्तेष्वर्थेषु निर्ममाः Mb. -4 an epithet of Śiva. -मर्याद a. 1 boundless, immeasurable. -2 transgressing the limits of right or propriety, unrestrained, unruly, sinful, criminal; मनुजपशुभिर्निर्मर्यादैर्भवद्भिरुदायुधैः Ve.3.22. -3 confused. -4 insolent, immodest. (-दम्) ind. confusedly, topsyturvy. (-दम्) confusion, disorder. -मल a. 1 free from dirt or impurities, clear, pure, stainless, unsullied (fig. also); नीरान्निर्मलतो जनिः Bv.1.63. -2 resplendent, bright; Bh.1.56. -3 sinless, virtuous; निर्मलाः स्वर्गमायान्ति सन्तः सुकृतिनो यथा Ms.8.318. (-लम्) 1 talc. -2 the remainings of an offering made to a deity. ˚उपलः a crystal. -मशक a. free from gnats. -मांस a. fleshless; स्वल्प- स्नायुवसावशेषमलिनं निर्मांसमप्यस्थिकम् Bh.2.3. -मान a. 1 without self-confidence. -2 free from pride. -मानुष a. uninhabited, desolate. -मार्ग a. roadless, pathless. -मिथ्य a. not false, true; H. Yoga. -मुटः 1 a tree bearing large blossoms. -2 the sun. -3 a rogue. (-टम्) a large free market or fair. -मूल a. 1 rootless (as a tree). -2 baseless, unfounded (statement, charge &c.). -3 eradicated. -मेघ a. cloudless. -मेध a. without understanding, stupid, foolish, dull. -मोह a. free from illusion. (-हः) an epithet of Śiva. -यत्न a. inactive, lazy, dull. -यन्त्रण a. 1 unrestrained, unobstructed, uncontrolled, unrestricted. -2 unruly, self-willed, independent. (-णम्) 1 squeezing out. -2 absence of restraint, independence. -यशस्क a. without fame, discreditable, inglorious. -युक्त a. 1 constructed, built. -2 directed. -3 (in music) limited to metre and measure. -युक्ति f. 1 disunion. -2 absence of connection or government. -3 unfitness, impropriety. -युक्तिक a. 1 disjoined, unconnected. -2 illogical, unmeaning. -3 unfit, improper. -यूथ a. separated from the herd, strayed from the flock (as an elephant). -यूष = निर्यास. -योगक्षेम a. free from care (about acquisition); Bg.2. 45. -रक्त a. (-नीरक्त) colourless, faded. -रज, -रजस्क a. (-नीरज, नीरजस्क) 1 free from dust. -2 devoid of passion or darkness. (-जः) an epithet of Śiva. -रजस् (नरिजस्) a. see नीरज. (-f.) a woman not menstruating. ˚तमसा absence of passion or darkness. -रत (नीरत) a. not attached to, indifferent. -रन्ध्र a. (नीरन्ध्र) 1 without holes or interstices, very close or contiguous, thickly situated; नीरन्ध्रनीरनिचुलानि सरित्तटानि U.2.23. -2 thick, dense. -3 coarse, gross. -रव a. (-नीरव) not making any noise, noiseless; गतिविभ्रमसाद- नीरवा (रसना) R.8.58. -रस a. (नीरस) 1 tasteless, unsavoury, flavourless. -2 (fig.) insipid, without any poetic charm; नीरसानां पद्मानाम् S. D.1. -3 sapless, without juice, withered or dried up; Ś. Til.9. -4 vain, useless, fruitless; अलब्धफलनीरसान् मम विधाय तस्मिन् जने V.2.11. -5 disagreeable. -6 cruel, merciless. (-सः) the pomegranate. -रसन a. (नीरसन) having no girdle (रसना); Ki.5.11. -रुच् a. (नीरुच्) without lustre, faded, dim; परिमलरुचिराभिर्न्यक्कृतास्तु प्रभाते युवतिभिरुप- भोगान्नीरुचः पुष्पमालाः Śi.11.27. -रुज्, -रुज a. (नीरुज्, नीरुज) free from sickness, healthy, sound; नीरुजस्य किमौषधैः H.1. -रूप a. (नीरूप) formless, shapeless. (-पः) 1 air, wind. -2 a god. (-पम्) ether. -रोग a. (नीरोग) free from sickness or disease, healthy, sound; यथा नेच्छति नीरोगः कदाचित् सुचिकित्सकम् Pt.1.118. -लक्षण a. 1 having no auspicious marks, ill-featured. -2 undistinguished. -3 unimportant, insignificant. -4 unspotted. -5 having a white back. -लक्ष्य a. invisible. -लज्ज a. shameless, impudent. -लाञ्छनम् the marking of domestic animals (by perforating the nose &c.). -लिङ्ग a. having no distinguishing or characteristic marks. -लिप्त a. 1 unanointed. -2 undefiled, unsullied. -3 indifferent to. (-प्तः) 1 N. of Kṛiṣṇa. -2 a sage. -लून a. cut through or off. -लेप a. 1 unsmeared, unanointed; निर्लेपं काञ्चनं भाण्डमद्भिरेव विशुध्यति Ms.5.112. -2 stainless, sinless. (-पः) a sage. -लोभ a. free from desire or avarice, unavaricious. -लोमन् a. devoid of hair, hairless. -वंश a. without posterity, childless. -वचन a. 1 not speaking, silent. -2 unobjectionable, blameless; (for other senses see the word separately). -नम् ind. silently; माल्येन तां निर्वचनं जघान Ku.7.19. -वण, -वन a. 1 being out of a wood. -2 free from woods. -3 bare, open. -वत्सल a. not loving or fondling (esp. children); निर्वत्सले सुतशतस्य विपत्तिमेतां त्वं नानुचिन्तयसि Ve.5.3. -वर = निर्दरम् q. v. -वसु a. destitute of wealth, poor. -वाच्य a. 1 not fit to be said. -2 blameless, unobjectionable; सखीषु निर्वाच्य- मधार्ष्ट्यदूषितं प्रियाङ्गसंश्लेषमवाप मानिनी Ki.8.48. -वात a. free or sheltered from wind, calm, still; हिमनिष्यन्दिनी प्रातर्निर्वातेव वनस्थली R.15.66. (-तः) a place sheltered from or not exposed to wind; निर्वाते व्यजनम् H.2.124. -वानर a. free from monkeys. -वायस a. free from crows. -वार्य a. 1 irresistible. -2 acting fearlessly or boldly. -विकल्प, -विकल्पक a. 1 not admitting an alternative. -2 being without determination or resolution. -3 not capable of mutual relation. -4 conditioned. -5 undeliberative. -6 recognizing no such distinction as that of subject and object, or of the knower and the known; as applied to समाधि or contemplation, it is 'an exclusive concentration upon the one entity without distinct and separate consciousness of the knower, the known, and the knowing, and without even self-consciousness'; निर्विकल्पकः ज्ञातृज्ञानादिविकल्पभेद- लयापेक्षः; नो चेत् चेतः प्रविश सहसा निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Bh.3.61; आत्मारामा विहितरतयो निर्विकल्पे समाधौ Ve.1.23. -7 (in phil.) not arising from the relation of the qualifier and the qualified, (विशेषणविशेष्यसंबन्धानवगाहि प्रत्यक्षं ज्ञानम्) said of knowledge not derived from the senses, as घटत्व. (-ल्पम्) ind. without hesitation or wavering. -विकार a. 1 unchanged, unchangeable, immutable. -2 not disposed; तौ स्थास्यतस्ते नृपती निदेशे परस्परावग्रहनिर्विकारौ M.5.14. -3 disinterested; तरुविटपलतानां बान्धवो निर्विकारः Ṛs.2.28. (-रः) the Supreme deity. -विकास a. unblown. -विघ्न a. uninterrupted, unobstructed, free from impediments; निर्विघ्नं कुरु मे देव सर्वकार्येषु सर्वदा. (-घ्नम्) absence of impediment. -विचार a. not reflecting, thoughtless, inconsiderate; रे रे स्वैरिणि निर्विचारकविते मास्मत्प्रकाशीभव Chandr. 1.2. (-रम्) ind. thoughtlessly, unhesitatingly. -वि- चिकित्स a. free from doubt or reflection. -विचेष्ट a. motionless, insensible; यो हि दिष्टमुपासीनो निर्विचेष्टः सुखं शयेत् Mb.3.32.14. -वितर्क a. unreflecting. -विनोद a. without amusement, void of pastime, diversion or solace; शङ्के रात्रौ गुरुतरशुचं निर्विनोदां सखीं ते Me.9. -विन्ध्या N. of a river in the Vindhya hills; निर्विन्ध्यायाः पथि भव रसाभ्यन्तरः सन्निपत्य Me.28. -विमर्श a. 1 void of reflection, thoughtless. -2 not having विमर्श Sandhi. -विवर a. 1 having no opening or cavity. 2 without interstices or interval, close, compact; घटते हि संहततया जनितामिदमेव निर्विवरतां दधतोः Śi.9.44. -विवाद a. 1 not contending or disagreeing. -2 undisputed, not contradicted or disputed, universally acknowledged. -विवेक a. indiscreet, void of judgment, wanting in discrimination, foolish. -विशङ्क a. fearless, undaunted, confident; Ms.7.176; यस्मिन्कृत्यं समावेश्य निर्विशङ्केन चेतसा । आस्यते सेवकः स स्यात् कलत्रमिव चापरम् ॥ Pt.1.85. -विशेष a. showing or making no difference, indiscriminating, without distinction; निर्विशेषा वयं त्वयि Mb.; निर्विशेषो विशेषः Bh.3.5. 'a difference without distinction'. -2 having no difference, same, like, not differing from (oft. in comp.); निर्विशेषाकृति 'having the same form'; प्रवातनीलो- त्पलनिर्विशेषम् Ku.1.46; स निर्विशेषप्रतिपत्तिरासीत् R.14.22. -3 indiscriminate, promiscuous. (-षः) absence of difference. (निर्विशेषम् and निर्विशेषेण are used adverbially in the sense of 'without difference', 'equally', indiscriminately'; क्रुद्धेन विप्रमुक्तो$यं निर्विशेषं प्रियाप्रिये Rām.7.22.41. स्वगृहनिर्विशेषमत्र स्थीयताम् H.1; R.5.6.). -विशेषण a. without attributes. -विष a. poisonless (as a snake); निर्विषा डुण्डुभाः स्मृताः. -विषङ्ग a. not attached, indifferent. -विषय a. 1 expelled or driven away from one's home, residence or proper place; मनोनिर्विषयार्थकामया Ku.5.38; R.9.32; also -निर्विषयीकृत; वने प्राक्कलनं तीर्थं ये ते निर्विषयी- कृताः Rām.2.14.4. -2 having no scope or sphere of action; किंच एवं काव्यं प्रविरलविषयं निर्विषयं वा स्यात् S. D.1. -3 not attached to sensual objects (as mind). -विषाण a. destitute of horns. -विहार a. having no pleasure. -वीज, -बीज a. 1 seedless. -2 impotent. -3 causeless. -वीर a. 1 deprived of heroes; निर्वीरमुर्वीतलम् P. R.1.31. -2 cowardly. -वीरा a woman whose husband and children are dead. -वीर्य a. powerless, feeble, unmanly, impotent; निर्वीर्यं गुरुशापभाषितवशात् किं मे तवेवायुधम् Ve.3.34. -वीरुध, -वृक्ष a. treeless. -वृत्ति f. accomplishment, achievement; अत आसां निर्वृत्त्या अपवर्गः स्यात् । आतण्डुलनिर्वृत्तेः आ च पिष्टनिर्वृत्तेरभ्यास इति ॥ ŚB. on MS.11.1.27. -a. having no occupation, destitute. See निर्वृति. -वृष a. deprived of bulls. -वेग a. not moving, quiet, calm. -वेतन a honorary, unsalaried. -वेद a. not acknowledging the Vedas, an atheist, infidel. -वेष्टनम् a. a weaver's shuttle. -वैर a. free from enmity, amicable, peaceable. (-रम्) absence of enmity. -वैलक्ष्य a. shameless. -व्यञ्जन a. 1 straight-forward. -2 without condiment. (-नम् ind.) plainly, in a straight-forward or honest manner. -व्यथ, -न a. 1 free from pain. -2 quiet, calm. -व्यथनम् a hole; छिद्रं निर्व्यथनम् Ak. -व्यपेक्ष a. indifferent to, regardless of; मृग्यश्च दर्भाङ्कुरनिर्व्यपेक्षास्तवागतिज्ञं समबोधयन् माम् R.13.25;14.39. -व्यलीक a. 1 not hurting or offending. -2 without pain. -3 pleased, doing anything willingly. -4 sincere, genuine, undissembling. -व्यवधान a. (ground) uncovered, bare. -व्यवश्थ a. moving hither and thither. -व्यसन a. free from bad inclination. -व्याकुल a. calm. -व्याघ्र a. not haunted or infested by tigers. -व्याज a. 1 candid, upright, honest, plain. -2 without fraud, true, genuine. -3 got by heroism or daring deeds (not by fraud or cowardly conduct); अशस्त्रपूतनिर्व्याजम् (महामांसम्) Māl.5.12. (v. l.) -4 not hypocritical; धर्मस्य निर्व्याजता (विभूषणम्) Bh.2.82. (-जम् ind.) plainly, honestly, candidly; निर्व्याजमालिङ्गितः Amaru.85. -व्याजीकृत a. made plain, freed from deceit. -व्यापार a. 1 without employment or business, free from occupation; तं दधन्मैथिलीकण्ठनिर्व्यापारेण बाहुना R.15.56. -2 motionless; U.6. -व्यावृत्ति a. not involving any return (to worldly existence). -व्रण a. 1 unhurt, without wounds. -2 without rents. -व्रत a. not observing vows. -व्रीड a. shameless, impudent. -हिमम् cessation of winter. -हेति a. weaponless. -हेतु a. causeless, having no cause or reason. -ह्रीक a. 1 shameless, impudent. -2 bold, daring. | | | nirākṛ | निराकृ 8 U. 1 To expel, drive away, repudiate; उग्रंपश्येन सुग्रीवस्तेन भ्राता निराकृतः Bk.6.1; R.14.57. -2 To refute (as an opinion). -3 To give up, abandon. -4 To destroy completely, annihilate. -5 To revile, contemn, slight. -6 To oppose, obstruct, contradict. -7 To refuse, decline, reject. -8 To omit. -9 To disappoint, frustrate. | | | nirṛtiḥ | निर्ऋतिः f. 1 Decay, destruction, dissolution; विद्याद- लक्ष्मीकतमं जनानां मुखे निबद्धां निर्ऋतिं वहन्तम् Mb.1.87.9;5.36.8. -2 A calamity, evil, bane, adversity; हिंसाया निर्ऋतेर्मृत्यो- र्निरयस्य गुदः स्मृतः Bhāg.2.6.9; सा हि लोकस्य निर्ऋतिः U. 5.3. -3 An imprecation, a curse. -4 Death or destruction personified, the goddess of death or destruction, the regent of the south-western quarter; Bhāg. 1.19.4; पाकयज्ञविधानेन यजेत निर्ऋतिं निशि Ms.11.119. -5 The bottom of the earth. -6 The asterism Mūla. -m. 1 Death or genius of death; राज्यकामो मनून् देवान्निर्ऋतिं त्वभि- चरन् यजेत् Bhāg.2.3.9. -2 N. of one of the 8 Vasus. -3 N. of a Rudra. | | | nirbharts | निर्भर्त्स् 1. Ā. 1 To revile, censure, abuse. -2 To surpass, eclipse, put to shame; अशोकनिर्भर्त्सितपद्मकारम् Ku.3.53. -3 To menace; उपवनं निरभर्त्सयत प्रियान् वियुवती- र्युवतीः शिशिरानिलः Śi.6.62. निर्भर्त्सनम् nirbhartsanam ना nā निर्भर्त्सनम् ना 1 Threat, menace; जननीनिर्भर्त्सनविवृद्ध- मन्युना (शिशुना) Śi.15.87. -2 Abuse, reproach, reviling, blame. -3 Malignity. -4 Red paint, lac. | | | niśā | निशा [नितरां श्यति तनूकरोति व्यापारान् शो-क Tv.] 1 Night या निशा सर्वभूतानां तस्यां जागर्ति संयमी Bg.2.69. -2 Turmeric. -3 A dream. -4 A collective name for the zodiacal signs Aries, Taurus, Gemini, Cancer, Sagittarius, and Capricorn. -5 A species of plant (Mar. कचरा or उपळसरी). -Comp. -अटः, -अटनः 1 an owl. -2 a demon, ghost, goblin; ईश्वरस्य निशाटानां विलोक्य निखिलां पुरीम् Bk. 8.115; Rām. Ch.1.34 -अटकः bdellium. -अतिक्रमः, -अत्ययः, -अन्तः, -अवसानम् 1 the passing away of night. -2 daybreak; ये मां स्तुवन्त्यनेनाङ्ग प्रतिबुध्य निशात्यये Bhāg.8.4.25. -अदः = Niṣāda q. v. -अन्ध a. blind at night. (-न्धा) the creeper called जतुका. -अधीशः, -ईशः, -नाथः, -पतिः, -मणिः, -रत्नम् 1 the moon. -2 camphor. -अर्धकालः the first part of the night. -आख्या -आह्वा turmeric. -आदिः the evening twilight. -उत्सर्गः end of night, day break. -उषित a. having remained overnight (Mar. शिळे). -एतः a crane. -करः 1 the moon; बहुले$पि गते निशाकरस्तनुतां दुःखमनङ्ग मोक्ष्यति Ku.4.13; द्विजावली बालनिशाकरांशुभिः. -2 a cock. -3 camphor. -4 N. of the numeral 1. -केतुः the moon -गुह a bed-chamber. -क्षयः close of night. -चर a. (-रा, री f.) moving about by night, night stalker. -(रः) 1 a fiend, goblin, an evil spirit; तस्मै निशाचरैश्वर्यं प्रतिशुश्राव राघवः R.12.69. -2 an epithet of Śiva. -3 a jackal. -4 an owl. -5 a snake. -6 the ruddy goose. -7 a thief. ˚पतिः 1 an epithet of (1) Śiva; (2) of Rāvaṇa. (-री) 1 a female fiend. -2 a woman going to meet her lover at night by appointment; राममन्मथशरेण ताडिता दुःसहेन हृदये निशाचरी R.11.2 (where the word is used sense 1 also). -3 a harlot. -चर्मन् m. darkness. -जलम् dew, frost. -दर्शिन् m. an owl. -निशम् ind. every night, always; ऋषेस्तस्योटज- स्थस्य कालो$गच्छन्निशानिशम्. -पुष्पम् 1 the white water-lily (opening at night). -2 hoar-frost, dew. -बलम् see निशा (4). -मुखम् the beginning of night, cf. प्रदोषो रजनीमुखम्. -मृगः a jackal -रत्नम् 1 the moon -2 camphor. -वनः hemp (शण). -विहारः a demon. goblin, a Rākṣasa; प्रचक्रतू रामनिशाविहारौ Bk.2.36. -वेदिन् m. a cock. -हसः the white water-lily (opening at night). | | | niṣkāsita | निष्कासित p. p. 1 Expelled, turned out, driven out. -2 Gone forth or out, issued. -3 Placed, deposited. -4 Stationed, appointed. -5 Opened, blown, expanded. -6 Reviled, reproached. | | | niṣkram | निष्क्रम् 1 U. 1 To go away or from, leave, depart. -2 To issue from, come out of; निष्क्रम्य शिक्षया तस्या- स्त्रपान्वतो रसातलात् Bk.7.71. -3 To make an exit from the stage; इति निष्क्रान्ताः सर्वे-- -4 To stop, cease; नैतावतापि पीडा निष्क्रामति Ś.2; 'the evil does not stop here.' | | | pataṅgaḥ | पतङ्गः [पतन् उत्प्लवन् गच्छति गम्-ड नि˚] 1 A bird; नृपः पतङ्गं समधत्त पाणिना N.1.124; Bv.1.17. -2 The sun; विकसति हि पतङ्गस्योदये पुण्डरीकम् U.6.12; Mal.1.24; Śi. 1.12; R.2.15. -3 A moth, locust, or grass-hopper; पतङ्गवद्वह्निमुखं विविक्षुः Ku.3.64;4.2; Pt 3.126. -4 A bee. -5 A ball for playing with; यो$सौ त्वया करसरोजहतः पतङ्गः Bhāg.5.2.14. -6 Ved. A spark. -7 A devil. -8 Quicksilver. -9 N. of Kṛiṣṇa -1 A horse. -11 A species of rice. -ङ्गम् 1 Quicksilver. -2 A kind of sandal wood. | | | parākṛṣṭa | पराकृष्ट a. Disparaged, reviled. | | | paricakṣ | परिचक्ष् 2 Ā. 1 To declare, relate, tell. -2 To enumerate. -3 To mention. -4 To name, call; वेदप्रदाना- दाचार्यं पितरं परिचक्षते Ms.2.171; श्रद्धाविरहितं यज्ञं तामसं परिचक्षते Bg.17.13,17. -5 To disregard, overlook, pass over; revile; को वैनं परिचक्षीत Bhāg.4.14.33. -6 To disapprove, reject. -7 To acknowledge, admit. -8 To address (with acc.). -9 To answer. | | | parivad | परिवद् 1 P. To abuse, censure, revile. | | | parivadanam | परिवदनम् 1 Reviling. -2 Clamouring. | | | parivādin | परिवादिन् a. 1 Reviling, censuring, abusing, slandering. -2 Accusing. -3 Screaming, crying aloud. -4 Censured, slandered. -m. An accuser, a plaintiff, complainant. -नी A lute (वीणा) of seven strings; Śi.6. 9; R.8.35; N.15.44; महतीं परिवादिनीं च कांचिद् भुजपाशै- स्तपनीयपारिहार्यैः Bu. Ch.5.54. | | | palalaḥ | पललः A demon, goblin, an evil spirit. -लम् 1 Flesh. -2 Mire, mud. -3 A sweetmeat made of ground sesamum and sugar. -Comp. -आशयः swelled neck. -ज्वरः gall, bile. -प्रियः 1 a raven. -2 a demon. | | | pāpa | पाप a. [पाति रक्षत्यस्मादात्मानम्, पा-अपादाने प; Uṇ.3.23] 1 Evil, sinful, wicked, vicious; पापं कर्म च यत् परैरपि कृतं तत् तस्य संभाव्यते Mk.1.36; साधुष्वपि च पापेषु समबुद्धि- र्विशिष्यते Bg.6.9. -2 Mischievous, destructive, accursed; पापेन मृत्युना गृहीतो$स्मि M.4. -3 Low, vile, abandoned; Ms.3.52; अधार्मिकाणां पापानामाशु पश्यन् विपर्ययम् 4.171. -4 Inauspicious, malignant, foreboding evil; as in पापग्रहः. -पम् 1 Evil, bad fortune or state; पापं पापाः कथयथ कथं शौर्यराशेः पितुर्मे Ve.3.6; शान्तं पापम् 'may the evil be averted', 'god forbid' (often used in dramas). -2 Sin, crime, vice, guilt; अपापानां कुले जाते मयि पापं न विद्यते Mk.9.37; Ms.11.231;4 181; R.12.19. -पम् ind. badly, sinfully, wrongly. -पः A wretch, sinful person, wicked or profligate person; पापस्तु दिग्देवतया हतौजास्तं नाभ्यभूदवितं विष्णुपत्न्या Bhāg.6.13.17. -पा 1 A beast of prey. -2 A witch. -Comp. -अङ्कुशा N. of the Ekādaśī in the light half of Āśvina. -अधम a. exceedingly wicked, vilest. -अनुबन्धः bad result or consequences. -अनुवसित a. sinful. -अपनुत्तिः f. expiation. -अहः an unlucky day. -आख्या one of the seven divisions of the planetary courses. -आचार a. following evil or sinful courses, leading a sinful life, vicious, wicked. -आत्मन् a. evil-minded, sinful, wicked; पापात्मा पापसंभवः Purāna. (-m.) a sinner. -आरम्भ a. wicked, villainous, committing murderous deeds; पापारम्भवतोर्मृगीव वृकयोर्भीरुर्गता गोचरम् Māl.5.24. -आशय, -चेतस् a. evil-intentioned, wicked-minded. -उक्त addressed in ill-omened words. -कर, -कारिन्, -कृत्, -कर्म(र्मि)न् &c. a. sinful, a sinner, villain. -क्षयः removal or destruction of sin. -गतिः ill-fated. -ग्रहः a planet of evil or malignant aspect, such as Mars, Saturn, Rāhu or Ketu. -घ्न a. destroying sin, expiating; मत्समः पातकी नास्ति पापघ्नी त्वत्समा न हि Śaṅkarāchārya. (-घ्नः) the sesamum plant. (-घ्नी) the Tulasī plant. -चर्यः 1 a sinner. -2 demon. -चेलिका, -चेली Clypea Hernandifolia (Mar. पहाडमूळ). -चैलम् an inauspicious garment. -जीव a. wicked, sinful. -दर्शन्, -दर्शिन् looking at faults, malevolent. -दृष्टि a. evileyed. -धी a. evil-minded, wicked. -नक्षत्रम् an inauspicious constellation. -नापितः a cunning or vile barber. -नाशन a. destroying or expiating sin. (-नः) 1 N. of Śiva. -2 of Viṣṇu. (-नम्) expiation, atonement. (-नी, -नाशिनी) 1 the wild Tulasī plant or Śamī. -2 N. of a river. -निरति a. wicked, sinful. -f. wickedness. -निष्कृतिः atonement for sin. -पतिः a paramour. -पुरुषः a villainous person. -फल a. evil, inauspicious; पापफल- नरकादिमांस्तु शुभकर्मफलस्वर्गमस्त्विति काङ्क्षते Maṅḍala Brā. Up.2.4. -बुद्धि, -भाव, -मति a. evil-minded, wicked, depraved. -भक्षणः N. of Kālabhairava. -भाज् a. sinful, a sinner; न केवलं यो महतो$पभाषते शृणोति तस्मादपि यः स पापभाक् Ku.5.83. -मित्रम् a bad counsellor or friend. -मुक्त a. freed from sin, purified. -मोचनम्, -विनाशनम् destruction of sin. -योनि a. lowborn. (-निः f.) vile birth, birth in an inferior condition. -रोगः 1 any bad disease. -2 small-pox. -लोक्य a. 1 infernal. -2 belonging to the wicked. -वशीयस् a. 1 inverted -2 confused. (-m.) inversion, confusion. -वंश a. born in a degraded family; शशाप तान् न राज्यार्हाः पापवंशा भविष्यथ Bm.1.349. -विनिग्रहः restraining wickedness. -शमन a. removing crime. -शील a. prone to evil, wicked by nature, evil minded. -संकल्प a. evil-minded, wicked. (-ल्पः) a wicked thought. -हन् a. destroying sin; यत्र श्यामो लोहिताक्षो दण्डश्चरति पापहा । प्रजास्तत्र न मुह्यन्ति नेता चेत् साधु पश्यति ॥ Ms.7.25. | | | piśācaḥ | पिशाचः [पिशितमाचामति, आ + चम् बा˚ ड पृषो˚] A fiend, goblin, devil, spirit, malevolent being; नन्वाश्वासितः पिशाचो$पि भोजनेन V.2; Ms.1.37;12.44. -Comp. -आलयः phosphorescence. -चर्या the practice of पिशाचs -द्रुः a kind of tree. -बाधा, -संचारः demoniacal possession. -भाषा 'the language of devils', a gibberish or corruption of Sanskrit, one of the lowest Prākṛita dialects used in plays. -सभम् 1 an assemblage of fiends. -2 pandemonium, the hall of their assembly. | | | piśācikā | पिशाचिका 1 A she-demon, a female imp. -2 (At the end of comp.) Devilish or diabolical fondness for a thing; किमनया आयुधपिशाचिकया Mv.3 'devilish fondness for fighting'; (पिशाची is used in the same sense; तस्य खल्वियं यावज्जीवमायुधपिशाची न हृदयादपक्रामति B. R.4; or कियच्चिरमियमतिनाटयिष्यति भवन्तमायुधपिशाची A. R.4). | | | prati | प्रति ind. 1 As a prefix to verbs it means (a) towards, in the direction of; (b) back, in return, again; तष्ठेदानीं न मे जीवन् प्रतियास्यसि दुर्मते Rām.7.18.13; (c) in opposition to, against, counter; (d) upon, down upon; (see the several roots with this preposition). -2 As a prefix to nouns not directly derived from verbs it means (a) likeness, resemblance, equality; (b) opposite, of the opposite side; प्रतिबल Ve.3.5. 'the opposing force'; so प्रतिद्विपाः Mu.2.13; (c) rivalry; as in प्रतिचन्द्रः 'a rival moon'; प्रतिपुरुषः &c. -3 As a separable preposition (with acc.) it means (a) towards, in the direction of, to; तौ दम्पती स्वां प्रति राजधानीं प्रस्थापयामास वशी वसिष्ठः R.2.7;1. 75; प्रत्यनिलं विचेरु Ku.3.31; वृक्षं प्रति विद्योतते विद्युत् Sk.; (b) against, counter, in opposition to, opposite; तदा यायाद् रिपुं प्रति Ms.7.171; प्रदुदुवुस्तं प्रति राक्षसेन्द्रम् Rām.; ययावजः प्रत्यरिसैन्यमेव R.7.55; (c) in comparison with, on a par with, in proportion to, a match for; त्वं सहस्राणि प्रति Ṛv.2.1.8; (d) near, in the vicinity of, by, at, in, on; समासेदुस्ततो गङ्गां शृङ्गवेरपुरं प्रति Rām.; गङ्गां प्रति; (e) at the time, about, during; आदित्यस्योदयं प्रति Mb; फाल्गुनं वाथ चैत्रं वा मासौ प्रति Ms.7.182; (f) on the side of, in favour of, to the lot of; यदत्र मां प्रति स्यात् Sk.; हरं प्रति हलाहलं (अभवत्) Vop.; (g) in each, in or at every, severally (used in a distributive sense); वर्षं प्रति, प्रतिवर्षम्; यज्ञं प्रति Y.1.11; वृक्षं वृक्षं प्रति सिञ्चति Sk.; (h) with regard or reference to, in relation to, regarding, concerning, about, as to; न हि मे संशीतिरस्या दिव्यतां प्रति K.132; चन्द्रोपरागं प्रति तु केनापि विप्रलब्धासि Mu.1; धर्मं प्रति Ś.5.18; मन्दौत्सुक्यो$स्मि नगरगमनं प्रति Ś.1; Ku.6.27; 7.83; त्वयैकमीशं प्रति साधु भाषितम् 5.81; Y.1.218; R.6. 12;1.29;12.51; (i) according to, in conformity with; मां प्रति in my opinion; (j) before, in the presence of; (k) for, on account of. -4 As a separable preposition (with abl.) it means either (a) a representative of, in place of, instead of; प्रद्युम्नः कृष्णात् प्रति Sk.; संग्रामे यो नारायणतः प्रति Bk.8.89; or (b) in exchange or return for; तिलेभ्यः प्रति यच्छति माषान् Sk.; भक्तेः प्रत्यमृतं शंभोः Vop. -5 As the first member of Avyayībhāva compound it usually means (a) in or at every; as प्रतिसंवत्सरम् 'every year', प्रतिक्षणम्, प्रत्यहम् &c.; (b) towards, in the direction of; प्रत्यग्नि शलभा डयन्ते. -6 प्रति is sometimes used as the last member of Avyayī. comp. in the sense of 'a little'; सूपप्रति, शाकप्रति. [Note:-In the compounds given below all words the second members of which are words not immediately connected with verbs, are included; other words will be found in their proper places.] -Comp. -अंशम् ind. on the shoulders. -अक्षरम् ind. in every syllable or letter; प्रत्यक्षरश्लेषमयप्रबन्ध Vās. -अग्नि ind. towards the fire. -अग्र = प्रत्यग्र q. v. -अङ्गम् 1 a secondary or minor limb (of the body), as the nose. -2 a division, chapter, section. -3 every limb. -4 a weapon. (-ङ्गम्) ind. 1 on or at every limb of the body; as in प्रत्यङ्ग- मालिङ्गितः Gīt.1. -2 for every subdivision. -3 in each case (in grammar). -अधिदेवता a tutelary deity who stays in front or near one; Hch. -अधिष्ठानम्, -आधानम् the principal place of residence; Bṛi. Up.2.2.1. -2 repository. -अनन्तर a. 1 being in immediate neighbourhood; दानमानादिसत्कारैः कुरुष्व प्रत्यनन्तरम् Rām.4.15.27. (com. प्रत्यनन्तरं स्वाधीनम्). -2 standing nearest (as an heir). -3 immediately following, closely connected with; जीवेत् क्षत्रियधर्मेण स ह्यस्य (ब्राह्मणस्य) प्रत्यनन्तरः; Ms.1. 82;8.185. (-रम्) ind. 1 immediately after. -2 next in succession. -रीभू to betake oneself close to; P. R. -अनिलम् ind. towards or against the wind. -अनीक a 1 hostile, opposed, inimical. -2 resisting, opposing. -3 opposite. -4 equal, vying with. (-कः) an enemy. (-कम्) 1 hostility, enmity, hostile attitude or position; न शक्ताः प्रत्यनीकेषु स्थातुं मम सुरासुराः Rām. -2 a hostile army; यस्य शूरा महेष्वासाः प्रत्यनीकगता रणे Mb.; ये$वस्थिताः प्रत्यनीकेषु योधाः Bg.11.32. (प्र˚ may have here sense 1 also). -3 (in Rhet.) a figure of speech in which one tries to injure a person or thing connected with an enemy who himself cannot be injured; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुं तिरस्क्रिया । या तदीयस्य तत्स्तुत्यै प्रत्यनीकं तदुच्यते K. P.1. -अनुप्रासः a kind of alliteration. -अनुमानम् an opposite conclusion. -अन्त a. contiguous, lying close to, adjacent, bordering. (-न्तः) 1 a border, frontier; स गुप्तमूलप्रत्यन्तः R.4.26. -2 a bordering country; especially, a country occupied by barbarian or Mlechchhas. ˚देशः a bordering country. ˚पर्वतः an adjacent hill; पादाः प्रत्यन्तपर्वताः Ak. -अन्धकार a. spreading shadow; Buddh. -अपकारः retaliation, injury in return; शाम्येत् प्रत्यप- कारेण नोपकारेण दुर्जनः Ku.2.4. -अब्दम् ind. every year -अमित्र a. hostile. (-त्रः) an enemy. (-त्रम्) ind. towards as enemy. -अरिः 1 a well-matched opponent. -2 the 9th, 14th or 23rd asterism from the जन्मनक्षत्र. -3 a particular asterism; दारुणेषु च सर्वेषु प्रत्यरिं च विवर्जयेत् Mb.13.14.28 (com. प्रत्यरिं स्वनक्षत्राद् दिननक्षत्रं यावद् गणयित्वा नवभिर्भागे हृते पञ्चमी तारा प्रत्यरिः ।). -अर्कः a mock sun; parhelion. -अर्गलम् the rope by which a churning stick is moved. -अवयवम् ind. 1 in every limb. -2 in every particular, in detail. -अवर a. 1 lower, less honoured; पुरावरान् प्रत्यवरान् गरीयसः Mb.13.94.12. -2 very low or degrading, very insignificant; Ms.1.19. -अश्मन् m. red chalk. -अष्ठीला a kind of nervous disease. -अहम् ind. every day, daily; day by day; गिरिशमुपचचार प्रत्यहं सा सुकेशी Ku.1.6. -आकारः a scabbard, sheath. -आघातः 1 a counter-stroke. -2 reaction. -आचारः suitable conduct or behaviour. -आत्मम् ind. singly, severally. -आत्मक a. belonging to oneself. -आत्म्यम् similarity with oneself. -आत्मेन ind. after one's own image; स किंनरान् कुंपुरुषान् प्रत्यात्म्येना- सृजत् प्रभुः Bhāg.3.2.45. -आदित्यः a mock sun. -आरम्भः 1 recommencement, second beginning. -2 prohibition. -आर्द्र a. fresh. -आशा 1 hope, expectation; न यत्र प्रत्याशामनुपतति नो वा रहयति Māl.9.8. -2 trust, confidence. -आसङ्गः Connection, contact; अथ प्रत्यासङ्गः कमपि महिमानं वितरति Mv.1.12. -आस्वर 1 returning. -2 reflecting; Ch.Up.1.3.2. -आह्वयः echo, resonance; छाया प्रत्याह्वयाभासा ह्यसन्तो$प्यर्थकारिणः Bhāg.11.28.5. -उत्तरम् a reply, rejoinder. -उलूकः 1 a crow; मृत्युदूतः कपोतो$यमुलूकः कम्पयन्मनः । प्रत्युलूकश्च कुह्वानैरनिद्रौ शून्यमिच्छतः ॥ Bhāg.1.14.14. -2 a bird resembling an owl. -ऋचम् ind. in each Rik. -एक a. each, each one, every single one. (-कम्) ind. 1 one at a time, severally; singly, in every one, to every one; oft. with the force of an adjective; विवेश दण्डकारण्यं प्रत्येकं च सतां मनः R.12.9. 'entered the mind of every good man'; 12.3;7.34; Ku.2.31. -एनस् m. 1 an officer of justice (who punishes criminals); Bṛi. Up.4.3.7. -2 a heir responsible for the debts of the deceased; surety. -कञ्चुकः 1 an adversary. -2 a critic. -कण्ठम् ind. 1 severally, one by one. -2 near the throat. -कलम् ind. constantly, perpetually. -कश a. not obeying the whip. -कष्ट a. comparatively bad. -कामिनी a female rival; Śi. -कायः 1 an effigy, image, picture, likeness. -2 an adversary; स वृषध्वजसायकावभिन्नं जयहेतुः प्रतिकाय- मेषणीयम् Ki.13.28. -3 a target, butt, mark. -कितवः an opponent in a game. -कुञ्जरः a hostile elephant. -कूपः a moat, ditch. -कूल a. 1 unfavourable, adverse, contrary, hostile, opposite, प्रतिकूलतामुपगते हि विधौ विफलत्व- मेति बहुसाधनता Śi.9.6; Ku.3.24. -2 harsh, discordant. unpleasant, disagreeable; अप्यन्नपुष्टा प्रतिकूलशब्दा Ku.1. 45. -3 inauspicious. -4 contradictory. -5 reverse, inverted. -6 perverse, cross, peevish, stubborn. ˚आचार- णम्, ˚आचरितम् any offensive or hostile action or conduct; प्रतिकूलाचरितं क्षमख मे R.8.81. ˚उक्तम्, -क्तिः f. a contradiction. ˚कारिन्, -कृत, -चारिन्, -वत्ति a. opposing. ˚दर्शन a. having an inauspicious or ungracious appearance. ˚प्रवर्तिन्, -वर्तिन् a. acting adversely, taking an adverse course. ˚भाषिन् a. opposing, contradicting. ˚वचनम् disagreeable or unpleasant speech. ˚वादः contradiction. (प्रतिकूलता, -त्वम् adverseness, opposition, hostility. प्रति- कूलयति 'to oppose'.). -कूल ind. 1 adversely, contrarily. -2 inversely, in inverted order. -कूलय Den. P. to resist, oppose. -कूलिक a. hostile, inimical. -क्षणम् ind. at every moment or instant, constantly; प्रतिक्षणं संभ्रमलोलदृष्टि- र्लीलारविन्देन निवारयन्ती Ku.3.56. -क्षपम् ind. everynight. -गजः a hostile elephant -गात्रम् ind. in very limb. -गिरिः 1 an opposite mountain. -2 an inferior mountain. -गृहम्, -गेहम् ind. in every house. -ग्रामम् ind. in every village. -चक्रम् a hostile army. -चन्द्रः a mock moon; paraselene. -चरणम् ind. 1 in every (Vedic) school or branch. -2 at every foot-step. -छाया, -यिका 1 a reflected image, reflection, shadow; रूपं प्रतिच्छायिक- योपनीतम् N.6.45. -2 an image, picture. -जङ्घा the forepart of the leg. -जिह्वा, -जिह्विका the soft palate, -तन्त्रम् ind. according to each Tantra or opinion. -तन्त्र- सिद्धान्तः a conclusion adopted by one of the disputants only; (वादिप्रतिवाद्येकतरमात्राभ्युपगतः). -त्र्यहम् ind. for three days at a time. -दण्ड a. Ved. disobedient. -दिनम् ind. every day; राशीभूतः प्रतिदिनमिव त्र्यम्बकस्याट्टहासः Me.6. -दिशम् ind. in every direction, all round, everywhere. -दूतः a messenger sent in return. -देवता a corresponding deity; गताः कलाः पञ्चदश प्रतिष्ठा देवाश्च सर्वे प्रतिदेवतासु Muṇḍa.3.2.7. -देशम् ind. in every country. -देहम् ind. in every body. -दैवतम् ind. for every deity. -द्वन्द्वः 1 an antagonist, opponent, adversary, rival. -2 an enemy. (-द्वम्) opposition, hostility. -द्वन्द्विन् a. 1 hostile, inimical. -2 adverse (प्रतिकूल); कृतान्तदुर्वृत्त इवापरेषां पुरः प्रतिद्वन्द्विनि पाण्डवास्त्रे Ki.16.29. -3 rivalling, vying with; किसलयोद्भेदप्रतिद्वन्दिभिः (करतलैः) Ś.4.5. (-m.) an opponent, adversary, rival; तुल्यप्रति- द्वन्द्वि बभूव युद्धम् R.7.37.;15.25. -द्वारम् ind. at every gate. -धुरः a horse harnessed by the side of another. -नप्तृ m. great-grandson, a son's grandson. -नव a. 1 new, young, fresh. -2 newly blown budded; सान्ध्यं तेजः प्रतिनवजपापुष्परक्तं दधानः Me.38. -नाडी a branch-vein. -नायकः the adversary of the hero of any poetic composition; धीरोद्धतः पापकारी व्यसनी प्रतिनायकः S. D., as रावण in the Rāmāyaṇa, शिशुपाल in Māgha-Kāvya &c. -नारी, -पत्नी, -युवतिः a female rival; Śi.7.45. -निनादः = प्रतिध्वनिः q. v. -न्यायम् ind. in inverted order; पुनः प्रतिन्यायं प्रतियोन्याद्रवति स्वप्नायैव Bṛi. Up.4.3.15. -पक्ष a. like, similar. (-क्षः) 1 the opposite side, party or faction, hostility; विमृश्य पक्षप्रतिपक्षाभ्यामवधारणं नियमः Gaut. S, -2 an adversary, enemy, foe, rival; प्रति- पक्षकामिनी, -लक्ष्मी 'a rival wife'; Bv.2.64; दासीकृतायाः प्रति- पक्षलक्ष्याः Vikr.1.73; प्रतिपक्षमशक्तेन प्रतिकर्तुम् K. P.1; Vikr.1.7; often used in comp. in the sense of 'equal' or 'similar'. -3 remedy, expiation; यादवस्य पापस्य प्रतिपक्षमुपदिशामि Nāg.5. -4 a defendant or respondent (in law). ˚ता 1 hostility, opposition. -2 obstacle. -पक्षित a. 1 containing a contradiction. -2 nullified by a contradictory premise; (as a hetu in न्याय); cf. सत्प्रतिपक्ष. -पक्षिन् m. an opponent, adversary. -पण्यम् merchandise in exchange; Buddh. -प्रथम् ind. along the road, towards the way; प्रतिपथगतिरासीद् वेगदीर्घीकृताङ्गः Ku.3.76. -पदम् ind. 1 at evry stop. -2 at every place, everywhere. -3 expressly. -4 in every word; प्रतिपदाख्याने तु गौरवं परिहरद्भिर्वृत्तिकारैः सर्वसामान्यः शब्दः प्रति- गृहीतः प्रकृतिवदिति ŚB. on MS.8.1.2. -पल्लवः an opposite or outstretched branch; R. -पाणः 1 a stake. -2 a counter-pledge. -3 a counter-stake; Mb.3. -पादम् ind. in each quarter. -पात्रम् ind. with regard to each part, of each character; प्रतिपात्रमाधीयतां यत्नः Ś.1 'let care be taken of each character'. -पादपम् ind. in every tree. -पाप a. returning sin for sin, requiting evil for evil. -पु(पू)रुषः 1 a like or similar man. -2 a substitute, deputy. -3 a companion. -4 the effigy of a man pushed by thieves into the interior of a house before entering it themselves (to ascertain if any body is awake). -5 an effigy in general. (-षम्) ind. man by man, for each man. -पुस्तकम् a copy of an original manuscript. -पूर्वाह्णम् ind. every forenoon. -प्रति a. counter-balancing, equal to. -प्रभातम् ind. every morning. -प्रसवः 1 (As opposed to अनुप्रसव) tracing causes back to the origin as -a pot, a lump of mud, mud, clay, Pātañjala Yogadarśana. -2 Negation of (or exception to) a negation. The force of a प्रतिप्रसव is positive, limiting as it does the scope of a प्रतिषेध or negation. Hence it is just the opposite of परिसंख्या whose force is negative or exclusive since it limits the scope of a positive statement. प्रतिप्रसवो$यं न परिसंख्या ŚB. on MS.1.7.45. -प्रकारः an outer wall or rampart. -प्रियम् a kindness or service in return; प्रतिप्रियं चेद् भवतो न कुर्यां वृथा हि मे स्यात् स्वपदोपलब्धिः R.5.56. -बन्धुः an equal in rank or station; Mb.5.121.13. -बलः a. 1 able, powerful. -2 equal in strength, equally matched or powerful. (-लम्) 1 a hostile army; अस्त्रज्वालावलीढप्रतिबलजलधेरन्तरौर्वायमाणे Ve.3.7. -2 strength. -बाहु 1 the forepart of the arm. -2 an opposite side (in a square or polygon). -बि (वि) म्बः, -म्बम् 1 a reflection, reflected image; ज्योतिषां प्रतिबिम्बानि प्राप्नु- वन्त्युपहारताम् Ku.6.42; Śi.9.18. -2 an image, a picture. -बीजम् a rotten seed. -भट a. vying with, rivalling; घटप्रतिभटस्तनि N.13.5. (-टः) 1 a rival, an opponent; निवासः कन्दर्पप्रतिभटजटाजूटभवने G. L.21. -2 a warrior on the opposite side; समालोक्याजौ त्वां विदधति विकल्पान् प्रतिभटाः K. P.1. -भय a. 1 fearful, formidable, terrible, frightful. -2 dangerous; स्वगृहोद्यानगते$पि स्निग्धैः पापं विशङ्क्यते मोहात् । किमु दृष्टबह्वपायप्रतिभयकान्तारमध्यस्थे ॥ Pt.2.171; Nāg.5.1.; Bhāg.1.6.14. (-यम्) a danger; सुनन्द, श्रुतं मया संनिहितगरुडप्रतिभयमुद्देशं जामाता जीमूतवाहनो गतः Nāg.5. -भैरव a. dreadful. -मञ्चः a kind of measure (in music.) -मञ्चाः Platforms opposite to each other; दशभागिकौ द्वौ प्रतिमञ्चौ Kau. A.2.3.21. -मण्डलम् 1 a secondary disc (of the sun &c.). -2 an eccentric orbit. -मन्दिरम् ind. in every house. -मल्लः an antagonist, a rival; उपेयिवांसं प्रतिमल्लतां रयस्मये जितस्य प्रसभं गरुत्मतः N.1.63; पातालप्रतिमल्लगल्ल &c. Māl.5.22. -मानना worship (पूजा); स्पर्शमशुचिवपुरर्हति न प्रतिमाननां तु नितरां नृपोचिताम् Śi.15.35. -माया a counter-spell or charm; प्रतिमाया कृतं च तत् Mb.1.34.22. -मार्गः the way back; Mb.4. -मार्गम् ind. back, backwards. -माला capping verses (Mar. भंडी). -मासम् ind. every month, monthly. -मित्रम् an enemy, adversary. -मुख a. standing before the face, facing; प्रतिमुखागत Ms.8.291. -2 near, present. (-खम्) a secondary plot or incident in a drama which tends either to hasten or retard the catastrophe; see S. D.334 and 351-364. (-खम्) ind. 1 towards. -2 in front, before. -मुखरी a particular mode of drumming. -मुद्रा 1 a counterseal. -2 the impression of a seal. -मुहूर्तम् ind. every moment. -मूर्तिः f. an image, a likeness. -मूषिका f. a musk-rat (Mar. चिचुंदरी). -यूथपः the leader of a hostile herd of elephants. -रथः an adversary in war (lit. in fighting in a war-chariot); दौष्यन्तिमप्रतिरथं तनयं निवेश्य Ś.4.2. -रथ्यम् in every road; अस्मिन् नगरे प्रतिरथ्यं भुजङ्गबद्धसंचारे Udb. -रवः, -ध्वनिः 1 an echo; प्रतिरवविततो वनानि चक्रे Ki.1.4. -2 quarrel; controversy. -3 (Ved.) life (प्राण). -रसितम् an echo; केनास्मत् सिंह- नादप्रतिरसितसखो दुन्दुभिस्ताड्यते$यम् Ve.1.22. -राजः a hostile king. -रात्रम् ind. every night. -रूप a. 1 corresponding, similar, having a counter-part in; अग्निर्यथैको भुवनं प्रविष्टो रूपं रूपं प्रतिरूपो बभूव Kaṭh.2.2.9. -2 beautiful. -3 suitable, proper; इदं न प्रतिरूपं ते स्त्रीष्वदाक्षिण्यमीदृशम् Bu. Ch.4.66; आत्मनः प्रतिरूपं सा बभाषे चारुहासिनी Rām.4. 19.17. -4 facing (अभिमुख); प्रतिरूपं जनं कुर्यान्न चेत् तद् वर्तते यथा Mb.12.97.16 (com. प्रतिरूपं युद्धाभिमुखम्). (-पम्) 1 a picture, an image, a likeness. -2 a mirror-like reflecting object; अदर्शनं स्वशिरसः प्रतिरूपे च सत्यपि Bhāg. 1.42.28. -4 an object of comparison (उपमान); भवान्मे खलु भक्तानां सर्वेषां प्रतिरूपधृक् Bhāg.7.1.21. -रूपक a. resembling, similar (at the end of comp.); जहीमान् राक्षसान् पापानात्मनः प्रतिरूपकान् Mb.3.29.11; चेष्टाप्रतिरूपिका मनोवृत्तिः Ś.1. (-कम्) 1 a picture, an image; अग्निदैर्गर- दैश्चैव प्रतिरूपककारकैः Mb.12.59.49. -2 a forged edict; जर्जरं चास्य विषयं कुर्वन्ति प्रतिरूपकैः Mb.12.56.52. -3 a reflection. -लक्षणम् a mark, sign, token. -लिपिः f. a transcript, a written copy. -लेखः a writ of reply; प्रावृत्तिकश्च प्रतिलेख एव Kau. A.2.1.28. -लोम a. 1 'against the hair or grain', contray to the natural order, inverted, reverse (opp. अनुलोम); नववर्षसहस्राक्षः प्रतिलोमो$भवद् गुरुः Bhāg.12.14.15. -2 contrary to caste (said of the issue of a woman who is of a higher caste than her husband). -3 hostile. -4 low, vile, base. -5 left (वाम). -6 obstinate, perverse; अपरिचितस्यापि ते$प्रतिलोमः संवृत्तः Ś.7. -7 disagreeable, unpleasant. (-मम्) any injurious or unpleasant act. (-मम्) ind. 'against the hair or grain', inversely, invertedly. ˚ज a. born in the inverse order of the castes; i. e. born of a mother who is of a higher caste than the father; cf. Ms.1.16,25. -लोमक a. reverse, inverted; राजन्यविप्रयोः कस्माद् विवाहः प्रतिलोमकः Bhāg.9.18.5. -कम् inverted order. -लोमतः ind. 1 in consequence of the inverted order or course; Ms.1.68. -2 in an unfriendly manner; यदा बहुविधां वृद्धिं मन्येत प्रतिलोमतः Mb.12.13.39. -वत्सरम् ind. every year. -वनम् ind. in every forest. -वर्णिक a. similar, corresponding. -वर्धिन् a. being a match for. -वर्षम् ind. every year. -वस्तु n. 1 an equivalent, a counterpart. -2 anything given in return. -3 a parallel. ˚उपमा a figure of speech thus defined by Mammaṭa:-- प्रतिवस्तूपमा तु सा ॥ सामान्यस्य द्विरेकस्य यत्र वाक्यद्वये स्थितिः । K. P.1; e. g. तापेन भ्राजते सूर्यः शूरश्चापेन राजते Chandr.5. 48. -वातः a contrary wind; प्रतिवाते$नुवाते च नासीत गुरुणा सह Ms.2.23. (-तम्) ind. against the wind; चीनांशुक- मिव केतोः प्रतिवातं नीयमानस्य Ś.1.33. -वारणः a hostile elephant. -वासरम् ind. every day. -विटपम् ind. 1 on every branch. -2 branch by branch. -विषम् an antidote. (-षा) a birch tree. -विष्णुकः a Muchakunda tree. -वीरः an opponent, antagonist. -वीर्यम् being equal to or a match for. -वृषः a hostile bull. -वेलम् ind. at each time, on every occasion. -वेशः 1 a neighbouring house, neighbourhood. -2 a neighbour. -वेशिन् a. a neighbour; दृष्ट्वा प्रभातसमये प्रतिवेशिवर्गः Mk.3.14. -वेश्मन् n. a neighbour's house. -वेश्यः a neighbour. -वैरम् requital of hostilities revenge. -शब्दः 1 echo, reverberation; वसुधाधरकन्दराभिसर्पी प्रतिशब्दो$पि हरेर्भिनत्ति नागान् V. 1.16; Ku.6.64; R.2.28. -2 a roar. -शशिन् m. a mock-moon. -शाखम् ind. for every branch or school (of the Veda). -शाखा a side-branch; महाभूतविशेषश्च विशेषप्रतिशाखवान् Mb.14.35.21. -संवत्सरम् ind. every year. -सङ्गक्षिका 1 a cloak to keep off the dust; Buddh. -संदेशः a reply to the message; दर्पसारस्य प्रति- संदेशमावेदयत् D. K.2.1. -सम a. equal to, a match for. -सव्य a. in an inverted order. -सामन्तः an enemy. -सायम् ind. every evening. -सूर्यः, -सूर्यकः 1 a mock-sun. -2 a lizard, chameleon; 'कृकलासस्तु सरटः प्रतिसूर्यः शयानकः ।' Hemchandra; तृष्यद्भिः प्रतिसूर्यकैरजगरस्वेदद्रवः पीयते U.2.16. -सेना, सैन्यम् a hostile army; निहतां प्रतिसैन्येन वडवामिव पातिताम् Rām.2.114.17. -स्थानम् ind. in every place, everywhere. -स्मृतिः N. of particular kind of magic; गृहाणेमां मया प्रोक्तां सिद्धिं मूर्तिमतीमिव । विद्यां प्रतिस्मृतिं नाम Mb.3.36.3. -स्रोतस् ind. against the stream; सरस्वतीं प्रतिस्रोतं ययौ ब्राह्मणसंवृतः Bhāg.1.78. 18. -a. going against the stream; अथासाद्य तु कालिन्दी प्रतिस्रोतः समागताम् Rām.2.55.5. -हस्तः, -हस्तकः a deputy, an agent, substitute, proxy; आश्रितानां भृतौ स्वामिसेवायां धर्मसेवने । पुत्रस्योत्पादने चैव न सन्ति प्रतिहस्तकाः ॥ H.2.33. -हस्तीकृ to take; Pratijñā 3. -हस्तिन् the keeper of a brothel; Dk.2.2. | | | pratikṣip | प्रतिक्षिप् 6 P. 1 To throw or cast into. -2 To hurt, injure. -3 To revile, ridicule. | | | pratikṣipta | प्रतिक्षिप्त p. p. 1 Turned away, rejected, dismissed. -2 Repelled, resisted, repulsed, opposed. -3 Abused, reviled, traduced. -4 Sent, despatched. -5 Hurt, injured. -6 Despised, slighted. -7 Falsely accused. -प्तम् Medicine. प्रतिक्षेपः pratikṣēpḥ प्रतिक्षेपणम् pratikṣēpaṇam प्रतिक्षेपः प्रतिक्षेपणम् 1 Not acknowledging, rejection. -2 Opposing, controverting, contradiction. -3 Contest. | | | pratigarhita | प्रतिगर्हित p. p. Blamed, reviled. | | | pratilambhaḥ | प्रतिलम्भः 1 Getting, obtaining, receiving. -2 Censure, abuse, reviling; अन्यतः कथमदः प्रतिलम्भः N. | | | preta | प्रेत p. p. [प्र-इ-क्त] Departed from this world, dead, deceased; स्वजनाश्रु किलातिसंततं दहति प्रेतमिति प्रचक्षते R.8.86. -तः 1 The departed spirit, the spirit before obsequial rites are performed. -2 A ghost, evil spirit; प्रेतान् भूतगणांश्चान्ये यजन्ते तामसा जनाः Bg.17.4; Ms.12.71. -3 The inhabitant of hell (नारक); शुश्रुवुर्दारुणा वाचः प्रेतानामिव भारत Mb.6.46.19. -4 The manes (पितर); प्रथिता प्रेतकृत्यैषा पित्र्यं नाम विधुक्षये । तस्मिन् युक्तस्यैति नित्यं प्रेतकृत्यैव लौकिकी ॥ Ms.3.127. -Comp. -अधिपः an epithet of Yama. -अन्नम् food offered to the manes. -अयनः N. of a particular hell. -अस्थि n. the bone of a dead man. ˚धारिन् an epithet of Śiva. -आवासः a burialground, cemetery. -ईशः, -ईश्वरः an epithet of Yama. -उद्देशः an offering to the manes. -कर्मन् n., -कृत्यम्, -कृत्या obsequial or funeral rites; Ms.3.127. -कायः a corpse. -कार्यम् see प्रेतकर्मन्; तस्य स प्रेतकार्याणि कृत्वा सर्वाणि भारत Mb.3.138.7. -गत a. dead. -गृहम् a cemetery. -गोपः the keeper of the dead. -चारिन् m. an epithet of Śiva. -दाहः the burning of the dead, cremation. -धूमः the smoke issuing from a funeral pile. -नदी the river वैतरिणी. -नरः a goblin, ghost. -निर्यातकः, -निर्हारकः a man employed to carry dead bodies; प्रेतनिर्यातकश्चैव वर्जनीयाः प्रयत्नतः Ms.3.166. -पक्षः 'the fortnight of the manes', N. of the dark half of Bhādrapada when offerings in honour of the manes are usually performed; cf. पितृपक्ष. -पटहः a drum beaten at a funeral. -पतिः Yama (the Indian 'Pluto'). -पात्रम् a vessel used in a Śrāddha ceremony. -पुरम् the city of Yama. -भावः death. -भूमिः f. a cemetery. -मेधः a funeral sacrifice. -राक्षसी the holy basil (तुलसी). -राजः an epithet of Yama. -लोकः the world of the dead; प्रेत- लोकं परित्यज्य आगता ये महालये Ulkādānamantra. -वनम् a cemetery. -वाहित a. possessed by a ghost. -शरीरम् the body of the departed spirit. -शुद्धिः f., -शौचम् purification after the death of a relative. -श्राद्धम् an obsequial offering made to a departed ralative during the year of his death. -हारः 1 one who carries a dead body. -2 a near relative. | | | babhru | बभ्रु a. [भृ-कु द्वित्वम्; बभ्र्-उ वा Uṇ.1.21] 1 Deepbrown, tawny, reddish-brown; ज्वालाबभ्रुशिरोरुहः R.15. 16;19.25; बबन्ध बालारुणबभ्रु वल्कलम् Ku.5.8. -2 Baldheaded through disease. -भ्रुः 1 Fire. -2 An ichneumon; सखिभिर्न्यवसत् सार्धं व्याघ्राखुवृकबभ्रुभिः Mb.1.14.27. -3 The tawny colour. -4 A man with tawny hair. -5 N. of a Yādava; आलप्यालमिदं बभ्रोर्यत् स दारानपाहरत् Śi.2.1. -6 An epithet of Śiva. -7 Of Viṣṇu. -8 The Chātaka bird. -9 A sweeper, cleaner. -1 N. of a country. -n. 1 A tawny or brown colour. -2 Any object of a brown colour. -भ्रूः f. A reddish-brown cow (कपिला); अजानन्नहनद्बभ्रोः शिरः शार्दूलशङ्कया Bhāg.9.2.6. -Comp. -धातुः 1 gold. -2 red chalk (गौरिक), a kind of ochre. -वाहनः N. of a son of Arjuna by Chitrāṅgadā. [The sacrificial horse let loose by king Yudhiṣṭhira and guarded by Arjuna entered, in the course of its wanderings, the country of Maṇipura, which was then ruled by Babhruvāhana, unequalled in prowess. The horse was taken to the king; but when he read the writing on the plate on its head, he knew that it belonged to the Pāṇḍavas, and that his father Arjuna had arrived in the kingdom; and, hastening to him, respectfully offered his kingdom and his treasures along with the horse. Arjuna, in an evil hour, struck the head of Babhruvāhana and upbraided him for his cowardice saying that if he had possessed true valour and had been his true son, he should not have been afraid of his father and submitted to him so meekly. At these words the brave youth was exceedingly irritated and discharged a crescent-shaped arrow at Arjuna which severed his head from his body. He was, however, restored to life by Ulūpī who happened to be then with Chitrāṅgadā; and having acknowledged Babhruvāhana as his true son, he resumed his journey.] | | | bahis | बहिस् ind. 1 Out of, outside (with abl.); निवस- न्नावसथे पुराद्बहिः R.8.14;11.29. -2 on the outside, out of doors (opp. अन्तः); बहिर्गच्छ -3 Externally, outwardly; अन्तर्बहिः पुरत एव विवर्तमानाम् Māl.1.4,14; H. 1.94 -4 Apart, separately. -5 Beside, except. -Comp. -अङ्ग a. outer, external. (-गम्) 1 an external part. -2 an outer limb. -3 property. -4 a stranger. -5 the preliminary part of a religious ceremony. -6 What is remotely related or connected; अन्तरङ्गबहिरङ्गयोरन्तरङ्गं बलीयः ŚB. on MS.12.2.29. -अर्थः an external object. -इन्द्रियम् an external organ or sense, an organ of action. -उपाधिः an external condition or circumstance; न खलु बहिरुपाधीन् प्रीतयः संश्रयन्ते Māl.1.24. -कुटीचरः a crab. -गीतम् a song accompanied by a stringed instrument. -गेहम् ind. out of doors, abroad. -चर a. outer, external, outward; बहिश्चराः प्राणाः Dk. (-रः) a crab. -तपस् n. outward penance. -दृश् a. superficial (in judgment). -देशः 1 a foreign country. -2 the outskirts of a village. -3 a place without a town or village. -द्वारम् an outer door. ˚प्रकोष्ठकम् a portico. -निःसारणम् expulsion. -पवमानम् a Sāma in the Somayāga; ते ह यथैवेदं बहिष्पवमानेन स्तोष्यमाणाः संरब्धाः Ch. Up.1.12.4. -प्रज्ञ a. one whose knowledge is directed towards external objects; बहिष्प्रज्ञो विभुर्विश्वो ह्यन्तः प्रज्ञस्तु तैजसः Āgama.1. -प्राणः 1 the external or outer breath or life; (hence) anything as dear as life. -2 money; Bhāg.5.14.5. -भव a. external. -भवनम् emanation. -भूत a. 1 expelled. -2 expired (time &c.). -3 inattentive, careless. -मनस् a. being outside the mind; external. -मनस्क a. out of mind. -मुख a. 1 turning one's face away from. -2 averse from, indifferent to. -3 greatly devoted to external things. -4 coming out of the mouth. (-खः) a god or deity. -यात्रा, -यानम् excursion, expedition abroad. -यूति a. placed or fastened outside. -योगः 1 external meditation. -लम्ब a. obtuse-angled. (-म्बः) an obtuseangled triangle. -लापिका a kind of enigma. -वर्तिन् a. being on the outside. -वासस् n. an outer or upper garment. -विकारः syphilis. -a. ind. free from change; बहिर्विकारं प्रकृतेः पृथग् विदुः Śi.1.33. -वृत्तिः f. an external aspect or appearance; अन्तर्विषमया ह्येता बहिर्वृत्त्या मनोरमाः । गुञ्जाफलसमाकाराः स्वभावादेव योषितः ॥ Pt.4.87. -व्यसनम् licentiousness, immorality, evil or lewd practices -व्यसनिन् a. dissolute, lewd. -संस्थ a. lying or situated outside (the town). -स्थ, -स्थित a. external, outer. | | | bahu | बहु a. (हु or ही f.; compar. भूयस्; super. भूयिष्ठ) 1 Much, plentiful, abundant, great; तस्मिन् बहु एतदपि Ś.4. 'even this was much for him' (was too much to be expected of him); बहु प्रष्टव्यमत्र Mu.3; अल्पस्य हेतोर्बहु हातुमिच्छन् R.2.47. -2 Many, numerous; as in बह्वक्षर, बहुप्रकार. -2 Frequented, repeated. -4 Large, great. -5 Abounding or rich in (as first member of comp.); बहुकण्टको देशः &c. ind. 1 Much, abundantly, very much, exceedingly, greatly, in a high degree. -2 Somewhat, nearly, almost; as in बहुतृण. (किं बहुन 'why say much', 'in short'; बहु मन् to think or esteem highly, rate high, prize, value; त्वत्संभावितमात्मानं बहु मन्यामहे वयम् Ku.6.2; ययातेरिव शर्मिष्ठा भर्तुर्बहुमता भव Ś.4.7;7. 1; R.12.89; येषां च त्वं बहुमतो भूत्वा यास्यसि लाघवम् Bg.2. 35; Bk.3.53;5.84;8.12.) -Comp. -अक्षर a. having many syllables, polysyllabic (as a word). -अच्, -अच्क a. having many vowels, polysyllabic. -अनर्थ a. fraught with many evils. -अप्, -अप a. watery. -अपत्य a. 1 having a numerous progeny. -2 (in astrol.) promising a numerous progeny. (-त्यः) 1 a hog. -2 a mouse, rat. (-त्या) a cow that has often calved. -अपाय a. exposed to many risks; स्वगृहो- द्यानगते$पि स्निग्धैः पापं विशङ्क्यते मोहात् । किमु दुष्टबह्वपायप्रतिभय- कान्तारमध्यस्थे ॥ Pt.2.166. -अर्थ a. 1 having many senses. -2 having many objects. -3 important. -आशिन् a. voracious, gluttonous, बह्वाशी स्वल्पसन्तुष्टः सुनिद्रो लघुचेतनः । प्रभुभक्तश्च शूरश्च ज्ञातव्याः षट् शुनो गुणाः ॥ Chāṇakya. -m. N. of a son of Dhṛitarāṣṭra. -उदकः a kind of mendicant who lives in a strange town and maintains himself with alms got by begging from door to door; cf. कुटीचक. -उपयुक्त a. made to serve a manifold purpose; बहूप- युक्ता च बुद्धिः Dk.2.4. -उपाय a. effective. -ऋच् a. having many verses. (-f.) a term applied to the Ṛigveda. -ऋच a. having many verses. (-चः) one conversant with the Ṛigveda. (-ची) The wife of one who studies the Ṛigveda. Hence ˚ब्राह्मणम् means the Aitareya Brāhmaṇa which belongs to the Ṛigveda; बह्वृचब्राह्मणे श्रूयते ŚB. on MS.6.3.1. -एनस् a. very sinful. -कर a. 1 doing much, busy, industrious. -2 useful in many ways. (-रः) 1 a sweeper, cleaner. -2 a camel. -3 the sun; बहुकरकृतात् प्रातःसंमार्जनात् N.19.13. (-री) a broom. -कारम् abundance; बहुकारं च सस्यानाम् Mb.12.193.21. -कालम् ind. for a long time. -कालीन a. of a long standing, old, ancient. -कूर्चः a kind of cocoa-nut tree. -क्रमः a Krama of more than three words; cf. क्रम. -क्षम a. patient; अतो$त्र किंचिद्भवतीं बहुक्षमां द्विजाति- भावादुपपन्नचापलः Ku.5.4. (-मः) 1 a Buddha. -2 a Jaina deified saint. -क्षारम् Soap; Nigh. Ratn. (-रः) a kind of alkali. -क्षीरा a cow giving much milk. -गन्ध a. strong-scented. (-न्धम्) cinnamon. -गन्धदा musk. -गन्धा 1 the Yūthikā creeper. -2 a bud of the Champaka tree. -गुण a. having many threads or qualities. -गुरुः one who has read much but superficially; sciolist. -गोत्रज a. having many blood relations. -ग्रन्थिः Tamarix Indica (Mar. वेळु ?). -च्छल a. deceitful. -छिन्ना a species of Cocculus (Mar. गुळवेल). -जनः a great multitude of people. ˚हितम् the common weal. -जल्प a. garrulous, talkative, loquacious. -ज्ञ a. knowing much, well informed, possessed of great knowledge. -तन्त्रीक a. many-stringed (as a musical instrument). -तृणम् anything much like grass; (hence) what is unimportant or contemptible; निदर्शनम- साराणां लघुर्बहुतृणं नरः Śi.2.5; N.22.137. -2 abounding in grass. -त्वक्कः, -त्वच् m. a kind of birch tree. -द a. liberal, generous. -दक्षिण a. 1 attended with many gifts or donations. -2 liberal, munificent. -दर्शक, -दर्शिन् a. prudent, circumspect; कृत्येषु वाली मेधावी राजानो बहुदर्शिनः Rām.4.2.23. -दायिन् a. liberal, munificent, a liberal donor; Ch. Up. -दुग्ध a. yielding much milk. (-ग्धः) wheat. (-ग्धा) a cow yielding much milk. -दृश्वन् a. greatly experienced, a great observer. -दृष्ट a. very experienced. -दोष a. 1 having many faults or defects, very wicked or sinful. -2 full of crimes of dangers; बहुदोषा हि शर्वरी Mk.1.58. -दोहना yielding much milk. -धन a. very rich, wealthy. -धारम् 1 the thunderbolt of Indra. -2 a diamond. -धेनुकम् a great number of milch-cows. -नाडिकः the body. -नाडीकः 1 day. -2 pillar; L. D. B. -नादः a conch-shell. -पत्नीकता polygamy. -पत्रः an onion. (-त्रम्) talc. (-त्री) the holy basil. -पद्, -पाद्, -पाद m. the fig-tree. -पुष्पः 1 the coral tree. -2 the Nimba tree. -पर्वन् m. (see -ग्रन्थिः). -प्रकार a. of many kinds, various, manifold. (-रम्) ind. in many ways, manifoldly. -प्रकृति a. consisting of many primary parts or verbal elements (as a compound). -प्रज a. having many children, prolific. (-जः) 1 a hog. -2 the munja grass. -प्रज्ञ a. very wise. -प्रतिज्ञ a. 1 comprising many statements or assertions, complicated. -2 (in law) involving many counts, as a plaint; बहुप्रतिज्ञं यत् कार्यं व्यवहारेषु निश्चितम् । कामं तदपि गृह्णीयाद् राजा तत्त्वबुभुत्सया Mitā. -प्रत्यर्थिक a. having many opponents. -प्रत्यवाय a. connected with many difficulties. -प्रद a. exceedingly liberal, a munificent donor. -प्रपञ्च a. very diffuse or prolix. -प्रसूः the mother of many children. -प्रेयसी a. having many loved ones. -फल a. rich in fruits. (-लः) the Kadamba tree. (-ली) the opposite-leaved fig-tree. -बलः a lion. -बीजम् the fruit of Anona Reticulata (Mar. सीताफल). (-जा) a kind of Musa (Mar. रानकेळ). -बोलक a. a great talker; Buddh. -भाग्य a. very lucky or fortunate. -भाषिन् a. garrulous, talkative. -भाष्यम् talkativeness, garrulity; उत्थानेन जयेत्तन्द्री वितर्कं निश्चयाज्जयेत् । मौनेन बहुभाष्यं च शौर्येण च भयं त्यजेत् ॥ Mb.12.274.11. -भुजा an epithet of Durgā. -भूमिक a. having many floors or stories. -भोग्या a prostitute. -भोजिन् a. voracious. -मञ्जरी the holy basil. -मत a. 1 highly esteemed or prized, valued, respected; येषां च त्वं बहुमतो भूत्वा यास्यसि लाघवम् Bg.2.35. -2 having many different opinions. -मतिः f. great value or estimation; कान्तानां बहुमतिमाययुः पयोदाः Ki.7. 15. -मध्यग a. belonging to many; न निर्हारं स्त्रियः कुर्युः कुटुम्बाद्बहुमध्यगात् Ms.9.199. -मलम् lead. -मानः great respect or regard, high esteem; पुरुषबहुमानो विगलितः Bh.3.9; वर्तमानकवेः कालिदासस्य क्रियायां कथं परिषदो बहुमानः M.1; V.1.2; Ku.5.31. (-नम्) a gift given by a superior to an inferior. -मान्य a. respectable, esteemable; Kull. on Ms.2.117. -माय a. artful, deceitful. treacherous; परदेशभयाद्भीता बहुमाया नपुंसकाः । स्वदेशे निधनं यान्ति Pt.1.321. -मार्गः a place where many roads meet. -मार्गगा 1 N. of the river Ganges; तद्युक्तं बहुमार्गगां मम पुरो निर्लज्ज वोढुस्तव Ratn.1.3. -2 a wanton or unchaste woman. -मार्गी a place where several roads meet. -मुख a. 1 much, excessive; अस्या भर्तुर्बहुमुखमनुरागम् Ś.6. -2 Speaking variously. -मूत्र a. suffering from diabetes. -मूर्ति a. multiform, variously shaped. (-र्तिः f.) the wild cotton-shrub. -मूर्धन् m. an epithet of Viṣṇu. -मूला Asparagus Racemosus (शतावरी). -मूल्य a. costly, high-priced. (-ल्यम्) a large sum of money, heavy or costly price. -मृग a. abounding in deer. -रजस् a. very dusty. -रत्न a. rich in jewels. -रस a. juicy, succulent. (-सः) sugar-cane. -राशि a. (in arith.) consisting of many terms. (-शिः) m. a series of many terms. -रूप a. 1 many-formed, multiform, manifold. -2 variegated, spotted, chequered; वैश्वदेवं बहुरूपं हि राजन् Mb.14.1.3. (-पः) 1 a lizard, chameleon. -2 hair. -3 the sun. -4 N. of Śiva. -5 of Viṣṇu. -6 of Brahmā. -7 of the god of love. -रूपक a. multiform, manifold. -रेतस् m. an epithet of Brahmā. -रोमन् a. hairy. shaggy. (-m.) a sheep. -लवणम् a soil impregnated with salt. -वचनम् the plural number (in gram.); द्व्यैकयोर्द्विवचनैकवचने, बहुषु बहुवचनम्. -वर्ण a. many-coloured. -वादिन् a. garrulous. -वारम् ind. many times, often. -वारः, -वारकः Cordia Myxa (Mar. भोकर). -वार्षिक a. lasting for many years. -विक्रम a. very powerful, heroic, a great warrior. -विघ्न a. presenting many difficulties, attended with many dangers. -विध a. of many kinds, manifold, diverse. -वी(बी)जम् the custard apple. -वीर्य a. very powerful or efficacious. (-र्यः) N. of various plants (such as Terminalia Bellerica, Mar. बेहडा). -व्ययिन् a. lavish, prodigal, spendthrift. -व्यापिन् a. far-spreading, wide. -व्रीहि a. possessing much rice; तत्पुरुष कर्मधारय येनाहं स्यां बहुव्रीहिः Udb. (where it is also the name of the compound). (-हिः) one of the four principal kinds of compounds in Sanskrit. In it, two or more nouns in apposition to each other are compouded, the attributive member (whether a noun or an adjective) being placed first, and made to qualify another substantive, and neither of the two members separately, but the sense of the whole compound, qualifies that substantive; cf. अन्य- पदार्थप्रधानो बहुव्रीहिः. This compound is adjectival in character, but there are several instances of Bahuvrīhi compounds which have come to be regarded and used as nouns (their application being restricted by usage to particular individuals); i. e. चक्रपाणि, शशिशेखर, पीताम्बर, चतुर्मुख, त्रिनेत्र, कुसुमशर &c. -शत्रुः a sparrow. -शल्यः a species of Khadira. -शस्त a. very good, right or happy. -शाख a. having many branches or ramifications. -शिख a. having many points. -शृङ्गः an epithet of Viṣṇu. -श्रुत a. 1 well-informed, very learned तस्मिन् पुरवरे हृष्टा धर्मात्मानो बहुश्रुताः Rām. H.1.1; Pt.2. 1; R.15.36. -2 well-versed in the Vedas; गुरुं वा बाल- वृद्धौ वा ब्राह्मणं वा बहुश्रुतम् । आततायिनमायान्तं हन्यादेवाविचारयन् ॥ Ms.8.35. (-तिः) the occurrence of the plural in a text. -संख्याक a. numerous. -सत्त्व a. abounding in animals. -संतति a. having a numerous progeny. (-तिः) a kind of bamboo. -सार a. possessed of great pith or essence, substantial. (-रः) the Khadira tree. -साहस्र a. amounting to many thousands. -सूः 1 a mother of many children. -2 a cow. -सूतिः f. 1 a mother of many children. -2 a cow that often calves. -स्वन a. vociferous. (-नः) an owl. -स्वामिक a. owned by many. | | | baiḍāla | बैडाल a. (-ली f.) [बिडालस्येदम् अण्] 1 Relating to a cat. -2 Peculiar to cats. -Comp. -व्रतम् 'a cat-like observance,' concealing one's malice or evil designs under the garb of piety or virtue. -व्रतिः one who leads a chaste life simply from want of female company (and not because he has controlled his senses). -व्रतिकः, -व्रतिन् m. a religious hypocrite, an impostor; बैडालव्रतिकाञ्छठान् ...... वाङ्मात्रेणापि नार्चयेत् Ms.4.3. | | | brāhmaṇa | ब्राह्मण a. (-णी f.) [ब्रह्म वेदं शुद्धं चैतन्यं वा वेत्त्वधीते वा अण्] 1 Belonging to a Brāhmaṇa. -2 Befitting a Brāhmaṇa. -3 Given by a Brāhmaṇa. -4 Relating to religious worship. -5 one who knows Brahma. -णः 1 A man belonging to the first of the four original castes of the Hindus, a Brāhmaṇa (born from the mouth of the puruṣa); ब्राह्मणो$स्य मुखमासीत् Rv.1.9. 12; Ms.1.31,96; (जन्मना ब्राह्मणो ज्ञेयः संस्कारैर्द्विज उच्यते । विद्यया याति विप्रत्वं त्रिभिः श्रोत्रिय उच्यते ॥ or जात्या कुलेन वृत्तेन स्वाध्यायेन श्रुतेन च । एभिर्युक्तो हि यस्तिष्ठेन्नित्यं स द्विज उच्यते ॥). -2 A priest, theologian. -3 An epithet of Agni. -4 N. of the twentyeighth Nakṣatra. -णम् 1 An assemblage or society of Brāhmaṇas. -2 That portion of the Veda which states rules for the employment of the hymns at the various sacrifices, their origin and detailed explanation, with sometimes lengthy illustrations in the shape of legends or stories. It is distinct from the Mantra portion of the Veda. -3 N. of that class of the Vedic works which contain the Brāhmaṇa portion (regarded as Śruti or part of the revelation like the hymns themselves). Each of the four Vedas has its own Brāhmaṇa or Brāhmaṇas :-ऐतरेय or आश्व- लायन and कौषीतकी or सांख्यायन belonging to the Ṛigveda; शतपथ to the Yajurveda, पञ्चविंश and षड्विंश and six more to the Sāmaveda, and गोपथ to the Atharvaveda. -4 The Soma vessel of the Brahman priest. -Comp. -अतिक्रमः offensive or disrespectful conduct towards Brāhmaṇas, insult to Brāhmaṇas; ब्राह्मणातिक्रमत्यागो भवता- मेव भूतये Mv.2.1. -अगर्शनम् absence of Brahmanical instruction or guidance; वृषलत्वं गता लोके ब्राह्मणादर्शनेन च Ms.1.43. -अपाश्रयः seeking shelter with Brāhmaṇas. -अभ्युपपत्तिः f. protection or preservation of, or kindness shown to, a Brāhmaṇa; ब्राह्मणाभ्युपपत्तौ च शपथे नास्ति पातकम् Ms.8.112. -आत्मक a. belonging to Brāhmaṇas. -घ्नः the slayer of a Brāhmaṇa; स्त्रीबाल- ब्राह्मणघ्नांश्च हन्याद् द्विट्सेविनस्तथा Ms.9.232. -चाण्डालः 1 a degraded or outcast Brāhmaṇa; यथा ब्राह्मणचाण्डालः पूर्व- दृष्टस्तथैव सः Ms.9.87. -2 the son of a Śūdra father by a Brāhmaṇa woman. -जातम्, -जातिः f. the Brāhmaṇa caste. -जीविका the occupation or means of livelihood prescribed for a Brāhmaṇa; अध्यापनमध्ययनं यजनं याजनं तथा । दानं प्रतिग्रहश्चैव षट्कर्माण्यग्रजन्मनः ॥ षण्णां तु कर्मणामस्य त्रीणि कर्माणि जीविका । याजनाध्यापने चैव विशुद्धाच्च प्रतिग्रहः ॥. -द्रव्यम्, -स्वम् a Brāhmaṇa's property. -निन्दकः a blasphemer or reviler of Brāhmaṇas. -प्रसंगः the applicability of the term Brāhmaṇa. -प्रातिवेश्यः a neighbouring Brāhmaṇa; ब्राह्मणप्रातिवेश्यानामेतदेवानिमन्त्रणे Y.2.263. -प्रियः N. of Viṣṇu. -ब्रुवः one who pretends to be a Brāhmaṇa, one who is a Brāhmaṇa only in name and neglects the duties of his caste; बहवो ब्राह्मणब्रुवा निवसन्ति Dk.; सममब्राह्मणे दानं द्विगुणं ब्राह्मणब्रुवे Ms.7.85;8.2. -भावः the rank or condition of a Brāhmaṇa. -भूयिष्ठ a. consisting for the most part of Brāhmaṇas. -यष्टिका, -यष्टी Clerodendrum Siphonantus (Mar. भारंग). -वधः the murder of a Brāhmaṇa, Brahmanicide. -वाचनम् the recitation of benedictions. -संतर्पणम् feeding or satisfying Brāhmaṇas. | | | bharts | भर्त्स् 1 Ā. (भर्त्सयते; P. also sometimes) 1 To menace, threaten. -2 To revile, reproach, abuse. -3 To deride. | | | bhartsakaḥ | भर्त्सकः [भर्त्स्-ण्वुल्] A threatener, reviler. भर्त्सनम् bhartsanam भर्त्सना bhartsanā भर्त्सनम् भर्त्सना [भर्त्स् ल्युट्] 1 Threatening, reviling. -2 A threat, menace. -3 Reproach, abuse. -4 A curse. | | | bhartsita | भर्त्सित p. p. Reviled, reproached, abused. -तम् Reviling &c. See भर्त्सन. | | | bhaṣ | भष् 1 P. (भषति) 1 To bark, growl, bark at; नैषादिं श्वा समालक्ष्य भषंस्तस्थौ तदन्तिके Mb.1.132.39. -2 To abuse, reproach, revile, rail at. | | | bhas | भस् I. 3 P. (बभस्ति) 1 To shine. -2 To revile, blame, abuse. -II. 1 P. (भसति) To eat. | | | bhinna | भिन्न p. p. [भिद्-क्त] 1 Broken, torn, split, rent; संछिन्नभिन्नसर्वाङ्गाः सर्त्विक्सभ्या भयाकुलाः । स्वयंभुवे नमस्कृत्य Bhāg. 4.6.2. -2 Divided, separated. -3 Detached, disunited, disjoined; scattered; भिन्नं च वानरानीकम् Rām.6.67.8. -4 Expanded, blown, opened; भिन्नैलासुरभिमुवाह गन्धवाहः Ki.7.38. -5 Different from, other than (with abl.); तस्मादयं भिन्नः. -6 Different, varied; भिन्नरुचिर्हि लोकः R.6. 3. -7 Loosened. -8 Mingled, mixed, blended; एकत्र स्फटिकतटांशुभिन्ननीरा नीलाश्मद्युतिभिदुराम्भसो$परत्र Śi.4.26. -9 Deviating from. -1 Changed. -11 Furious; दुरुक्तैर्भिन्न- मात्मानं यः समाधातुमीश्वरः Bhāg.11.23.2. -12 Without, deprived of. -13 Undutiful, vicious; भिन्नवृत्तिता Ms.12. 33; नैतत् खलायोपदिशेत् ...... न भिन्नाय Bhāg.3.32.39. -14 Stood up (as hair); खरोष्ट्राश्वतरा राजन् भिन्नरोमाः स्रवन्ति च Rām.6.1.18. -15 Seduced, bribed; H. (See भिद्). -न्नः 1 A defect or flaw in a gem. -न्नम् 1 A bit, fragment, part. -2 A blossom. -3 A wound, stab; शक्तिकुन्तेषुखड्गाग्रविषाणैराशयो हतः । यत् किंचित् प्रसवेत् तद्धि भिन्न- मित्यभिधीयते Bhāva. P. -4 A fraction. -Comp. -अञ्जनम् a kind of mixed collyrium, made of many pounded ingredients; प्रयान्ति ...... भिन्नाञ्जनवर्णतां घनाः Śi.12.68; Me.61; Ṛs.3.5. -अर्थ a. clear, evident, intelligible; स्फुटभिन्नार्थमुदाहरद् वचः Śi.16.1. (-र्थम्) ind. clearly, distinctly, unenigmatically; न खल्ववगच्छामि भिन्नार्थमभि- धीयताम् Ś.2. -उदरः 'born of a different womb or mother', a half-brother. -कट a. furious, in rut; भेजे भिन्नकटै- र्नागैरन्यानुपरुरोध यैः R.4.83. -करटः an elephant in rut (from whose temples ichor exudes). -कर्ण a. having divided ears (said of particular animals); P.VI.3. 115. -कुम्भः a person who has regained his liberty by redeeming his pledge. -कूट a. 1 deprived of a leader (as an army). -2 employing a different stratagem. -क्रम a. out of order, disordered. -गति a. 1 going with broken steps. -2 going quickly. -गर्भ a. broken up (in the centre), disorganized. -गात्रिका Cucumis Usitatissimus (Mar. चिबूड). -गुणनम् multiplication of fractions; अंशाहतिश्छेदवधेन भक्ता लब्धं विभिन्ने गुणने फलं स्यात् Līlā. -घनः the cube of a fraction. -दर्शिन् a. making or seeing a difference, partial. -देश a. belonging to different places; कृत्ययोर्भिन्नेदशत्वाद् द्वैधीभवति मे मनः । Ś.2.18. -देह a. wounded. -नौ a. ship-wrecked. -परिकर्मन् n. any one of the arithmetical operations with fractions. -प्रकार a. of a different kind or sort. -भागहरः division of fractions. -भाजनम् a potsherd. -मन्त्र a. one who has betrayed a plan; Rām. -मर्मन् a. wounded in vital parts, mortally wounded. -मर्याद a. 1 one who has transgressed the due limits, disrespectful; आः, तातापवादभिन्नमर्याद U.5. -2 unrestrained, uncontrolled. -रुचि a. having different tastes; भिन्नरुचिर्हि लोकः R.6.3. -लिङ्गम्, -वचनम् incongruity of gender or number in a composition; see K.P.1. -वर्गः the square of a fraction. -वर्चस्, वर्चस्क a. voiding excrement. -वर्ण a. 1 discoloured, pale. -2 of a different caste or tribe. -वृत्त a. 1 leading a bad life, abandoned. -2 containing a metrical fault. -वृत्ति a. 1 leading a bad life, following evil courses; तदन्तःपुरेषु चामी भिन्नवृत्तेषु मन्दत्रासा बहुसुखैरवर्तन्त Dk.2.8. -2 having different feelings or tastes or emotions. -3 having different occupations. -व्यवकलितम् subtraction of fractions. -संहति a. disunited, dissolved. -संकलनम्, -संकलितम् addition of fractions. -स्वर a. 1 having a changed voice, faltering. -2 discordant. -हृतिः f. division of fractions. -हृदय a. pierced through the heart; बाणभिन्नहृदया निपेतुषी R.11.19. | | | bhūta | भूत p. p. [भू-क्त] 1 Become, being, existing. -2 Produced, formed. -3 Actually being, really happened, true; भूताश्चार्था विरुद्ध्यन्ति देशकालविरोधिताः Rām.5.3.37. -4 Right, proper, fit; अभूतेनापवादेन कीर्तीं निपतितामिव Rām. 5.15.34; भूतार्थव्याहृतिः सा हि न स्तुतिः परमेष्ठिनः R.1.33. -5 Past, gone. -6 Obtained. -7 Mixed or joined with. -8 Being like, similar, (see भू); मग्नां द्विषच्छद्मनि पङ्कभूते Ki.3.39. -तः 1 A son, child. -2 An epithet of Śiva. -3 The fourteenth day of the dark half of a lunar month (also भूता). -4 A great devotee. -5 N. of a priest of the gods. -6 The dark fortnight of a month (कृष्णपक्ष). -7 see भूतगण. -तम् 1 Any being (human, divine or even inanimate); इत्थं रतेः किमपि भूतमदृश्यरूपं मन्दीचकार मरणव्यवसायबुद्धिम् Ku.4.45; Pt.2. 87. -2 A living being, an animal, a creature; क्षरः सर्वाणि भूतानि कूटस्थो$क्षर उच्यते Bg.15.16; भूतेषु किं च करुणां बहुली- करोति Bv.1.122; U.4.6. -3 A spirit, ghost, an imp, a devil (m. also in these senses); ततो रक्षां महातेजः कुरु भूतविनाशिनीम् Rām.7.66.3. -4 An element; (they are five, i. e. पृथ्वी, अप्, तेजस्, वायु, and आकाश); तं वेधा विदधे नूनं महाभूतसमाधिना R.1.29. -5 An actual occurrence, a fact, a matter of fact. -6 The past, past time. -7 The world. -8 Well-being, welfare. -9 A symbolical ｅxpression for the number 'five'. -1 Fitness, propriety. -Comp. -अनुकम्पा compassion for all beings; भूतानुकम्पा तव चेत् R.2.48. -अनुवादः a mention of established facts, a variety of अर्थवाद (q. v.); भूतानुवादमात्रमनर्थकम् ŚB. on MS.1.2.4. -अन्तकः the god of death, Yama. -अभिषङ्गः possession by evil spirits. -अरिः Asa Fœtida. -अर्थः 1 the fact, real fact, true state, truth, reality; आर्ये कथयामि ते भूतार्थम् Ś.1; भूतार्थशोभाह्नियमाणनेत्रा Ku.7.13; कः श्रद्धास्यति भूतार्थं सर्वो मां तुलयिष्यति Mk.3.24. -2 an element of life. ˚कथनम्, ˚व्याहृतिः f. a statement of facts; भूतार्थव्याहृतिः सा हि न स्तुतिः परमेष्ठिनः R.1.33. -अवमानिन् m. despiser of all; भूतावमानी हैहयश्चार्जुनः Kau. A.1.6. -आत्मक a. consisting or composed of the elements. -आत्मन् 1 one whose soul is purified. -2 composed of the five elements (as the body); cf. Ms.12.12. (-m.) 1 the individual (as opposed to the Supreme Soul); विद्यातपोभ्यां भूतात्मा बुद्धिर्ज्ञानेन शुद्ध्यति Ms.5.19; विधमिष्यति ते देहे भूतात्मानं चिरोषितम् Rām.6.59. 55. -2 an epithet of Brahman. -3 of Śiva. -4 of Viṣṇu; भूतात्मा भूतभावनः V. Sah. -5 an elementary substance. -6 the body. -7 war, conflict. -8 the elementary or vital principle. -9 a soul which clings to the elements, a carnal mind; भूतात्मनस्तपोविद्ये बुद्धेर्ज्ञानं विशोधनम् Y.3.34. -आदिः 1 the Supreme Spirit. -2 an epithet of Ahaṁkāra (in Sāṅkhya phil.). -आर्त a. possessed by a devil. -आवासः 1 the body. -2 an epithet of &Scute;iva. -3 of Viṣṇu; वसन्ति त्वयि भूतानि भूतावासस्ततो हरिः Hariv. -आविष्ट a. possessed by a devil or evil spirit. -आवेशः demoniac possession. -इज्यम्, -इज्या making oblations to the Bhūtas. -इन्द्रियजयिन् m. a kind of ascetic. -इष्टा the fourteenth day of a lunar fortnight. -ईशः 1 an epithet of Brahman. -2 of Viṣṇu. -3 of Śiva; भूतेशस्य भुजङ्गवल्लिवलयस्रङ्नद्धजूटा जटाः Māl.1.2; भूतेशप्रीति- हेतोः Udb. -ईश्वरः an epithet of Śiva; भूयः स भूतेश्वर- पार्श्ववर्ती R.2.46. -उन्मादः demoniac possession. -उपदेशः a reference to past things or such as already exist. -उपसृष्ट, -उपहत a. possessed by a devil. -ओदनः a dish of rice (eaten to counteract the influence of demons). -कर्तृ, -कृत् m. an epithet of Brahman; सर्वलोकप्रभुर्ब्रह्मा भूतकर्तृ तथर्षयः Rām.2.25.25; ततस्थानाह भूत- कृत् 7.4.12. -कला f. a power which produces the five elements; धरादिपञ्चभूतानां निवृत्त्याद्याः कलाः स्मृताः Śāradātilakam. -कालः 1 past time. -2 (in gram.) the past or preterite time. -केशी the holy basil. -कोटिः absolute non-entity; Bhddh. -क्रान्तिः f. possession by a devil. -गणः 1 the collection of created beings. -2 the whole class of spirits or devils; प्रेतान् भूतागणांश्चान्ये यजन्ते तामसा जनाः Bg.17.4. -गत्या truthfully; तदखिलमिह भूतं भूतगत्या ...... अभिलषति स्म N.9.159. -गुणः a quality of the elements; शब्दस्पर्शरूपरसगन्धा भूतगुणाः स्मृताः Śāradātilakam. -ग्रस्त possessed by a devil. -ग्रामः 1 the whole multitude or aggregate of living beings; U.7; भूतग्रामः स एवायं भूत्वा भूत्वा प्रलीयते Bg.8.19. -2 a multitude of spirits. -3 the body. -घ्नः 1 a kind of birch tree. -2 a camel. -3 garlic. (-घ्नी) the holy basil. -चतुर्दशी the fourteenth day of the dark half of Kārtika. -चारिन् m. an epithet of Śiva. -चिन्तकः = स्वभाववादिन् q. v.; दैवमित्यपरे विप्राः स्वभावं भूतचिन्तकाः Mb.12.232.19. -चिन्तनिकः an adherent to the doctrine that the mind or intellect is produced from material elements. -चिन्ता an enquiry into the elements, investigation into their nature. -चैतन्यम् intellectuality of matter. -जननी the mother of all beings. -जयः victory over the elements. -तन्त्रम् the doctrine of spirits. -तन्मात्रम् a subtle element. -दया compassion towards all beings, universal benevolence. -द्रुमः Cordia Latifolia (Mar. भोंकर). -द्रुह्, -ध्रुक् a. injurious, malicious. -धरा, -धात्री, -धारिणी the earth. -धात्री sleep. -नाथः an epithet of Śiva; तद् भूतनाथानुग नार्हसि त्वम् R.2.58. -नायिका an epithet of Durgā. -नाशनः 1 the marking-nut plant. -2 mustard. -3 pepper. (-नम्) 1 Asa Fœtida. -2 a bead used for rosaries (रुद्राक्ष). -निचयः the body. -पक्षः the dark fortnight. -पतिः 1 an epithet of Śiva; ध्यानास्पदं भूतपतेर्विवश Ku.3.43,74. -2 of Agni. -3 the sacred basil. -4 the sky; ज्वलसि यन्निशि भूतपतिं श्रितः N.4.55. -पत्री the holy basil. -पालः the guardian of living beings. -पूर्णिमा the day of fullmoon in the month of Āśvina. -पूर्वम् ind. formerly. a. 1 former, ancient, old; पश्यामि च जनस्थानं भूतपूर्वखरा- लयम् U.2.17. -2 deceased. -प्रकृतिः f. the origin of all beings; यामाहुः सर्वभूतप्रकृतिरिति Ś.1.1 (v. l.). -बलिः = भूतयज्ञ q. v. -ब्रह्मन् m. a low Brāhmaṇa who maintains himself with the offerings made to an idol; see देवल. -भर्तृ a. sustaining all beings; भूतभर्तृ च तज्ज्ञेयं ग्रसिष्णु प्रभविष्णु च Bg.13.16. -m. an epithet of Śiva. -भव a. existing in all beings. -भव्यम् past and future. -भावनः 1 an epithet of Brahman. -2 of Viṣṇu. -भाविन् a. 1 creating living beings. -भाषा, -भाषितम् the language of devils. -भृत् a. sustaining the elements or creatures; भूतभृन्न च भूतस्थो ममात्मा भूतभावनः Bg.9.5. -भौतिक a. consisting of the elements. -महेश्वरः an epithet of Śiva. -मातृ f. an epithet of Gaurī. -मातृका the earth. -मात्रम्, -त्रा the rudiment of an element. -मात्रा f. pl. the coarse and subtile elements; तास्वेव भूतमात्रासु प्रलीयन्ते विभागशः Ms.12.17. -यज्ञः an oblation or offering to all created beings, one of the five daily Yajñas to be performed by a householder. -योनिः the origin of all created beings. -रयाः a. a class of gods under the 5th Manu; Bhāg. -राज् m. an epithet of Śiva. -लिपिः a particular magic formula. -वर्गः the whole class of spirits. -वादिन् a. telling the real fact or truth. -वासः the Bibhītaka tree. -वाहनः an epithet of Śiva. -विक्रिया 1 epilepsy. -2 possession by a devil. -विज्ञान, -विद्या demonology (भूतविद्या); Ch. Up.7.1.2. -विनायकः a leader of evil beings; Bhāg. -विभुः a king; शाहभूविभुः Śāhendra. 2.93. -वृक्षः the Bibhītaka tree. -वेशी a white flowering Vitex Negundo (Mar. निर्गुडी). -शुद्धिः f. purification of the elements (of the body). -संसारः 1 the world of mortals. -2 the course of existence; घोरे$स्मिन् भूतसंसारे नित्यं सततयायिनि Ms.1.5. -संघः the totality of beings or of the elements. -संचारः demoniac possession. -संचारिन् m. a forest conflagration. -संप्लवः universal deluge or destruction; आभूतसंप्लवस्थानममृतत्वं हि भाषते. -समागमः the meeting of mortals; यथा काष्ठं च ... समेत्य च व्यपेयातां तद्वद् भूतसमागमः Mb.12.28.36. -सर्गः 1 the creation of the world, the class or order of created beings. -2 creation of the elements. -साक्षिन् m. 'allseeing', an eye-witness of created beings. -साधनी the earth. -सूक्ष्मम् a subtle element. -सृज् m. an epithet of Brahman; बहुधा गतां जगति भूतसृजा कमनीयतां समभिहृत्य पुरा Ki.6.42. -सृष्टिः f. 1 the illusion effected by the power of Bhūtas. -2 the whole class of Bhūtas taken collectively. -स्थानम् 1 the abode of living beings. -2 the abode of demons. -हत्या destruction of living beings. -हन्त्री a species of Dūrvā grass. -हरः bdellium. -हासः a kind of fever. | | | bhauta | भौत a. (-ती f.) [भूतानि प्राणिनो$धिकृत्य प्रवृत्तः, तानि देवता वा अस्य अण्] 1 Relating to living beings. -2 Elemental, material. -3 Demoniacal. -4 Mad, crazy. -तः 1 A worshipper of demons and spirits. -2 An attendant upon an idol (देवल). -3 one of the five daily Yajñas to be performed by a householder (also called भूतयज्ञ, q. v.); होमो दैवो बलिर्भौतो नृयज्ञो$तिथिपूजनम् Ms.3.7. -तम् A collection of evil spirits. -ती Night. -Comp. -तुल्य, -प्रिय a. imbecile, deranged, like an idiot. | | | bhautaka | भौतक a. Possessed by evil spirits. | | | bhautika | भौतिक a. (-की f.) [भूत-ठक्] 1 Belonging to created or living beings; प्रहुतो भौतिको बलिः Ms.3.74; आहंकारिकत्वश्रुतेर्न भौतिकानि Sāṅkhya S. -2 Formed of coarse elements, elemental, material; वृक्षाणां नास्ति भौतिकम् Bhāg. 12 184.9; पिण्डेष्वनास्था खलु भौतिकेषु R.2.57. -3 Relating to evil spirits. -4 Possessed by evil spirits. -कः 1 N. of Śiva. -2 A being, animal (जीव); कालस्य ते किमुत तत्कृतभौतिकानाम् Bhāg.12.8.43. -कम् 1 A pearl. -2 Anything elemental. -Comp. -मठः a monastery. -विद्या sorcery, witch-craft. | | | maṅgulam | मङ्गुलम् An evil, a sin. | | | manuḥ | मनुः [मन्-उ Uṇ.1.1] 1 N. of a celebrated personage regarded as the representative man and father of the human race (sometimes regarded as one of the divine beings). -2 Particularly, the fourteen successive progenitors or sovereigns of the earth mentioned in Ms.1.63. (The first Manu called स्वायंभुवमनु is supposed to be a sort of secondary creator, who produced the ten Prajapatis or Maharṣis and to whom the code of laws known as Manusmriti is ascribed. The seventh Manu called वैवस्वतमनु, being supposed to be born from the sun, is regarded as the progenitor of the present race of living beings and was saved from a great flood by Viṣṇu in the form of a fish; cf. मत्स्यावतार; he is also regarded as the founder of the solar race of kings who ruled at Ayodhyā; see U.6.18; R.1.11; विवस्वान् मनवे प्राह मनुरिक्ष्वाकवे$ब्रवीत् Bg.4.1. The names of the fourteen Manus in order are:-1 स्वायंभुव, 2 स्वारोचिष, 3 औत्तमि, 4 तामस, 5 रैवत, 6 चाक्षुष, 7 वैवस्वत, 8 सावर्णि, 9 दक्षसावर्णि, 1 ब्रह्मसावर्णि, 11 धर्मसावर्णि, 12 रुद्रसावर्णि, 13 रौच्य-दैवसावर्णि and 14 इंद्रसावर्णि). -3 A symbolical ｅxpression for the number 'fourteen'. -4 A man, mankind (opp. evil spirits); मनवे शासदव्रतान् Ṛv.1.13.8. -5 Thought, thinking or mental faculty (Ved.). -6 A prayer, sacred text or spell (मन्त्र); मनुं साधयतो राज्यं नाकपृष्ठमनाशके Mb.13.7.18. -7 (pl.) Mental powers; देहो$सवो$क्षा मनवो भूतमात्रा नात्मानमन्यं च विदुः परं यत् Bhāg.6.4.25. -नुः f. The wife of Manu. -Comp. -अन्तरम् the period or age of a Manu; (this period, according to Ms.1.79, comprises 4,32, human years or 1/14th day of Brahmā, the fourteen Manvantaras making up one whole day; each of these fourteen periods is supposed to be presided over by its own Manu; six such periods have already passed away; we are at present living in the seventh, and seven more are yet to come); मन्वन्तरं तु दिव्यानां युगानामेकसप्ततिः Ak. -जः a man, mankind. ˚अधिपः, ˚अधिपतिः, ˚ईश्वरः, ˚पतिः, ˚राजः a king, sovereign. ˚लोकः the world of men; i. e. the earth. -जा a woman. -जातः a man. -ज्येष्ठः a sword. -प्रणीत a. taught or expounded by Manu. -भूः a man, mankind. -राज् m. an epithet of Kubera. -श्रेष्ठः an epithet of Viṣṇu. -संहिता, -स्मृतिः the code of laws ascribed to the first Manu, the institutes of Manu. | | | malina | मलिन a. [मल अस्त्यर्थे इनन्] 1 Dirty, foul, filthy, impure, unclean, soiled, stained, sullied (fig. also); धन्यास्तदङ्गरजसा मलिनीभवन्ति Ś.7.17; किमिति मुधा मलिनं यशः कुरुध्वे Ve.3.4. -2 Black, dark (fig. also); मलिनमपि हिमांशोर्लक्ष्म लक्ष्मीं तनोति Ś.1.2; अतिमलिने कर्तव्ये भवति खलानामतीव निपुणा धीः Vās; Śi.9.18. -3 Sinful, wicked, depraved; धियो हि पुंसां मलिना भवन्ति H.1.26; मलिनाचरितं कर्म सुरभेर्नन्वसांप्रतम् Kāv.2.178. -4 Low, vile, base; लघवः प्रकटीभवन्ति मलिनाश्रयतः Śi.9.23. -5 Clouded, obscured. -नम् 1 Sin, fault, guilt. -2 Butter-milk. -3 Borax. -4 A dirty cloth; ततो मलिनसंबीतां राक्षसीभिः समावृताम् Rām.5.15.18. -ना, -नी A woman during menstruation. -Comp. -अम्बु n. 'black water', ink. -आस्य a. 1 having a dirty or black face. -2 low, vulgar. -3 savage, cruel. -प्रभ a. obscured, soiled, clouded. -मुख a. = मलिनास्य q. v. (-खः) 1 fire. -2 a ghost, an evil spirit. -3 a kind of monkey (गोलाङ्गूल). | | | māya | माय a. Possessing magical power; नमो विश्वाय मायाय चिन्त्याचिन्त्याय वै नमः Mb.13.14.316. -यः 1 A conjurer, juggler. -2 A demon, an evil spirit. -3 N. of Viṣṇu; L. D. B. -4 A garment; L. D. B. | | | māraḥ | मारः [मृ-घञ्] 1 Killing, slaughter, slaying; अशेष- प्राणिनामासीदमारो दश वत्सरान् Rāj.T.5.64. -2 An obstacle, hindrance, opposition. -3 The god of love; श्यामात्मा कुटिलः करोतु कबरीभारोपि मारोद्यमम् Gīt.3; (where मार primarily means 'killing'); Nāg.1.1. -4 Love, passion. -5 The thorn-apple (धत्तूर). -6 An evil one, a destroyer; the tempter (according to Buddhists); सेर्ष्यं मारवधूभिरित्यभिहितो बोधौ जिनः पातु वः Nāg.1.1; Pt.5. 14. -7 Death. -Comp. -अङ्क a. 'marked by love', displaying signs of love; माराङ्के रतिकेलिसंकुलरणारम्भे Gīt.12. -अभिभूः (भुः ?) an epithet of a Buddha. -अरिः, रिपुः Śiva. -आत्मक a. murderous; कथं मारात्मके त्वयि विश्वासः कर्तव्यः H.1. -जातकः a cat. -जित् m. an epithet of Śiva. -2 of a Buddha. | | | meth | मेथ् 1 U. (मेथति-ते) 1 To meet. -2 To meet one another (Ātm.). -3 To revile. -4 To know, understand. -5 To hurt, injure, kill. | | | yakṣaḥ | यक्षः [यक्ष्यते, यक्ष्-कर्मणि घञ्] 1 N. of a class of demigods who are described as attendants of Kubera, the god of riches, and employed in guarding his gardens and treasures; यक्षोत्तमा यक्षपतिं धनेशं रक्षन्ति वै प्रासगदादिहस्ताः Hariv.; Me.68; Bg.1.23;11.22. -2 A kind of ghost or spirit; तन्न व्यजानन्त किमिदं यक्षमिति Ken.3.2. -3 N. of the palace of Indra. -4 N. of Kubera. -5 Worship. -6 A dog. -क्षम् 1 A ghost. -2 Sacrifice. -3 Anything honoured. -क्षी 1 A female Yakṣa. -2 N. of Kubera's wife. -3 The Yakṣa. class; अल्पवीर्या यदा यक्षी श्रूयते मुनिपुंगव Rām.1.25.2. -Comp. -अधिपः, -अधिपतिः, -इन्द्रः Kubera, the lord of Yakṣas. -आमलकम् the fruit of the पिण्डखर्जूर tree. -आवासः the fig-tree. -कर्दमः an ointment consisting of camphor, agallochum, musk and Kakkola (according to others, also sandal and suffron) mixed in equal proportions; यक्षकर्दममृदून्मृदिताङ्गं ... सिषिचुरुच्चकुचास्तम् N.21.7; (कर्पूरागुरु- कस्तुरीकक्कोलैर्यक्षकर्दमः Ak.; कुङ्कुमागुरुकस्तूरी कर्पूरं चन्दनं तथा । महासुगन्धमित्युक्तं नामतो यक्षकर्दमः ॥). -ग्रहः the being possessed by Yakṣas or evil spirits; a kind of insanity. -तरुः the fig-tree. -धूपः resin, incense. -बलिः a particular nuptial ceremony. -रसः a kind of intoxicating drink. -राज् m. 1 N. of Kubera; प्रतिसिञ्चन् विचिक्रीडे यक्षीभिर्यक्षराडिव Bhāg.1.9.9. -2 a place prepared for wrestling and boxing. -राजः N. of Kubera. -रात्रिः f. the festival called Dīpāli, q. v. -वित्तः one who is like a Yakṣa, i. e. the guardian of wealth, but who never uses it; तस्यैवं यक्षवित्तस्य च्युतस्योभयलोकतः Bhāg.11.23.9. | | | yajñaḥ | यज्ञः [यज्-भावे न] 1 A sacrifice, sacrificial rite; any offering or oblation; यज्ञेन यज्ञमयजन्त देवाः; तस्माद्यज्ञात् सर्वहुतः &c.; यज्ञाद् भवति पर्जन्यो यज्ञः कर्मसमुद्भवः Bg.3.14. -2 An act of worship, any pious or devotional act. (Every householder, but particularly a Brāhmaṇa, has to perform five such devotional acts every day; their names are :-- भूतयज्ञ, मनुष्ययज्ञ, पितृयज्ञ, देवयज्ञ, and ब्रह्मयज्ञ, which are collectively called the five 'great sacrifices'; see महायज्ञ, and the five words separately.) -3 N. of Agni. -4 Of Viṣṇu; ऋषयो यैः पराभाव्य यज्ञघ्नान् यज्ञमीजिरे Bhāg.3.22.3. -Comp. -अंशः a share of sacrifice ˚भुज् m. a deity, god; निबोध यज्ञांशभुजामिदानीम् Ku.3.14. -अ(आ)गारः, -रम् a sacrificial hall. -अङ्गम् 1 a part of a sacrifice. -2 any sacrificial requisite, a means of a sacrifice; यज्ञाङ्गयोनित्वमवेक्ष्य यस्य Ku.1.17. (-गः) 1 the glomerous figtree (उदुम्बर). -2 the Khadira tree. -3 N. of Viṣṇu. -4 the black-spotted antelope. -अन्तः 1 the completion of a sacrifice. -2 an ablution at the end of a sacrifice for purification. -3 a supplementary sacrifice. ˚कृत् m. N. of Viṣṇu. -अरिः an epithet of Śiva. -अर्ह a. 1 deserving sacrifice. -2 fit for a sacrifice. (-m. dual) an epithet of the Aśvins. -अवयवः N. of Viṣṇu. -अशनः a god. -आत्मन् m. -ईश्वरः N. of Viṣṇu. -आयुधम् an implement of a sacrifice. These are said to be ten in number; स्पयश्च कपालानि च अग्निहोत्रहवणी च शूर्पं च कृष्णाजिनं च शम्या चोलूखलं च मुसलं च दृषच्चोपला एतानि वै दश यज्ञायुधानीति (quoted in ŚB. on MS.4.7.) -ईशः 1 N. of Viṣṇu. -2 of the sun. -इष्टम् a kind of grass (दीर्घरोहिततृण). -उपकरणम् any utensil or implement necessary for a sacrifice. -उपवीतम् the sacred thread worn by members of the first three classes (and now even of other lower castes) over the left shoulder and under the right arm; see Ms.2.63; वामांसावलम्बिना यज्ञोपवीतेनोद्भासमानः K.; कौशं सूत्रं त्रिस्त्रिवृतं यज्ञोपवीतम् ...... Baudhāyana; (originally यज्ञोपवीत was the ceremony of investiture with the sacred thread). -उपासक a. performing sacrifices. -कर्मन् a. engaged in a sacrifice. (-n.) a sacrificial rite. -कल्प a. of the nature of a sacrifice or sacrificial offering. -कालः the last lunar day of every fortnight (full-moon and newmoon). -कीलकः a post to which the sacrificial victim is fastened. -कुण्डम् a hole in the ground made for receiving the sacrificial fire. -कृत् a. performing a sacrifice. (-m.) 1 N. of Viṣṇu. -2 a priest conducting a sacrifice. -क्रतुः 1 a sacrificial rite; Ait. Br.7.15. -2 a complete rite or chief ceremony. -3 an epithet of Viṣṇu; ईजे च भगवन्तं यज्ञक्रतुरूपम् Bhāg.5.7.5. -क्रिया a sacrificial rite. -गम्य a. accessible by sacrifice (Viṣṇu). -गुह्यः N. of Kṛiṣṇa. -घ्नः a demon who interrupts a sacrifice. -त्रातृ m. N. of Viṣṇu. -दक्षिणा a sacrificial gift, the fee given to the priests who perform a sacrifice. -दीक्षा 1 admission or initiation to a sacrificial rite. -2 performance of a sacrifice; (जननम्) तृतीयं यज्ञदीक्षायां द्विजस्य श्रुतिचोदनात् Ms.2.169. -द्रव्यम् anything (e. g. a vessel) used for a sacrifice. -द्रुह् m. an evil spirit, a demon. -धीर a. conversant with worship or sacrifice. -पतिः 1 one who institutes a sacrifice. See यजमान. -2 N. of Viṣṇu. -पत्नी the wife of the institutor of a sacrifice. -पशुः 1 an animal for sacrifice, a sacrificial victim. -2 a horse. -पात्रम्, -भाण्डम् a sacrificial vessel. -पुंस्, -पुमान् m. N. of Viṣṇu. -पुरुषः, -फलदः epithets of Viṣṇu. -बाहुः N. of Agni. -भागः 1 a portion of a sacrifice, a share in the sacrificial offerings. -2 a god, deity. ˚ईश्वरः N. of Indra. ˚भुज् m. a god, deity. -भावनः N. of Viṣṇu. -भावित a. honoured with sacrifice; इष्टान् भोगान् हि वो देवा दास्यन्ते यज्ञभाविताः Bg.3.12. -भुज् m. a god. -भूमिः f. a place for sacrifice, a sacrificial ground. -भूषणः white darbha grass. -भृत् m. an epithet of Viṣṇu. -भोक्तृ m. an epithet of Viṣṇu or Kṛiṣṇa. -महीत्सवः a great sacrificial caremony. -योगः the Udumbara tree. -रसः, -रेतस् n. Soma. -वराहः Viṣṇu in his boar incarnation. -वल्लिः, -ल्ली f. the Soma plant. -वाटः a place prepared and enclosed for a sacrifice. -वाह a. conducting a sacrifice. -वाहनः 1 an epithet of Viṣṇu. -2 a Brahmaṇa. -3 N. of Śiva. -वीर्यः N. of Viṣṇu. -वृक्षः the fig-tree. -वेदिः, -दी f. the sacrificial altar. -शरणम् a sacrificial shed or hall, a temporary structure under which a sacrifice is performed ; M.5. -शाला a sacrificial hall. -शिष्टम्, -शेषः -षम् the remains of a sacrifice; यज्ञशिष्टाशिनः सन्तो मुच्यन्ते सर्वकिल्बिषैः Bg.3.13; यज्ञशेषं तथामृतम् Ms.3.285. -शील a. zealously performing sacrifice; यद् धनं यज्ञशीलानां देवस्वं तद् विदुर्बुधाः Ms.11.2. -श्रेष्ठा the Soma plant. -संस्तरः the act of setting up the sacrificial bricks; यज्ञ- संस्तरविद्भिश्च Mb.1.7.42. -सदस् n. a number of people at a sarifice. -संभारः materials necessary for a sacrifice. -सारः an epithet of Viṣṇu. -सिद्धिः f. the completion of a sacrifice. -सूत्रम् see यज्ञोपवीत; अन्यः कृष्णाजिन- मदाद् यज्ञसूत्रं तथापरः Rām.1.4.21. -सेनः an epithet of king Drupada. -स्थाणुः a sacrificial post. -हन् m., -हनः epithets of Śiva. -हुत् m. a sacrificial priest. | | | yātuḥ | यातुः 1 A traveller, a way-farer. -2 Wind. -3 Time. -4 An evil spirit, a demon, Rākṣasa. -n. 1 An evil spirit, a demon. -2 A weapon. -Comp. -घ्नः Bdellium. -धानः an evil spirit, a demon; निघातयिष्यन् युधि यातुधानान् Bk.2.21; R.12.45. -नारी a female demon; बभ्राम त्रिजगति या तु यातुनारी Rām. Ch.7.1. | | | vyāgulī | व्यागुली Sour scum of boiled rice; cf. यवागू. -3 N. of Śiva. -4 N. of a tree (हिज्जल). -5 The planet Mars. -क्ता 1 Lac. -2 The plant गुञ्जा. -3 one of the 7 tongues of fire. -4 (In music) N. of a श्रुति. -क्तम् 1 Blood; रक्तं सर्वशरीरस्थं जीवस्याधारमुत्तमम् Bhāva P. -2 Copper. -3 Cinnabar. -4 Saffron. -5 Vermilion. -6 Dried Emblic Myrobalan; L. D. B. -7 A disease of the eyes. -8 The menstrual fluid. -9 Red sandal; रक्तं पीतं गुरु स्वादु छर्दितृष्णास्रपित्तनुत् । पित्तनेत्रहितं वृष्यं ज्वरव्रण- विषापहम् Bhāva P. -Comp. -अक्त a. 1 dyed red, tinged. -2 smeared with blood. (-क्तम्) red sandal. -अक्ष a. 1 red-eyed. -2 fearful. (-क्षः) 1 a buffalo. -2 a pigeon. -3 a crane (सारस). -4 N. of a संवत्सर. -5 the Chakora bird. -अङ्कः a coral. -अङ्गः 1 a bug. -2 the planet Mars. -3 the disc of the sun or moon. (-ङ्गम्) 1 a coral (also m. and f.) -2 saffron. -अति(ती)सारः dysentery, bloody flux; पित्तकृत तु यदात्यर्थं द्रव्यमश्नाति पैत्तिके । तद्दोषाज्जायते शीघ्रं रक्तातीसार उल्बणः ॥ Bhāva P. -अधरा a Kinnarī. -अधि- मन्थः inflammation of the eyes. -अपहम् myrrh. -अम्बर a. clad in red garments. (-रम्) a red garment. (-रः) a vagrant devotee wearing red garments. -अर्बुदः a bloody tumour. -अर्शस् n. a form of piles. -अशोकः the red-flowered Aśoka; रक्ताशोकरुचा विशेषितगुणो बिम्बाधरा- लक्तकः M.3.5. -आकारः coral -आधारः the skin. -आभ a. red-looking. -आशयः any viscus containing or secreting blood (as the heart, spleen, or liver). -उत्पलम् the red lotus. -उपलम् red chalk, red earth. -कण्ठ, -कण्ठिन् a. sweet-voiced. (-m.) the cuckoo; प्लावितै रक्तकण्ठानां कूजितैश्च पतत्रिणाम् Bhāg.4.6.12. -कन्दः, -कन्दलः coral. -कदम्बः the red-flowering Kadamba. -कमलम् the red lotus. -कुमुदम् a red lily. -केसरः the coral tree. -कैरवः, -कोकनदः a red lotus-flower. -गन्धकम् myrrh. -ग्रन्थिः a particular form of urinary disease. -ग्रीवः 1 a demon. -2 a kind of pigeon. -घ्नः the Rohitaka tree. (-घ्नी) the Dūrvā grass. -चन्दनम् 1 redsandal. -2 saffron. -चूर्णम् vermilion. -च्छद a. redleaved. -छर्दिः f. vomiting blood. -जिह्वः a lion. -तुण्डः a parrot. -तेजस् n. flesh. -दन्तिका, -दन्ती N. of Durgā; स्तुवन्तो व्याहरिष्यन्ति सततं रक्तदन्तिकाम् Devīmāhātmyam. -दृश् m. a pigeon. -धातुः 1 red chalk, orpiment. -2 copper. -नाडी a fistulous ulcer on the gum caused by a bad state of blood. -नासिकः an owl. -पः a demon, an evil spirit. (-पा) 1 a leech. -2 a Dākiṇī. -पक्षः N. of Garuḍa. -पटः a kind of mendicant; केचिद् रक्तपटीकृताश्च जटिलाः कापालिकाश्चापरे Pt.4.34 (esp. Jains); धर्म इत्युपधर्मेषु नग्नरक्तपटादिषु । प्रायेण सज्जते भ्रान्त्या पेशलेषु च वाग्मिषु ॥ Bhāg.4.19.25. -पद्मम् A red lotus. -पल्लवः the Aśoka tree. -पातः blood-shed. -पाता a leech. -पाद a. red-footed. (-दः) 1 a bird with red feet, a parrot. -2 a war-chariot. -3 an elephant. -पायिन् m. a bug. -पायिनी a leech. -पारदः, -दम् cinnabar. -पिण्डम् 1 a red pimple. -2 a spontaneous discharge of blood from the nose and mouth. -पित्तम् derangement of the blood produced by bile; संयोगाद् दूषणात् तत् तु सामान्याद् गन्धवर्णयोः । रक्तं च पित्तमाख्यातं रक्तपित्त मनीषिभिः Bhāva P. -पुष्पः N. of several plants:-- करवीर, रोहितक, दाडिम, बन्धूक, पुन्नाग &c. -ष्पा N. of the plant Punarnavā पुनर्नवा परारक्ता रक्तपुष्पा परारिका Bhāva P. -पूयम् N. of a hell. -पूरकम् = वृक्षाम्ल q. v, -प्रमेहः the passing of blood in the urine. -फलः the figtree. -बिन्दुः N. of a demon; रक्तबिन्दुर्यदा भूमौ पतत्यस्य शरीरतः । समुत्पतति मेदिन्यास्तत्प्रमाणस्तदासुरः Devīmāhātmyam. -बीजः the pomegranate tree. -मत्स्यः a kind of red fish. -भवम् flesh. -भाव a. 1 red. -2 loving, amorous. -मञ्जरः the Nichula tree. -मण्डलम् a red lotus-flower. -मेहः the voiding of blood with urine; विस्रमुष्णं सलवणं रक्ताभं रक्तमेहतः Bhāva P. -मोक्षः, -मोक्षणम् bleeding, letting out blood. -राजिः a particular disease of the eye. -रेणुः 1 vermilion. -2 the Punnāga tree. -3 an angry man. -4 A bud of the Palāśa tree. -लोचनः a pigeon. -वटी, -वरटी small-pox. -वर्गः1 lac. -2 the pomegranate tree. -3 safflower. -वर्ण a. red-coloured. (-र्णः) 1 redcolour. -2 cochineal insect. (-र्णम्) gold. -वर्धनः Solanum Melongena (Mar. डोरली वांगी). -वसन, -वासस् a. clothed in red; Ms.8.256. (-m.) a Brāhmaṇa in the fourth order of life. -वालुकम्, -का vermilion. -विकारः deterioration of blood. -विद्रधिः a boil filled with bloood. -वृष्टिः a. shower of blood forboding evil; रक्ते (वर्षिते) शस्त्रोद्योगः Jyotiśtattvam. -वीजः the pomegranate tree; (see रक्तबीज above). -शासनम् vermilion. -शीर्षकः a kind of heron. -शृङ्गिकम् a kind of poison. -ष्ठीवी the spitting of blood. -संकोचः safflower. -संकोचकम् a red lotus-flower. -संझम् saffron. -संदंशिका a leech. -संध्यकम् the red lotus. -सारम् red sandal. -स्रावः hemorrhage. | | | rakṣas | रक्षस् n. [रक्ष्यते हविरस्मात्, रक्ष्-असुन्] 1 An evil spirit, a demon, an imp, a goblin; चतुर्दशसहस्राणि रक्षसां भीमकर्म- णाम् । त्रयश्च दूषणखरत्रिमूर्धानो रणे हताः ॥ U.2.15. -2 Ved. Hurt, injury. -Comp. -ईशः, -नाथः an epithet of Rāvaṇa. -घ्नः white mustard. (-घ्नम्) sour rice-gruel. -जननी night. -पाशः a contemptible demon. -प्रकाण्डकः the best of the demons (प्रशस्तः राक्षसः); दण्डकानध्यवात्तां यौ वीर रक्षःप्रकाण्डकौ Bk.5.6. -सभम् an assembly of demons. | | | rakṣā | रक्षा [रक्ष्-भावे अ टाप्] 1 Protection, preservation; guarding; मयि सृष्टिर्हि लोकानां रक्षा युष्मास्ववस्थिता Ku.2.28; Ś.2.15; R.2.4,8; Me.45. -2 Care, security. -3 A guard, watch. -4 An amulet or mystical object used as a charm, any preservative; as in रक्षाकरण्ड q. v. below. -4 A tutelary deity. -5 Ashes. -6 A piece of silk or thread fastened round the wrist on particular occasions, especially on the full-moon day of Śrāvaṇa, as an amulet or preservative; (रक्षी also in this sense). -7 Lac. -Comp. -अधिकृतः 1 one who is entrusted with protection or superintendence, a superintendent or governor; Ms.7.123;9.272. -2 a magistrate. -3 the chief police-officer. -अपेक्षकः 1 a porter; doorkeeper. -2 a guard of the women's apartments. -3 a catamite. -4 an actor. -करण्डः, -करण्डकम् a preservative casket, an amulet, a magical or charmed casket; अहो रक्षाकरण्डकमस्य मणिबन्धे न दृश्यते Ś.7. -गृहम् a lying-in chamber; रक्षागृहगता दीपाः प्रत्यादिष्टा इवाभवन् R.1.68. -पट्टोलिका a cluster of amulets. -पत्रः a species of birch tree. -परिघः a protective bar. -पालः, -पुरुषः a watchman, guard, police. -प्रतिसरः an amulet; दत्तरक्षाप्रति- सरामन्वालम्भनशोभनाम् Mb.3.39.4. -प्रदीपः a lamp kept burning as a sort of protection against evil spirits. -भूषणम्, -मणिः, -रत्नम् an ornament of jewel worn as an amulet or preservative against evil spirits. -मङ्गलम् a ceremony performed for protection (against evil spirits &c.). -महौषधिः a sovereign preservative remedy. -सूत्रम् a carrying-girth. | | | rākṣasa | राक्षस a. (-सी f.) [रक्षस इदम् अण्] Belonging to or like an evil spirit, demoniacal, partaking of a demon's nature; मुनयो राक्षसीमाहुर्वाचमुन्मत्तदृप्तयोः U.5.3; ततस्तद्राक्षसं सैन्यम् Rām.3.22.17; राक्षसीमासुरीं चैव प्रकृतिं मोहिनीं श्रिताः Bg.9.12. -सः 1 A demon, an evil spirit, a goblin, fiend, imp. -2 one of the eight forms of marriage in Hindu Law, in which a girl is forcibly seized and carried away after the defeat or destruction of her relatives in battle; हत्वा छित्त्वा च भित्त्वा च क्रोशन्तीं रुदतीं गृहात् । प्रसह्य कन्याहरणं राक्षसो विधिरुच्यते ॥ Ms.3.33; राक्षसो युद्धहरणात् Y.1.61. (Kṛiṣṇa carried away Rukmiṇī in this manner.) -3 one of the astronomical Yogas. -4 N. of a minister of Nanda, an important character in the Mudrārākṣasa. -5 A king of the Rākṣasas. -6 N. of the 3th Muhūrta. -7 N. of a संवत्सर. -सी 1 A female demon. -2 Laṅkā or Ceylon. -3 Night. -4 A larger tooth, tusk. -Comp. -इन्द्रः N. of Rāvaṇa. -ग्रहः N. of a particular insanity or seizure. -घ्नः N. of Rāma. | | | rātriḥ | रात्रिः त्री f. [राति सुखं भयं वा रा-त्रिप् वा ङीप् Uṇ.4.69] 1 Night; रात्रिर्गता मतिमतां वर मुञ्च शशथ्याम् R.5.66; दिवा काकरवाद् भीता रात्रौ तरति नर्मदाम्. -2 The darkness of night. -3 Turmeric; Mb.13.136.25. -4 one of the four forms or bodies of Brahmā. -5 Day and night; अहःशब्दो$पि अहोरात्रवचनः । रात्रिशब्दो$पि ŚB. on MS.8.1.16; यां रात्रिं जायते जीवो यां रात्रिं च विनश्यति Mb.13.9.4. -Comp. -अटः 1 a goblin, demon, ghost. -2 a thief. -अन्धः a. night-blind. -आगमः, -उपायः the approach of night. -करः 1 the moon. -2 camphor. -चरः (also -रात्रिंचर) (-री f.) 1 'a night rover', robber, thief. -2 a watchman, patrol, guard. -3 a demon, ghost, evil spirit; (तं) यान्तं वने रात्रिचरी डुढौके Bk.2.23. -चर्या 1 night-roving. -2 a nightly act or ceremony. -जम् a star, constellation. -जलम् dew. -जागरः 1 night-watching, wakefulness or sitting up at night; आरुरोह कुमुदा- करोपमां रात्रिजागरपरो दिवाशयः R.19.34. -2 a dog. ˚दः a gnat. -तरा the dead of night. -तिथिः f. a lunar night. -द्विष् the sun. -नाथः the moon. -नाशनः the sun. -पर्युषित a. stale. -पुष्पम् a lotus-flower opening at night. -बलः a demon. -भुजङ्गः the moon. -मणिः 1 the moon. -2 camphor. -योगः night-fall. -रक्षः, -रक्षकः a watchman, guard. -रागः darkness, obscurity. -वासस् n. 1 night-dress. -2 darkness. -विगमः 'end of night', break of day, dawn, daylight. -विश्लेषगामिन् m. the ruddy goose. -वेदः, -वेदिन् m. a cock. -सत्रन्यायः the rule according to which an act, for which no fruit is stated directly in the injunctive text, should be held as yielding the result spoken of in the अर्थवाद text connected with it. This rule is discussed and established by Jaimini and Śabara in MS.4.3.17-19. -हासः the white lotus. -हिण्डकः 1 a guard of the women's apartments. -2 a night-stalker. | | | ripha | रिफ 6 P. (रिफति, रिफित) 1 To utter a rough grating sound. -2 To revile, blame. -3 To speak, say. -4 To boast. -5 To give. -6 To fight. -7 To hurt, kill. | | | rudra | रुद्र a. [रोदिति रुद्-रक् Uṇ.2.22] 1 Dreadful, terrific frightful, formidable. -2 Great, large. -3 Driving away evil. -4 Praiseworthy. -द्रः 1 N. of a group of gods, eleven in number, supposed to be inferior manifestations of Śiva or Śaṁkara, who is said to be the head of the group; रुद्राणां शंकरश्चास्मि Bg.1.23; रुद्राणामपि मूर्धानः क्षतहुंकारशंसिनः Ku.2.26. -2 N. of Śiva. -3 Fire. -4 The number 'eleven'. -5 (pl.) प्राणs and इन्द्रियs; Mb.12.316.5 (com.). -6 N. for the hymns addressed to Rudra. -Comp. -अक्षः a kind of tree. (-क्षम्) 1 a rosary. -2 the berry of this tree, used for rosaries; भस्मोद्धूलन भद्रमस्तु भवते रुद्राक्षमाले शुभम् K. P.1. -अरिः the god of love. -आक्रीडः a cemetery. -आवासः 1 'the abode of Rudra', the mountain Kailāsa. -2 N. of Benares. -3 a cemetery; cf. पितृसद्मगोचरः Ku.5.77. -गर्भः N. of Agni. -जः quicksilver. -दर्शन a. terrific. -पत्नी 1 the goddess Durgā. -2 linseed. -प्रयागः the sacred place where the मन्दाकिनी joins the गङ्गा. -प्रिया 1 Pārvatī. -2 The yellow myrobalan tree. -भूः f. a cemetery. -यामलम् N. of a Tantra (a dialogue between भैरव and भैरवी). -रोदनम् gold; यत्सेवयाग्नेरिव रुद्ररोदनम् Bhāg. 8.24.48. -वीणा a kind of lute. -सखः N. of Kubera. -संमित a. equal to eleven. -सावर्णिः N. of the 12th Manu. -सूः f. a mother giving birth to eleven children. | | | rudhira | रुधिर a. [रुध्-किरच् Uṇ.1.5] Red, red-coloured. -रम् 1 Blood. -2 Saffron. -रः 1 The red colour. -2 The planet Mars; रोहिणीशकटमर्कनन्दनश्चेद् भिनत्ति रुधिरो$थवा शशी Pt.1.213. -3 A kind of precious stone. -Comp. -अन्धः N. of a hell. -अशनः 'a blood-eater', a demon, an evil spirit. -आख्यः a kind of precious stone. -आननम् one of the five retrograding motions of Mars. -आमयः hemorrhage, piles. -उद्गारिन् a. 1 emitting blood. -2 N. of a संवत्सर. -पायिन् m. a demon. -प्लावित a. soaked in blood. -लालस a. sanguinary. -लेपः a. spot of blood. -सार a. sanguine. | | | lokaḥ | लोकः [लोक्यते$सौ लोक्-घञ्] 1 The world, a division of the universe; (roughly speaking there are three lokas स्वर्ग, पृथ्वी and पाताल, but according to fuller classification the lokas are fourteen, seven higher regions rising from the earth one above the other, i. e. भूर्लोक, भुवर्लोक, स्वर्लोक, महर्लोक, जनर्लोक, तपर्लोक, and सत्यलोक or ब्रह्मलोक; and seven lower regions, descending from the earth one below the other; i. e. अतल, वितल, सुतल, रसातल, तलातल, महातल, and पाताल). -2 The earth, terrestrial world (भूलोक); इह- लोके in this world (opp. परत्र). -3 The human race, mankind, men, as in लोकातिग, लोकोत्तर &c. q. v. -4 The people or subjects (opp. the king); स्वसुखनिरभिलाषः खिद्यसे लोकहेतोः Ś.5.7; R.4.8. -5 A collection, group, class, company; आकृष्टलीलान् नरलोकपालान् R.6.1; or शशाम तेन क्षितिपाल- लोकः 7.3. -6 A region, tract, district, province. -7 Common life, ordinary practice (of the world); लोकवत्तु लीलाकैवल्यम् Br. Sūt.II.1.33; यथा लोके कस्यचिदाप्तैषणस्य राज्ञः &c. S. B. (and diverse other places of the same work). -8 Common or worldly usage (opp. Vedic usage or idiom); वेदोक्ता वैदिकाः शब्दाः सिद्धा लोकाच्च लौकिकाः, प्रियतद्धिता दाक्षिणात्या यथा लोके वेदे चेति प्रयोक्तव्ये यथा लौकिक- वैदिकेष्विति प्रयुञ्जते Mbh. (and in diverse other places); अतो$स्मि लोके वेदे च प्रथितः पुरुषोत्तमः Bg.15.18. -9 Sight, looking. -1 The number 'seven', or 'fourteen'. -11 Ved. Open space; space, room. -12 one's own nature (निजस्वरूप); नष्टस्मृतिः पुनरयं प्रवृणीत लोकम् Bhāg.3. 31.15. -13 Enlightenment (प्रकाश); इच्छामि कालेन न यस्य विप्लवस्तस्यात्मलोकावरणस्य मोक्षम् Bhāg.8.3.25. -14 Recompense (फल); अग्नावेव देवेषु लोकमिच्छन्ते Bṛi. Up.1.4.15. -15 An object of enjoyment (भोग्यवस्तु); अथो अयं वा आत्मा सर्वेषां भूतानां लोकः Bṛi. Up 1.4.16. -16 Sight, the faculty of seeing (चक्षुरिन्द्रिय); अग्निर्लोकः Bṛi. Up.3.9. 1. -17 An object of sense (विषय); उपपत्त्योपलब्धेषु लोकेषु च समो भव Mb.12.288.11. (In compounds लोक is often translated by 'universally', 'generally', 'popularly'; as लोकविज्ञात so ˚विद्विष्ट). -Comp. -अक्षः space, sky. -अतिग a. extraordinary, supernatural. -अतिशय a. superior to the world, extraordinary. -अधिक a. extraordinary, uncommon; सर्वं पण्डितराजराजितिलकेनाकारि लोकाधिकम् Bv.4.44; Ki.2.47. -अधिपः 1 a king. -2 a god or deity. -अधिपतिः a lord of the world. -अनुग्रहः prosperity of mankind. -अनुरागः 'love of mankind', universal love, general benevolence, philanthropy. -अनुवृत्तम् obedience of the people. -अन्तरम् 'another world', the next world, future life; लोकान्तरसुखं पुण्यं तपोदानसमुद्भवम् R.1.69;6.45; लोकान्तरं गम्-प्राप् &c. 'to die'. -अन्तरित a. dead. -अपवादः public scandal, popular censure; लोकापवादो बलवान् मतो मे R.14.4. -अभि- भाविन् a. 1 overcoming the world. -2 pervading the whole world (as light). -अभिलक्षित a. generally liked. -अभ्युदयः public weal or welfare. -अयनः N. of Nārāyaṇa. -अलोकः N. of a mythical mountain that encircles the earth and is situated beyond the sea of fresh water which surrounds the last of the seven continents; beyond लोकालोक there is complete darkness, and to this side of it there is light; it thus divides the visible world from the regions of darkness; प्रकाशश्चा- प्रकाशश्च लोकालोक इवाचलः R.1.68; लोकालोकव्याहतं धर्मराशेः शालीनं वा धाम नालं प्रसर्तुम् Śi.16.83; Mv.5.1,45; ऊर्ध्व- मालोकयामासुः लोकालोकमिवोच्छ्रितम् Parṇāl.3.3; (for further explanation see Dr. Bhāṇḍārkar's note on l. 79 of Māl. 1th Act). (-कौ) the visible and the invisible world. -आकाशः 1 space, sky. -2 (with Jains) a worldly region. -आचारः common practice, popular or general custom, ways of the world; अपि शास्त्रेषु कुशला लोकाचारविवर्जिताः Pt.5.43. -आत्मन् m. the soul of the universe. -आदिः 1 the beginning of the world. -2 the creator of the world. -आयत a. atheistical, materialistic. (-तः) a materialist, an atheist, a follower of Chārvāka. (-तम्) materialism, atheism; (for some account see the first chapter of the Sarvadarśanasaṁgraha). -आयतिकः an atheist, a materialist; कच्चिन्न लोकायतिकान् ब्राह्मणांस्तात सेवसे Rām. 2.1.38. -ईशः 1 a king (lord of the world). -2 Brahman. -3 quick-silver. -उक्तिः f. 1 a proverb, popular saying; लोके ख्यातिमुपागतात्र सकले लोकोक्तिरेषा यतो दग्धानां किल वह्निना हितकरः सेको$पि तस्योद्भवः Pt.1.371. -2 common talk, public opinion. -उत्तर a. extraordinary, uncommon, unusual; लोकोत्तरा च कृतिः Bv.1.69.7; U.2.7. (-रः) a king. ˚वादिन् m. pl. N. of a Buddhist school. -उपक्रोशनम् circulating evil reports among the people; असारस्य वाक्संतक्षणैर्लोकोपक्रोशनैः ... अपवाहनम् Dk.2.2. -एकबन्धुः an epithet of Śākyamuni. -एषणा 1 desire for heaven; या वितैषणा सा लोकैषणोभे ह्येते एषणे एव भवतः Bṛi. Up.3.5.1. -2 desire for the good opinion of the public. -कण्टकः 1 a troublesome or wicked man, the curse of mankind. -2 an epithet of Rāvaṇa; see कण्टक. -कथा a popular legend, folk-tale. -कर्तृ, -कृत् m. the creator of the world. -कल्प a. 1 resembling the world. -2 regarded by the world. (-ल्पः) a period or age of the world. -कान्त a. liked by the people, popular; भव पितुरनुरूपस्त्वं गुणैर्लोककान्तैः V.5.21. (-न्ता) a kind of medical herb (Mar. मुरुढशेंग). -कारणकारणः an epithet of Śiva. -क्षित् a. inhabiting heaven. -गतिः f. actions of men. -गाथा a song handed down among people, folk-song. -चक्षुस् n. the sun. -चारित्रम् the ways of the world. -जननी an epithet of Lakṣmī. -जित् m. 1 an epithet of Buddha. -2 any conqueror of the world. -3 a sage. -a. winning heaven; तद्धैतल्लोकजिदेव Bṛi. Up.1.3.28. -ज्ञ a. knowing the world. -ज्येष्ठः an epithet of Buddha. -तत्त्वम् knowledge of mankind. -तन्त्रम् course of the world; निर्मितो लोकतन्त्रो$यं लोकेषु परिवर्तते Bhāg.12.11.29. -तुषारः camphor. -त्रयम्, -त्रयी the three worlds taken collectively; उत्खात- लोकत्रयकण्टकेपि R.14.73. -दम्भक a. cheating mankind; Ms.4.195. -द्वारम् the gate of heaven. -धर्मः 1 a worldly matter. -2 (with Buddhists) worldly condition. -धातुः a particular division of the world (जम्बु- द्वीप). -धातृ m. an epithet of Śiva. -धारिणी N. of the earth. -नाथः 1 Brahman. -2 Viṣṇu. -3 Śiva. -4 a king, sovereign. -5 a Buddha -6 the sun. -नेतृ m. an epithet of Śiva. -पः, -पालः 1 a regent or guardian of a quarter of the world; ललिताभिनयं तमद्य भर्ता मरुतां द्रष्टुमनाः सलोकपालः V.2.18; R.2.75;12.89;17.78; (the lokapālas are eight; see अष्टदिक्पाल). -2 a king, sovereign. -पक्तिः f. esteem of mankind, general respectability. -पतिः 1 an epithet of Brahman. -2 of Viṣṇu. -3 a king, sovereign. -पथः, -पद्धतिः f. the general or usual way, the universally accepted way. -परोक्ष a. hidden from the world. -पितामहः an epithet of Brahman. -प्रकाशनः the sun. -प्रत्ययः universal prevalence. -प्रवादः general rumour, current report, popular talk. -प्रसिद्ध a. well-known, universally known. -बन्धुः, -बान्धवः 1 the sun. -2 Śiva. -बाह्य, -वाह्य 1 excluded from society, excommunicated. -2 differing from the world, eccentric, singular; उन्मादवन्नृत्यति लोकबाह्यः Bhāg.11.2.4. (-ह्यः) an outcast. -भर्तृ a. supporter of the people. -भावन, -भाविन् a. promoting the welfare of the world. -मर्यादा an established or current custom. -मातृ f. an epithet of Lakṣmī. -मार्गः an established custom. -यज्ञः desire for the good opinion of the people (लोकैषणा); Mb.1. 18.5. (com. लोकयज्ञो लोकैषणा सर्वो मां साधुमेव जानात्विति वासनारूपः). -यात्रा 1 worldly affairs, the course of worldly life, business of the world; तस्माल्लोकयात्रार्थी नित्यमुद्यत- दण्डः स्यात् Kau. A.1.4; Mb.3.15.31; Dk.2.8; एवं किलेयं लोकयात्रा Mv.7; यावदयं संसारस्तावत् प्रसिद्धैवेयं लोकयात्रा Ve.3. -2 a popular usage or custom; एषोदिता लोकयात्रा नित्यं स्त्रीपुंसयोः शुभा Ms.9.25 -3 worldly existence, career in life; Māl.4,6. -4 support of life, maintenance. -रक्षः a king, sovereign. -रञ्जनम् pleasing the world, popularity. -रवः popular talk or report. -रावण a. tormentor of the people; रावणं लोकरावणम् Rām.3.33.1; Mb.3.148.12. -लेखः 1 a public document. -2 an ordinary letter. -लोचनम् the sun. -वचनम् a popular rumour or report. -वर्तनम् the means by which the world subsists. -वादः public rumour; common talk, popular report; मां लोकवादश्रवणादहासीः R.14.61. -वार्ता popular report, public rumour; कश्चिदक्षर्धूतः कलासु कवित्वेषु लोकवार्तासु चातिवैचक्षण्यान्मया समसृज्यत Dk.2.2. -विद्विष्ट a. disliked by men, generally or universally disliked. -विधिः 1 a mode of proceeding prevalent in the world. -2 the creator of the world. -विनायकाः a class of deities presiding over diseases. -विभ्रमः see लोकव्यवहार; हृष्यत्तनुर्विस्मृतलोकविभ्रमः Bhāg.1.71.26. -विरुद्ध a. opposed to public opinion; यद्यपि शुद्धं लोकविरुद्धं नाकरणीयम् नाचरणीयम्. -विश्रुत a. farfamed, universally known, famous, renowned. -विश्रुतिः f. 1 world-wide fame. -2 unfounded rumour, mere report. -विसर्गः 1 the end of the world; Mb. -2 the creation of the world; Bhāg. -वृत्तम् 1 the way of the world, a custom prevalent in the world; लोकवृत्तमनुष्ठेयं कृतं वो बाष्पमोक्षणम् Rām.4.25.3. -2 an idle talk or gossip; न लोकवृत्तं वर्तेत वृत्तिहेतोः कथंचन Ms.4.11. -वृत्तान्तः, -व्यवहारः 1 the course or ways of the world, general custom; Ś.5. -2 course of events. -व्यवहार a. commonly used, universally current. -व्रतम् general practice or way of the world. -श्रुतिः f. 1 a popular report. -2 world-wide fame. -संसृतिः f. 1 fate, destiny. -2 course through the world. -संकरः general confusion in the world. -संग्रहः 1 the whole universe. -2 the welfare of the world; लोकसंग्रहमेवापि संपश्यन् कर्तुमर्हसि Bg.3.2. -3 worldly experience. -4 propitiation of mankind. -संपन्न a. possessed of worldly wisdom. -संबाधः a throng of men, going and coming; इतस्ततः प्रवेशनिर्गमप्रवृत्तलोकसंबाधम् Dk.2.3. -साक्षिक a. 1 having the world as a witness; in the face of the world; प्रत्यक्षं फलमश्नन्ति कर्मणां लोकसाक्षिकम् Mb.3.32.6. -2 attested by witnesses. -साक्षिन् m. 1 an epithet of Brahman. -2 fire. -साधक a. creating worlds. -साधारण a. common (as a topic); Dk. -सिद्ध a. 1 current among the people, usual, customary. -2 generally received or accepted. -सीमातिवर्तिन् a. extraordinary, supernatural. -सुन्दर a. generally admired. -स्थलम् common occurrence. -स्थितिः f. 1 existence or conduct of the universe, worldly existence; the stability or permanence of the world; ये चैवं पुरुषाः कलासु कुशलास्तेष्वेव लोकस्थितिः Bh.2.22. -2 a universal law. -हास्य a. world-derided, the butt of general ridicule. -हित a. beneficial to mankind or to the world. (-तम्) general welfare. | | | vakra | वक्र a. 1 Crooked (fig. also), bent, curved, winding, tortuous; वक्रः पन्था यदपि भवतः प्रस्थितस्योत्तराशाम् Me. 27; Ku.3.29. -2 Roundabout, indirect, evasive, circuitous, equivocal, ambiguous (as a speech); किमेतैर्वक्रभणितैः Ratn.2; वक्रवाक्यरचनारमणीयः ...... सुभ्रुवां प्रववृते परिहासः Śi.1.12; see वक्रोक्ति also. -3 Curled, curling, crisped (as hair). -4 Retrograde (as motion). -5 Dishonest, fraudulent, crooked in disposition. -6 Cruel, malignant (as a planet); वक्राः स्युः पञ्चषष्ठे$र्के अतिवक्रा नगाष्टगे । नवमे दशमे चैव जायते सहजा गतिः ॥ Jyotistattvam. -7 Prosodially long. -क्रः 1 The planet Mars. -2 The planet Saturn. -3 N. of Śiva. -4 N. of the demon Tripura. -5 A nose. -क्रम् 1 The bend or arm of a river. -2 Retrograde motion (of a planet). -3 A form of fracture. -Comp. -अङ्गम् a crooked limb. (-ङ्गः) 1 a goose. -2 the ruddy goose. -3 a snake. -आख्यम् tin. -इतर a. straight. -उक्तिः f. a figure of speech consisting in the use of evasive speech or reply, either by means of a pun, or by an affected change of tone; Mammaṭa thus defines it :-- यदुक्तमन्यथा वाक्यमन्यथा- न्येन योज्यते । श्लेषेण काक्वा वा ज्ञेया सा वक्रोक्तिस्तथा द्विधा K. P.9; for example see the opening stanza in Mu. (धन्या केयं स्थिता ते &c.). -2 equivocation, insinuation, inuendo; सुबन्धुर्बाणभट्टश्च कविराज इति त्रयः । वक्रोक्तिमार्गनिपुणाश्चतुर्थो विद्यते न वा ॥. -3 sarcasm. -कण्टः the jujube tree. -कण्टकः the Khadira tree. -कीलः a curved iron for striking an elephant. -खड्गः, -खड्गकः a sabre, scimitar. -ग, -गत a. having a retrograde motion (as a planet). -गति, -गामिन् a. 1 winding, meandering. -2 fraudulent, dishonest. (-तिः f.) a crooked or tortuous motion, winding gait. -गुल्फः, -ग्रीवः a camel. -चञ्चुः a parrot. -तालम्, -ताली a particular wind-instrument. -तुण्डः 1 an epithet of Gaṇeśa. -2 a parrot. -दंष्ट्रः a boar. -दृश् a. looking obliquely, squinting. -दृष्टि a. 1 squint-eyed, squinting. -2 having a malignant or evil look. -3 envious. (-f.) squint, an oblique look. -घी a. dishonest, deceitful. -नक्रः 1 a parrot. -2 a low man. -नासिकः an owl. -पदम् a cloth marked with various patterns. -पुच्छः, -पुच्छिकः a dog. -पुष्पः the Palāśa tree. -प्लुत a. leaping in curves. -बालधिः, -लाङ्गूलः a dog. -भणितम् prevarication, evasion. -भावः 1 crookedness. -2 deceit. -रेखा a curved line. -वक्त्रः a hog. -संस्थ a. placed transversely. | | | vikṛ | विकृ 8 U. 1 To alter, change, affect; विकारहेतौ सति विक्रियन्ते येषां न चेतांसि त एव धीराः Ku.1.59; R.13.42. -2 To disfigure, deform; विकृताकृति Ms.9.52. -3 To create, produce, effect; मनः सृष्टिं विकुरुते चोद्यमानं सिसृक्षया Ms.1. 75; नास्य विघ्नं विकुर्वन्ति दानवाः Mb. -4 To disturb, harm, injure. (Ā.); हीनान्यनुपकर्तॄणि प्रवृद्धानि विकुर्वते R.17.58. -5 To utter (a sound); विकुर्वाणः स्वरानद्य Bk.8.2. -6 To be faithless (as a wife.). -7 To deprave, pervert, spoil. -8 To display. -9 To change for the worse, deteriorate. (Ā.). -1 To rejoice (Ā.). -11 To feel aversion (Ā.). -12 To act in various ways (Ā.); विकुर्वन्तश्च तैः साकम् Bhāg.1.12.9. -13 To decorate in various ways; प्रासादैः रत्नविकृतैः Rām.15.15. -14 To exercise. -15 To distribute. -16 To destroy, ruin. -17 To spread, extend. -18 To become restless, move to and fro. -19 To act in a hostile manner. -2 To contend together. -21 To blame, revile; अनार्य इति मामार्याः ... विकरिष्यन्ति रथ्यासु Rām.2.12.78. | | | vikriyā | विक्रिया 1 Change, modification, alteration; श्मश्रु- प्रवृद्धिजनिताननविक्रियान् R.13.71;1.17. -2 Agitation, excitement, perturbation, excitement of passion; अथ तेन निगृह्य विक्रियामभिशप्तः फलमेतदन्वभूत् Ku.4.41;3.34. -3 Anger, wrath, displeasure; साधोः प्रकोपितस्यापि मनो नायाति विक्रियाम् Subhāṣ; लिङ्गैर्मुदः संवृतविक्रियास्ते R.7.3; किमकारणमस्मासु गतवानसि विक्रियाम् Bm.1.911. -4 Reverse, evil; विक्रियायै न कल्पन्ते संबन्धाः सदनुष्ठिताः Ku.6.29 (विक्रियायै = वैकल्योत्पादनाय Malli.) -5 Knitting, contraction (of the eyebrows); भ्रूविक्रियायां विरतप्रसंगैः Ku.3.47. -6 Any sudden movement, as in रोमविक्रिया V.1.12 'thrill'. -7 A sudden affection or seizure, disease. -8 Violation, vitiation (of the proper duties); इत्याप्त- वचनाद्रामो विनेष्यन् वर्णविक्रियाम् R.15.48. -9 A preparation or dish of rice &c. -1 Injury, harm. -11 Extinction (of a lamp). -Comp. -उपमा a kind of Upamā mentioned by Daṇḍin; see चन्द्रबिम्बादिवोत्कीर्णं पद्मगर्भादिवोद्धृतम् । तव तन्वङ्गि वदनमित्यसौ विक्रियोपमा ॥ Kāv.2.41. | | | vikruś | विक्रुश् 1 P. 1 To call aloud, cry out loudly; आक्रोश विक्रोशं लपाधिचण्डम् Mk.1.41; Bk.14.42;16.32. -2 To utter (with acc.). -3 To call out to (with acc.). -4 To resound. -5 To abuse, revile, censure. | | | vikroṣṭru | विक्रोष्ट्रु m. 1 one who calls out for help; अकारणे च विक्रोष्टा Y.2.234. -2 A reviler. | | | vigarhita | विगर्हित p. p. 1 Censured, reviled, abused. -2 Disdained. -3 Condemned, reprobated, prohibited. -4 Low, vile. -5 Bad, wicked. -तम् Censure. -Comp. -आचार a. of reprehensible conduct; एतान् विगर्हिताचारान- पाङ्क्तेयान् द्विजाधमान् Ms.3.167. | | | vigīta | विगीत p. p. 1 Censured, abused, reviled. -2 Contradictory, inconsistent; यश्चाधरोत्तरानर्थान् विगीतान्नावबुध्यते Ms.8.53. -3 Sung badly. | | | viḍ | विड् 1 P. (वेडति) 1 To curse, rail at, revile. -2 To cry out loudly. | | | vinipātaḥ | विनिपातः 1 Falling down, a fall. -2 A great fall, calamity, an evil, loss, ruin, destruction; विवेकभ्रष्टानां भवति विनिपातः शतमुकः Bh.2.1 (where it has sense 1 also); विधिहेतुरहेतुरागसां विनिपातो$पि समः समुन्नतेः Ki.2.34. -3 Decay, death. -4 Hell, perdition; Ś.5. -5 Occurrence, happening. -6 Pain, distress; जपतां जुह्वतां चैव विनिपातो न विद्यते Ms.4.146. -7 Disrespect. -Comp. -गत a. fallen into misfortune; भर्तारं नानुमन्यन्ते विनिपातगतं स्त्रियः Rām.2.39.2. -शंसिन् a. portentous, foreboding ruin. | | | vipratiṣedhaḥ | विप्रतिषेधः 1 Keeping under control, controlling; क्रव्याद्भ्य इव भूतानामदान्तेभ्यः सदा भयम् । तेषां विप्रतिषेधार्थं राजा सृष्टः स्वयंभुवा ॥ Mb -2 The opposition of two courses of action which are equally important, the conflict of two even-matched interests; हरिर्विप्रतिषेधं तमाचचक्षे विचक्षणः Śi.2.6 (तुल्यबलविरोधो विप्रतिषेधः Malli.). -3 (In gram.) The conflict of two different grammatical operations become possible according to two different rules, conflict of two equally important rules; विप्रतिषेधे परं कार्यम् P.I.4.2; विरोधा विप्रतिषेधः । यत्र द्वौ प्रसंगावन्यार्थावेक- स्मिन् प्राप्नुतः सः विप्रतिषेधः Kāśikā; see Mbh. also. -4 Prohibition. विप्रति viprati (ती tī) सारः sārḥ विप्रति (ती) सारः 1 Repentance; प्रापि चेतसि सविप्रति- सारे सुभ्रुवामवसरः सरकेण Śi.1.2. -2 Anger, rage, wrath. -3 Wickedness, evil. | | | viplava | विप्लव a. Perflexed, confused; मुमूर्षूणां हि मन्दात्मन्ननु स्युर्विप्लवा गिरः Bhāg.7.8.12. -वः 1 Floating or drifting about, floating in different directions. -2 Opposition, contrariety. -3 Confusion, perplexity. -4 Tumult, scuffle, affray; M.1. -5 Devastation, predatory warfare, danger from an enemy. -6 Extortion. -7 Loss, destruction; सत्त्वविप्लवात् R.8.41; तद्वाग्विसर्गो जनताघविप्लवः Bhāg.1.5. 11. -8 Adverseness, evil turn; अथवा मम भाग्यविल्पवात् R. 8.47. -9 The rust on a mirror (dust accumulating on its surface); अपवर्जितविप्लवे शुचौ ... मतिरादर्श इवाभिदृश्यते Ki.2.26 (where विप्लव also means प्रमाणबाधः 'absence of reasoning'). -1 Transgression, violation; गुरूपदिष्टेन रिपौ सुते$पि वा निहन्ति दण्डेन स धर्मविप्लवम् Ki.1.13. -11 An evil, a calamity. -12 Sin, wickedness, sinfulness. -13 Terrifying an enemy by shouts and gestures. -14 Divulging, making public. -15 Profanation of the Veda by unseasonable study. -16 Shipwreck. | | | viplāvanam | विप्लावनम् Abusing, reviling. | | | vibhāṣ | विभाष् 1 Ā. 1 To lay down as an optional rule. -2 To abuse, revile, defame, censure. | | | vimārgaḥ | विमार्गः 1 A bad road. -2 A wrong road, evil conduct or course, immorality. -3 A broom. -Comp. -गा an unchaste woman; विमार्गगायाश्च रुचिः स्वकान्ते Bv.1. 125. -गामिन्, -प्रस्थित a. following evil courses; नियम- यसि विमार्गप्रस्थितानात्तदण्डः Ś.5.8. -दृष्टि a. looking in a wrong direction; Suśr. | | | viheṭhakaḥ | विहेठकः 1 An injurer. -2 A reviler, calumniator; अतीवरूपसंपन्नो न कंचिदवमन्यते । अतीवजल्पन् दुर्वाचो भवतीह विहेठकः ॥ Mb.1.74.89. | | | vṛttiḥ | वृत्तिः f. [वृत्-क्तिन्] 1 Being, existence. -2 Abiding, remaining, attitude, being in a particular state; as in विरुद्धवृत्ति, विपक्षवृत्ति &c. -3 State, condition; त्रयीं तिस्रो वृत्तीस्त्रिभुवनमथो त्रीनपि सुरान् Śiva-mahimna 27. -4 Action, movement, function, operation; शतैस्तमक्ष्णामनिमेषवृत्तिभिः R.3.43; Ku.3.73; उत्पक्ष्मणोर्नयनयोरुपरुद्धवृत्तिम् (बाष्पम्) Ś.4. 15. -5 Course, method; विनयवारितवृत्तिः Ś.2.12. -6 Conduct, behaviour, course of conduct, mode of action; कुरु प्रियसखीवृत्तं सपत्नीजने Ś.4.18; Me.8; वैतसी वृत्तिः, बकवृत्तिः &c. -7 Profession, occupation, business, employment, mode of leading life (often at the end of comp.); आश्रमांश्च यथासंख्यमसृजत् सहवृत्तिभिः Bhāg.3.12.41; वार्धके मुनिवृत्तीनाम् R.1.8; Ś.5.6; Pt.3.126. -3 Livelihood, maintenance, means of subsistence or livelihood; oft. in com.; सिंहत्वमङ्कागतसत्त्ववृत्तिः R.2.38; Ś.7.12; स्वयं- विशीर्णद्रुमपर्णवृत्तिता Ku.5.28; (for the several means of subsistence, see Ms.4.4-6.) -9 Wages, hire. -1 Cause of activity. -11 Respectful treatment; ब्रह्मचारिणः... आचार्ये प्राणान्तिकी च वृत्तिः Kau. A.1.3; त्रिष्वप्रमाद्यन्नेतेषु त्रील्लँोकांश्च विजेष्यसि । पितृवृत्या त्विमं लोकं मातृवृत्त्या तथा परम् ॥ Mb.12.18.8. -12 Gloss, commentary, exposition; सद्वृत्तिः सन्निबन्धना Śi.2.112; काशिकावृत्तिः &c. -13 Revolving, turning round. -14 The circumference of a wheel or circle. -15 (In gram.) A complex formation requiring resolution or explanation. -16 The power or force of a word by which it expresses, indicates, or suggests a meaning; (these are three अभिधा, लक्षणा and व्यञ्जना q. q. v. v.); general character or force of a word; भ्रमयत भारती त उरुवृत्तिभिरुक्थजडान् Bhāg.1.87.36. -17 A style in composition (these are four; कौ(कै)शिकी, भारती, सात्वती and आरभटी q. q. v. v.); शृङ्गारे कैशिकी वीरे सात्वत्यारभटी पुनः । रसे रौद्रे च बीभत्से वृत्तिः सर्वत्र भारती । चतस्रो वृत्तयो ह्येताः सर्वनाठ्यस्य मातृकाः ॥ S. D. -18 Customary allowance. -19 Manner of thinking. -Comp. -अनुप्रासः a kind of alliteration; see K. P.9. -अर्थम् ind. for the sake of subsistence; यो$ध्यापयति वृत्यर्थमुपाध्यायः स उच्यते Ms.2.141. -उपायः a means of subsistence; यजनाध्यापन- प्रतिग्रहा ब्राह्मणस्यैव वृत्त्युपायाः ŚB. on MS.12.4.36; सर्वेषां ब्राह्मणो विद्याद् वृत्त्युपायान् यथाविधि Ms.1.2. -कर्षित a. badly off or distressed for want of livelihood; क्षत्रियं चैव वैश्यं च ब्राह्मणो वृत्तिकर्षितौ [विमृयात्] Ms.8.411. -चक्रम् the wheel of state; स्वामिसेवकयोरेवं वृत्तिचक्रं प्रवर्तते Pt.1.81. -छेदः deprivation of the means of subsistence. -पक्षः (Mīmāṁsā) the case of a complex formation; वृत्तिपक्षे च समासस्य नित्यत्वात् ŚB. on MS.1.6.4. -भङ्गः, -वैकल्यम् want of a livelihood; वृत्तिभङ्गान्महीपालं त्यक्त्वा यान्ति सुसेवकाः Pt.1.153. -भाज् a. doing usual things (good and evil); कर्तृता तदुपलम्भतो$भवद्वृत्तिभाजि करणे यथ- र्त्विजि Śi.14.19. -मूलम् provision for maintenance. -लाभः (in phil.) ascertainment of the concurrent. -हेतुः = वृत्तिमूलम् q. v.; न लोकवृत्तं वर्तेत वृत्तिहेतोः कथंचन Ms.4.11. -स्थ a. 1 being in any state or employment. -2 well-conducted, of good behaviour. (-स्थः) a lizard, chameleon. | | | vetālaḥ | वेतालः 1 A kind of ghost, a goblin, vampire; particularly a ghost occupying a dead body; नाहमात्म- नाशाय वेतालोत्थापनं करिष्यामि 'I shall not raise a devil for my own destruction'; Māl.5.23; Śi.2.6. -2 A doorkeeper. -Comp. -पञ्चविंशतिः, -तिका a collection of 25 fables told by a Vetāla to king Vikramāditya. -साधनम् securing (the favour of) a Vetāla. | | | vaikṛta | वैकृत a. (-ती f.) 1 Changed. -2 Modified. -3 Relating to Sattva (सात्त्विक); Bhāg.11.24.8. -3 Disfigured; यदि मन्त्राङ्गहीनो$यं यज्ञो भवति वैकृतः Mb.12.272. 1. -4 Not natural. -तम् [विकृतस्य भावः अण्] 1 Change, alteration, modification. -2 Aversion, disgust, loathing. -3 Change in state, appearance &c., disfigurement; उदडीयत वैकृतात् करग्रहजादस्य विकस्वरस्वरैः N.2.5; वैकृतं त्वग्निहोत्रे स लक्षयित्वा महातपाः Mb.3.137.3. -4 A portent, any event foreboding evil; तत् प्रतीपपवनादि वैकृतं प्रेक्ष्य R.11.62. -5 Fraud, cheating (कपट); Mb.3.149.15. -6 Agitation. -तः = अहंकारः q. v. -Comp. -विवर्तः a woeful plight, miserable condition, suffering; वैकृतविवर्तदारुणः Māl.1.39. | | | vyatīpātaḥ | व्यतीपातः 1 Total departure, complete deviation. -2 Any great portentous calamity, or a portent foreboding a great calamity. -3 Disrespect, contempt. -4 The seventeenth of the astronomical Yogas. -5 The day of full-moon (when it falls on a Monday.) -6 A malignant or evil aspect of the sun and moon (considered to be inauspicious for the performance of any action). | | | vyasanam | व्यसनम् 1 Casting away, dispelling. -2 Separating, dividing. -3 Violation, infraction; शीलव्यसनमेतत्ते नाभिजाना- म्यहं पुरा Rām.2.12.57; Ki.3.45. -4 Loss, destruction, defeat, fall; defection, weak point; अमात्यव्यसनम् Pt.3; स्वबलव्यसने Ki.13.15; Śi.2.57. -5 (a) A calamity, misfortune, distress, evil, disaster, ill-luck; अज्ञातभर्तृव्यसना मुहूर्तं कृतोपकारेव रतिर्बभूव Ku.3.73;4.3; R.12.57. (b) Adversity, need; स सुहृद् व्यसने यः स्यात् Pt.1.327 'a friend in need is a friend indeed'. -6 Setting (as of the sun &c.); तेजोद्वयस्य युगपद् व्यसनोदयाभ्याम् Ś.4.1 (where व्यसन means 'a fall' also). -7 Vice, bad practice, evil habit; मिथ्यैव व्यसनं वदन्ति मृगयामीदृग् विनोदः कुतः Ś.2.5; R.18.14; Y.1.31; (these vices are usually said to be ten; see Ms.7.47-48); समानशीलव्यसनेषु सख्यम् Subhāṣ. -8 Close or intent application, assiduous devotion; विद्यायां व्यसनम् Bh.2.62,63. -9 Inordinate addiction. -1 Crime, sin. -11 Punishment. -12 Inability, incompetency. -13 Fruitless effort. -14 Air, wind. -15 Individuality. -Comp. -अतिभारः heavy calamity or distress; सा मुक्तकण्ठं व्यसनातिभारात् (चक्रन्द) R.14.68. -अन्वित, -आर्त, -पीडित a. overtaken by calamity, involved in distress. -आवापः an abode of calamity; व्यसनावाप एतस्मिन् पतितानां स्वकर्मभिः Bhāg.4.22.13. -कालः time of need. -प्रहारिन् a. 1 hurting, attacking, giving trouble. -2 striking (an enemy) in his weak point. -ब्रह्मचारिन् a fellow-sufferer. -वर्गः an aggregate of calamities; प्रकृतिव्यसनवर्गः Kau. A.7. -संस्थित a. one who indulges in any whim. | | | vyākośa | व्याकोश (ष) a. 1 Expanded, blown, blossomed; व्याकोशकोकनदतां दधते नलिन्यः Śi.4.46. -2 Developed; विवेकव्याकोशे विकसति शमे शाम्यति तृषा Bh.3.17. व्याक्रोशः vyākrōśḥ व्याक्रोशी vyākrōśī व्याक्रोशः व्याक्रोशी Abusing, reviling; विहन्तुं व्याक्रोशीं विदधत इहैके जडधियः Śiva-Mahimna 4. | | | śaṃs | शंस् 1 P. (शंसति, शस्त; pass. शस्यते) 1 To praise, extol, approve of; साधु साध्विति भूतानि शशंसुर्मारुतात्मजम् Rām.; संन्यासं कर्मणां कृष्ण पुनर्योगं च शंससि Bg.5.1. -2 To tell, relate, express, declare, communicate, announce, report (with dat. or sometimes gen. of person or by itself); शशंस सीतापरिदेवनान्तमनुष्ठितं शासनमग्रजाय R.14.83; न मे ह्रिया शंसति किंचिदीप्सितम् 3.5;2.68;4.72;9.77; 11.84; Ku.3.6;5.51. -3 To indicate, bespeak, show; यः (अशोकः) सावज्ञो माधवश्रीनियोगे पुष्पैः शंसत्यादरं त्वत्प्रयत्ने M.5.8; Ki.5.23; Ku.2.22. -4 To repeat, recute; ओमिति शंसति Ch. Up.1.1.9. -5 To hurt, injure. -6 To revile, traduce. -7 To praise in ऋक् verse not made of grains (पुरोडाश). -मुखः a surgical instrument (resembling a grain of rice). -राजिकम् panic seed (= कङ्गू q. v.). -वापम् Sowing rice. -श्रेष्ठः a kind of rice (शालिधान्य). | | | śakunaḥ | शकुनः [शक्-उनन् Uṇ.3.49] 1 A bird (in general); केनेदृशी जातु परा हि दृष्टा वागुच्यमाना शकुनेन संस्कृता Mb.3. 197.11; शकुनोच्छिष्टम् Y.1.168. -2 A kind of bird, a vulture or kite. -3 A kind of song (sung at festivals). -नम् 1 An omen, a prognostic, any omen presaging good or evil, अशकुनेन स्खलितः किलेतरो$पि Śi.9.83. -2 An auspicious omen. -Comp. -ज्ञ a. knowing omens. (-ज्ञा) a small house-lizard. -ज्ञानम् knowledge of omens, augury. -शास्त्रम् 'the science of omens', N. of a work. | | | śap | शप् 1, 4 U. (शपति-ते, शप्यति-ते, शप्त) 1 To curse, execrate; अशपद् भव मानुषीति ताम् R.8.8; सो$भूत् परासुरथ भूमिपतिं शशाप (वृद्धः) 9.78;1.77. -2 To swear, take an oath, promise by oath, say on oath, (usually with dat. of the person to whom a promise &c. is made and instr. of the object by which it is made); भरतेनात्मना चाहं शपे ते मनुजाधिप । यथा नान्येन तुष्येयमृते रामविवासनात् ॥ Rām.; when used without an object it generally governs the instr. of the thing and dat. of the person by which or whom the oath is taken; सत्यं शपामि ते पादपङ्कजस्पर्शेन K.; Gha&ttod.22; अशप्त निह्नुवाना$सौ सीतायै स्मरमोहितः Bk.8.74; प्रेम जिज्ञासमानाभ्यस्ताभ्यो$शप्सत कामिनः 8.33; sometimes शप् governs a cognate accusative; सहस्रशो$सौ शपथानशप्यत् Bk.3.32; Ms.8.11. -3 To blame, scold, revile, abuse (with dat. or by itself); द्विषद्भ्यश्चा- शपंस्तथा Bk.17.4; प्रतिवाचमदत्त केशवः शपमानाय न चेदिभूभुजे Śi.16.25. -Caus. (शापयति-ते) 1 To bind by an oath, conjure; शापितो$सि गोब्राह्मणकाम्यया Mk.3; शापितासि मम लवाङ्गकावलोकितयोश्च जीवितेन यदि वाचा न कथयसि M&amar;l.8. -2 To cause any one (acc.) to swear by (instr.); सत्येन शापयेद्विप्रं क्षत्रियं वाहनायुधैः Ms.8.113. | | | śapanam | शपनम् 1 See शपथः, वृथा हि शपनं कुर्वन् प्रेत्य चेह च नश्यति Ms.8.111. -2 Reviling, abuse. | | | śapta | शप्त p. p. 1 Cursed; निशम्य शप्तमतदर्हं नरेन्द्रम् Bhāg.1. 18.41. -2 Sworn. -3 Reviled, abused; (see शप्). | | | śāntiḥ | शान्तिः f. [शम्-क्तिन्] 1 Pacification, allayment, alleviation, removal; अध्वरविघातशान्तये R.11.1,62. -2 Calmness, tranquillity, quiet, ease, rest, repose; स्मर संस्मृत्य न शान्तिरस्ति मे Ku.4.17; शान्तिः कुतस्तस्य भुजङ्गशत्रोः Māl.6.1; यत् किंचिद् वस्तु संप्राप्य स्वल्पं वा यदि वा वहु । या तुष्टि- र्जायते चित्ते सा शान्तिः कथ्यते बुधैः ॥ Padma P. -3 Cessation of hostility; सर्पस्य शान्तिः कुटिलस्य मैत्री विधातृसृष्टौ न हि दृष्टपूर्वा Bv.1.125. -4 Cessation, stop. -5 Absence of passion, quietism, complete indifference to all worldly enjoyments; तदुपहितकुटुम्बः शांन्तिमार्गोत्सुको$भूत् R.7.71. -6 Consolation, solace. -7 Settlement of differences, reconciliation. -8 Satisfaction of hunger. -9 An expiatory rite, a propitiatory rite for averting evil; शान्तयश्चापि वर्धन्तां यथाकल्पं यथाविधि Rām.1.8.16. -1 Good fortune, felicity, auspiciousness. -11 Exculpation or absolution from blame. -12 Preservation. -13 N. of Durgā. -14 Destruction, end, death. -Comp. -उदम्, -उदकम्, -जलम् soothing or propitiatory water; अहमपि वैतानिकं शान्त्युदकमस्यै गौतमीहस्ते विसर्जयिष्यामि Ś.3. -कर, -कारिन् a. soothing, pacifying. -कर्मन् any action of averting evil. -गृहम् a room for rest or retirement. -मार्गः the life peaceful and leading to मोक्ष; तदुपहितकुटुम्बः शान्तिमार्गोत्सुको$भूत् R.7.71. -वाचनम् reciting of a text for averting evil. -सलिलम् propitiatory water. -होमः a sacrifice or burnt offering to avert or remove an evil; सावित्राञ्छान्तिहोमांश्च कुर्यात् पर्वसु नित्यशः Ms. 4.15. | | | śubha | शुभ a. [शुभ्-क] 1 Shining, bright. -2 Beautiful, handsome; जङ्घे शुभे सृष्टवतस्तदीये Ku.1.35. -3 Auspicious, lucky, happy, fortunate. -4 Eminent, good, virtuous; येन केनाप्युपायेन शुभेनाप्यशुभेन वा उद्धरेद्दीनमात्मानम् Pt.1.358. -5 Learned, versed in the Vedas. -भः 1 N. of a yoga; L. D. B. -2 The Almighty (अज); L. D. B. -3 Water. -4 A he-goat. -भम् 1 Auspiciousness, welfare, good fortune, happiness, good prosperity; प्रायः शुभं च विदधात्यशुभं च जन्तोः सर्वंकषा भगवती भवितव्यतैव Māl.1.23. -2 An ornament. -3 Water. -4 A kind of fragrant wood. -Comp. -अक्षः an epithet of Śiva. -अङ्ग a. handsome. (-ङ्गी) 1 a handsome woman. -2 N. of Rati, wife of Cupid. -3 N. of the wife of Kubera. -अपाङ्गा a beautiful woman. -अशुभम् weal and woe, good and evil. -आचार a. virtuous. -आनना a handsome woman. -आवह a. tending to welfare, conducive to good. -इतर a. 1 evil, bad. -2 inauspicious. -उदर्क a. having a happy end. -कर a. auspicious, propitious. -कर्मन् n. 1 a virtuous act. -2 an honourable occupation. -ग a. 1 elegant, graceful. -2 propitious, fortunate. -गन्धकम् gum-myrrh. -ग्रहः an auspicious planet. -जानि a. having a beautiful wife; P.V.4.134 com. -द a. auspicious; गङ्गाष्टकं पठति यः प्रयतः प्रभाते वाल्मीकिना विरचितं शुभदं मनुष्यः । Gaṅgāṣṭakam 9. -दः the sacred fig-tree. -दन्ती a woman with good teeth. -दर्श, -दर्शन a. beautiful; ददर्श पम्पां शुभदर्शकाननाम् Rām.3. 75.3. -मङ्गलम् good luck, welfare; मङ्गलानि महाबाहो दिशन्तु शुभमङ्गलम् Rām.2.25.36. -लग्नः, -ग्नम् a lucky or auspicious moment. -वार्ता good news. -वासनः perfume for the mouth. -शंसिन् a. presaging good, indicative of auspiciousness; बभूव सर्वं शुभशंसि तत् क्षणम् R.3.14. -सूत्रम् a maṅgala-sūtra worn by married ladies round their necks; सुदृशः शुभसूत्रबन्धनं कृतवान् शाहविभुस्तदा Śāhendra. 2.66. -स्थली 1 a hall in which sacrifices are performed. -2 an auspicious place. | | | saṃsargaḥ | संसर्गः 1 Commixture, junction, union. -2 Contact, company, association, society; न संसर्गं व्रजेत् सद्भिः प्राय- श्चित्ते$कृते द्विजः Ms.11.47; संसर्गमुक्तिः खलेषु Bh.2.62; Ś.1.3. Proximity, touch. -4 Intercourse, familiarity. -5 Copulation, sexual union; नानागन्धर्वमिथुनैः पानसंसर्गकर्कशैः Rām.4.67.45; प्रत्याहारेण संसर्गान् ध्यानेनानी- श्वरान् गुणान् Ms.6.72. -6 Co-existence, intimate relation. -7 Confusion. -8 A particular conjunction of celestial bodies. -9 A particular combination of two humours which produces diseases. -1 Point of intersection. -11 Duration; Mb.3. -Comp. -अभावः one of the two main kinds of non-existence, relative non-existence, which is of three kinds; प्रागभाव antecedent, प्रध्वंसाभाव emergent, and अन्यन्ताभाव absolute, non-existence. -दोषः the fault or evil consequences resulting from association, especially with bad people. -विद्या 1 learning by social intercourse; Kau. A.1.12. -2 Social science. | | | sat | सत् a. (-ती f.) 1 Being, existing, existent; सन्तः स्वतः प्रकाशन्ते गुणा न परतो नृणाम् Bv.1.12; सत्कल्पवृक्षे वने Ś.7.12. -2 Real, essential, true; Bṛi. Up.2.3.1. -3 Good, virtuous, chaste; सती सती योगविसृष्टदेहा Ku.1. 21; Ś.5.17. -4 Noble, worthy, high; as in सत्कुलम्. -5 Right, proper. -6 Best, excellent. -7 Venerable, respectable. -8 Wise, learned. -9 Handsome, beautiful. -1 Firm, steady. -m. A good or virtuous man, a sage; आदानं हि विसर्गाय सतां वारिमुचामिव R.4.86; अविरतं परकार्यकृतां सतां मधुरिमातिशयेन वचो$मृतम् Bv.1.113; Bh.2. 78; R.1.1. -n. 1 That which really exists, entity, existence, essence. -2 The really existent truth, reality. -3 Good; as in सदसत् q. v. -4 Brahman or the Supreme Spirit. -5 Ved. Water. -6 The primary cause (कारण); य ईक्षिता$हं रहितो$प्यसत्सतोः Bhāg.1.38.11. -7 (In gram.) The termination of the present participle. (सत्कृ means 1 to respect, treat with respect, receive hospitably. -2 to honour, worship, adore. -3 to adorn.) -Comp. -अञ्जनम् (सदञ्जनम्) calx of brass. -अर्थः (सदर्थः) a matter in question. -असत् (सदसत्) a. 1 existent and non-existent, being and not being. -2 real and unreal. -3 true and false. -4 good and bad, right and wrong. -5 virtuous and wicked. (-n. du.) 1 entity and non-entity. -2 good and evil, right and wrong. ˚विवेकः discrimination between good and evil, or truth and falsehood. ˚व्यक्तिहेतुः the cause of discrimination between the good and bad; तं सन्तः श्रोतुमर्हन्ति सदसद्व्यक्तिहेतवः R.1.1. -आचारः (सदाचारः) 1 good manners, virtuous of moral conduct. -2 approved usage, traditionary observances, immemorial custom; यस्मिन् देशे य आचारः पारंपर्यक्रमागतः । वर्णानां सान्तरालानां स सदाचार उच्यते ॥ Ms.2.18. -आत्मन् a. (सदात्मन्) virtuous, good. -आनन (सदानन) a. fair-faced. -उत्तरम् (सदुत्तरम्) a proper or good reply. -करणम् funeral obsequies. -कर्तृ m. an epithet of Viṣṇu. -कर्मन् n. 1 a virtuous or pious act. -2 virtue, piety. -3 funeral obsequies. -4 expiation. -5 hospitality. -काण्डः a hawk, kite. -कारः 1 a kind or hospitable treatment, hospitable reception; सत्कारमानपूजार्थं तपो दम्भेन चैव यत् । क्रियते तदिह प्रोक्तं राजसं चलमध्रुवम् ॥ Bg.17.18. -2 reverence, respect. -3 care, attention. -4 a meal. -5 a festival, religious observance. -कार्यम् (in Sāṁkhya phil.) the necessary existence of an effect. ˚वाद the doctrine of the actual existence of an effect (in its cause). -कुल a good or noble family. -कुलीन a. nobly born, of noble descent. -कृत a. 1 done well or properly. -2 hospitably received or treated. -3 revered, respected, honoured. -4 worshipped. adored. -5 entertained. -6 welcomed. (-तः) an epithet of Śiva. (-तम्) 1 hospitality. -2 respect. -3 virtue, piety. -कृतिः f. 1 treating with respect, hospitality, hospitable reception. -2 virtue, morality. -क्रिया 1 virtue, goodness; शकुन्तला मूर्तिमती च सत्क्रिया Ś.5.15. -2 charity, good or virtuous action. -3 hospitality, hospitable reception; सत्क्रियाविशेषात् Ś.7. -4 courtesy, salutation. -5 any purificatory ceremony. -6 funeral ceremonies, obsequies. -7 Celebration, decoration; यावदादिशति पार्थिवस्तयोर्निर्गमाय पुरमार्गसत्क्रियाम् R.11.3. -गतिः f. (-सद्गतिः) 1 a good or happy state, felicity, beatitude. -2 The way of good men. -गुण a. (सद्गुण) possessed of good qualities, virtuous, (-णः) virtue, excellence, goodness, good quality. -घनः (सद्घनः) holy existence. -2 nothing but existence. -चरित, -चरित्र a. (सच्चरित-त्र) well conducted, honest, virtuous, righteous; सूनुः सच्चरितः Bh.2.25. (-n.) 1 good of virtuous conduct. -2 history or account of the good; Ś.1. -चारा (सच्चारा) turmeric. -चिद् (सच्चिद्) the Supreme Spirit. ˚अंशः a portion of existence and thought. ˚आत्मन् m. the soul consisting of entity and thought. ˚आनन्दः 1 'existence or entity, knowledge and joy'; an epithet of the Supreme Spirit or Brahman. -2 of Viṣṇu. -जन a. (सज्जन) good, virtuous, respectable. (-नः) a good or virtuous man. ˚गर्हित despised by the virtuous; पुक्कस्यां जायते पापः सदा सज्जनगर्हितः Ms.1. 38. -धर्मः (सद्धर्मः) true justice. -पतिः Ved. 1 a lord of good persons or heroes. -2 N. of Indra. -पत्रम् the new leaf of a water-lily. -पथः 1 a good road. -2 the right path of duty, correct or virtuous conduct. -3 an orthodox doctrine. -परिग्रहः acceptance (of gifts) from a proper person. -पशुः a victim fit for a sacrifice, a good sacrificial victim. -पात्रम् a worthy or virtuous person. ˚वर्षः bestowing favours on worthy recipients, judicious liberality. ˚वर्षिन् a. having judicious liberality. -पुत्रः 1 a good or virtuous son. -2 a son who performs all the prescribed rites in honour of his ancestors. -a. one who has a son; यद्यपि स्यात्तु सत्पुत्रो$प्यसत्पुत्रो$पि वा भवेत् Ms.9.154. -प्रतिपक्षः (in logic) one of the five kinds of hetvābhāsas or fallacious hetus, a counterbalanced hetu, one along which there exists another equal hetu on the opposite side; यत्र साध्याभावसाधकं हेत्वन्तरं स सत्प्रति- पक्षः; e. g. 'sound is eternal because it is audible'; and also 'sound is non-eternal, because it is a product'; नाप्रामाण्यं मतानां स्यात् केषां सत्प्रतिपक्षवत् N.17.19. -प्रमुदिता (in Sāṁkhya phil.) N. of one of the 8 perfections. -भाग्यम् (सद्भाग्यम्) 1 good fortune. -2 Felicity. -फलः the pomegranate tree. -भावः (सद्भावः) 1 existence, being, entity; सद्भावे साधुभावे च सदित्येतत् प्रयुज्यते Bg.17.26. -2 actual existence, reality. -3 good disposition or nature, amiability. -4 quality of goodness. -5 obtainment (प्राप्ति); देहस्यान्यस्य सद्भावे प्रसादं कर्तुमर्हसि Rām.7.56.9. -मातुरः (सन्मातुरः) the son of a virtuous mother. -मात्रः (सन्मात्रः) 'consisting of mere entity', the soul. -मानः (सन्मानः) esteem of the good. -मित्रम् (सन्मित्रम्) a good or faithful friend. -युवतिः f. (सद्युवतिः) a virtuous maiden. -वंश (सद्वंश) a. of high birth. -वचस् n. (सद्वचस्) an agreeable or pleasing speech. -वस्तु n. (सद्वस्तु) 1 a good thing. -2 a good plot or story; प्रणयिषु वा दाक्षिण्यादथवा सद्वस्तुपुरुषबहुमानात् । शृणुत मनोभिरवहितैः क्रियामिमां कालिदासस्य ॥ V.1.2. -वादिता (सद्वादिता) true counsel; सद्वादितेवाभिनिविष्टबुद्धौ Ki.17.11. -विद्य (सद्विद्य) welleducated, having good learning. -वृत्त a. (सद्वृत्त) 1 wellbehaved, well conducted, virtuous, upright. -2 perfectly circular, well-rounded; सद्वृत्तः स्तनमण्डलस्तव कथं प्राणै- र्मम क्रीडति Gīt.3 (where both senses are intended). (-त्तम्) 1 good or virtuous conduct. -2 an agreeable or amiable disposition. -शील (सच्छील) a. 1 good tempered. -2 benevolent, kindly disposed (towards others). -संसर्गः, -संनिधानम्, -संगः, -संगतिः, -समागमः company or society of the good, association with the good; तथा सत्संनिधानेन मूर्खो याति प्रवीणताम् H.1; सत्संगजानि निधनान्यपि तारयन्ति U.2.11; सत्संगतिः कथय किं न करोति पुंसाम् Bh.2.23. -संप्रदायः good tradition. -संप्रयोगः right application. -सहाय a. having virtuous friends. (-यः) a good companion. -सार a. having good sap or essence. (-रः) 1 a kind of tree. -2 a poet. -3 a painter. -हेतुः (सद्धेतुः) a faultless or valid hetu or middle term. | | | sattvam | सत्त्वम् [सतो भावः] (Said to be m. also in the first ten senses) 1 Being, existence, entity. -2 Nature, essence. -3 Natural character, inborn disposition; अच्योष्ट सत्त्वान्नृपतिश्च्युताशः Bk.3.2. -4 Life, spirit, breath, vitality, principle of vitality; उद्गतानीव सत्त्वानि बभूवुरमनस्विनाम् Rām.2.48.2; चित्रे निवेश्य परिकल्पित- सत्त्वयोगा Ś.2.1. -5 Consciousness, mind, sense; वाक्च सत्वं च गोविन्द बुद्धौ संवेशितानि ते Mb.12.46.4; Bg.16.1; Bhāg.7.15.41. -6 An embryo. -7 Substance, thing, wealth. -8 An elementary substance such as earth, air, fire &c. -9 (also m.) A living or sentient being, animal, beast; वन्यान् विनेष्यन्निव दुष्टसत्त्वान् R.2.8;15.15; किं नो$पत्यनिर्विशेषाणि सत्वानि विप्रकरोषि Ś7; Māl.9; यश्चासूनपि संत्यजेत् करुणया सत्त्वार्थमभ्युद्यतः Nāg.2.1. -1 An evil spirit, a demon, ghost; अद्य नूनं दशरथः सत्त्वमाविश्य भाषते Rām.2.33.1. -11 Goodness, virtue, excellence. -12 Truth, reality, certainty. -13 Strength, energy, courage, vigour, power, inherent power, the stuff of which a person is made; निजमेव सत्त्वमुपकारि साम् Ki.18. 14; Mb.12.313.17; क्रियासिद्धिः सत्त्वे भवति महतां नोपकरणे Subhāṣ.; R.5.31; Mu.3.22. -14 Wisdom, good sense. -15 The quality of goodness or purity regarded as the highest of the three Guṇas q. v.; (it is said to predominate most in gods and heavenly beings). -16 A natural property or quality, characteristic. -17 A noun, substantive. -18 Intellect (बुद्धि); अघ्राणमवितर्कं च सत्त्वं प्रविशते परम् Mb.12.24.18. -19 The subtle body of individual soul (लिङ्गशरीर); गृहाणीव हि मर्त्यानामाहुर्देहानि पण्डिताः । कालेन विनियुज्यन्ते सत्त्वमेकं तु शाश्वतम् ॥ Mb.11.3.8. -Comp. -अनुरूप a. 1 according to one's inborn disposition or inherent character; सर्वः कृच्छ्रगतो$पि वाञ्छति जनः सत्त्वानुरूपं फलम् Bh.2.3. -2 according to one's means or wealth; सत्त्वानुरूपाहरणीकृतश्रीः R.7.32. (Malli's interpretation does not appear to suit the context). -आत्मन् m. the individual soul (लिङ्गदेह); वशे तिष्ठति सत्त्वात्मा सततं योगयोगिनाम् Mb.12.253.6. -उत्साहः 1 natural energy. -2 energy and courage. -उद्रेकः 1 excess of the quality of goodness. -2 pre-eminence in strength or courage. -गुणः the quality of purity or goodness. -तनुः epithet of Viṣṇu; श्रेयांसि तत्र खलु सत्त्वतनोर्नृणां स्युः Bhāg.1.2.23. -धातुः the animal sphere. -धामन् epithet of Viṣṇu. -योगः 1 dignity; Kau. A.1.9. -2 association with life; चित्रे निवेश्य परिकल्पितसत्त्वयोगा Ś.2.1. -लक्षणम् signs of pregnancy; तत्कथमिमामभिव्यक्तसत्त्वलक्षणां ... प्रतिपत्स्ये Ś.5. -लोकः a world of living beings. -विप्लवः loss of consciousness. -विहित 1 caused by nature. -2 caused by goodness. -3 virtuous, upright. -संशुद्धिः f. purity or uprightness of nature; अभयं सत्त्वसंशुद्धिः Bg.16.1. -संपन्न a. 1 endowed with goodness, virtuous. -2 equable, evenminded. -संप्लवः 1 loss of strength or vigour. -2 universal destruction. -सारः 1 essence of strength. -2 a very powerful person. -स्थ a. 1 being in the nature of things. -2 inherent in animals. -3 animate. -4 characterized by goodness, good, excellent. -स्थः a Yogi; कर्मस्था विषयं ब्रूयुः सत्त्वस्था समदर्शिनः Mb.12.238.6. | | | saṃtarjanam | संतर्जनम् Threatening, reviling. | | | saptan | सप्तन् num. a. (always pl.; सप्त nom. and acc.) Seven. -Comp. -अंशुः N. of Agni. -अंशुपुङ्गवः the planet Saturn. -अङ्ग a. see सप्तप्रकृति below. -अर्चिस् a. 1 having seven tongues or flames. -2 evil-eyed, of inauspicious look. (-m.) 1 N. of fire. -2 of Saturn. -3 the Chitraka plant. -अशीतिः f. eighty-seven. -अश्रम् a heptagon. -अश्वः the sun; नप्ता सप्ताश्वसंनिभः Śiva B. 25.45. ˚वाहनः the sun. -अस्र a. septangular. -अहः seven days, i. e. a week. -आत्मन् m. an epithet of Brahman. -ऋषि (सप्तर्षि) m. pl. 1 the seven sages; i. e. मरीचि, अत्रि, अङ्गिरस्, पुलस्त्य, पुलह, क्रतु, and वसिष्ठ. -2 the constellation called Ursa Major (the seven stars of which are said to be the seven sages mentioned above). -कोण a. septangular. -गङ्गम् ind. in the place of the seven streams of the Ganges. -गुण a. seven-fold. -चत्वारिंशत् f. forty-seven. -च्छदः N. of a tree (Mar. सातवीण); गजाश्च सप्तच्छद- दानगन्धिनः Karṇabhāra 1.11. -जिह्वः, -ज्वालः fire. (the seven tongues are काली, कराली, मनोजवा, सुलोहिता, सुधूम्रवर्णा, उग्रा and प्रदीप्ता). -तन्तुः a sacrifice; सप्ततन्तु- मधिगन्तुमिच्छतः Śi.14.6; पुनः प्रवर्तयिष्यामि सप्ततन्त्वादिकाः क्रियाः Śiva B.5.56; विधये सप्ततन्तूनाम् ibid.18.23. cf. note on N.11.1. -त्रिंशत् f. thirty-seven. -दशन् a. seventeen. ˚अरत्निन्यायः A rule of interpretation according to which an ｅxpression, if it is found to be inapplicable to the matter or thing with reference to which it is used, should be taken as being connected with or applying to a part or subsidiary thereof. This mode of construing an ｅxpression (in its literal sense) is preferable to लक्षणा. This rule is discussed and established by जैमिनि and शबर in the सूत्र 'आनर्थक्यात् तदङ्गेषु' MS.3.1.18 and भाष्या thereon. -दाधितिः N. of fire. -द्वारावकीर्ण a. dominated or affected by the seven gates (5 organs, mind and intellect); सप्तद्वाराकीर्णां च न वाचमनृतां वदेत् Ms.6.48 (see Kull.). -द्वीपा an epithet of the earth; पुरा सप्तद्वीपां जयति वसुधामप्रतिरथः Ś.7.33. -धातु m. pl. the seven constituent elements of the body; i. e. chyle, blood, flesh, fat, bone, marrow, and semen; (रसास्रमांस- मेदो$स्थिमज्जानः शुक्रसंयुताः). -नली birdlime. -नवतिः f. ninetyseven. -नाडीचक्रम् a kind of astrological diagram used as a means of foretelling rain. -पदी the seven steps at a marriage (the bride and bridegroom walk together seven steps, after which the marriage becomes irrevocable). -पर्णः (so सप्तच्छदः, सप्तपत्रः) N. of a tree. (-र्णी) the sensitive plant. -पातालम् the seven regions of the earth (i. e. अतल, वितल, सुतल, महातल, रसातल, तलातल and पाताल). -प्रकृतिः f. pl. the seven constituent parts of a kingdom; स्वाम्यमात्यसुहृत्कोशराष्ट्र- दुर्गबलानि च Ak.; see प्रकृति also. -भद्रः the Śirīsa tree. -भूमिक, -भौम a. seven stories high (as a palace). -मन्त्रः fire. -मातृ f. collective N. of seven mothers (i. e. ब्राह्मी, माहेश्वरी, कौमारी, वैष्णवी, वाराही, इन्द्राणी, and चामुण्डा). -मुष्टिकः a particular mixture used as a remedy for fever. -रक्तः one who has got the seven parts of the body red; (पाणिपादतले रक्ते नेत्रान्तरनखानि च । तालुकाधर- जिह्वाश्च प्रशस्ता सप्तरक्तता ॥). -रात्रम् a period of seven nights. -रुचिः fire; सप्तरुचेरिव स्फुलिङ्गाः Śi.2.53. -लोकाः the seven worlds (i. e. भूर्, भुवर्, स्वर्, महर्, जनस्, तपस्, and सत्यम्). -विंशतिः f. twentyseven. -विध a. seven-fold, of seven sorts. -शतम् 1 7. -2 17. (-ती) an aggregate or collection of 7 verses or stanzas. -शलाकः a kind of astronomical diagram used for indicating auspicious days for marriages. -शिरा betel. -सप्तिः an epithet of the sun; सर्वैरुस्रैः समग्रैस्त्वमिव नृपगुणैर्दीप्यते सप्तसप्तिः M.2.12; Ś.6.29; Ki.5.34. -स्वरः the seven musical notes (i. e. सा, रि, ग, म, प, ध, नी). | | | samāviṣṭa | समाविष्ट p. p. 1 Entered thoroughly, completely occupied, pervaded. -2 Seized, overcome, engrossed. -3 Possessed by an evil spirit. -4 Endowed with. -5 Settled, fixed, seated. -6 Well-instructed. -7 Filled with; कौतूहलसमाविष्टाः सर्व एव समागताः Rām.7.96.6. | | | samāveśaḥ | समावेशः 1 Entering or abiding together. -2 Meeting, association. -3 Inclusion, comprehension. -4 Penetration. -5 Possession by an evil spirit. -6 Passion, emotion. -7 (In gram.) Common applicability of a term. | | | suraḥ | सुरः [सुष्ठु राति ददात्यभीष्टं सु-रा-क्त] 1 A god, deity; सुराप्रतिग्रहाद् देवाः सुरा इत्यभिविश्रुताः Rām.; सुधया तर्पयते सुरान् पितॄंश्च V.3.7; R.5.16. -2 The number 'thirty-three'. -3 The sun. -4 A sage, learned man. -5 An idol. -Comp. -अङ्गना a celestial woman or damsel, an apsaras; प्रतिघाय समाधिभेदिनीं हरिरस्मै हरिणीं सुराङ्गनाम् R.8.79. -अद्रिः the mountain Meru. -अधिपः an epithet of Indra. -अध्यक्षः N. of Śiva. -अरिः 1 an enemy of gods, a demon; गतं भयं भीरु सुरारिसंभवम् V.1.6. -2 the chirp of a cricket. ˚हन् m. N. of Śiva. ˚हन्तृ N. of Viṣṇu. -अर्चनम् the worship of gods. -अर्चावेश्मन् n. a household temple, a chamber containing the idols of deities; ब्रह्मचारिपरिचारि सुरार्चावेश्म राजऋषिरेष विवेश N.21.21. -अर्हम् 1 gold. -2 saffron. -3 yellow sandal. -आचार्यः an epithet of Bṛihaspati. -आपगा 'the heavenly river', an epithet of the Ganges. -आलयः 1 the mountain Meru. -2 heaven, paradise. -3 a temple; पूर्तं सुरालयारामकूपाजीव्यादि- लक्षणम् Bhāg.7.15.49. -आश्रयः Meru. -आस्पदम् a temple. -इज्यः N. of Bṛihaspati. -इज्या the sacred basil. -इन्द्रः, -ईशः, -ईश्वरः 1 N. of Indra. -2 N. of Viṣṇu. (उपेन्द्रः); स्वर्लोकमागच्छ गतज्वरश्चिरं सुरेन्द्र गुप्तं गतदोषकल्मषम् Rām.1.15.34. ˚गोपः a cochineal. ˚जित् m. N. of Garuḍa. -इभः a celestial elephant. -इष्टः the Sāla tree. -ईशः, -ईश्वरः 1 N. of Indra. -2 of Śiva. (-री) 1 the celestial Ganges. -2 Durgā. -उत्तमः 1 the sun. -2 Indra. -उत्तरः sandal-wood. -उपम a. god-like, divine. -ऋषिः (सुरर्षिः) a divine sage. -कारुः an epithet of Viśvakarman. -कार्मुकम् rain bow. -गणः 1 N. of Śiva. -2 a host of gods. -गण्डः a kind of boil, disease. -गिरिः mount Meru. -गुरुः 1 an epithet of Bṛihaspati; धर्मः शास्त्रं सुरगुरुमतिः शौचमाचारचिन्ता सस्यैः पूर्णे जठरपिठरे प्राणिनां संभवन्ति Pt.5.97. -2 the planet Jupiter. -3 N. of Viṣṇu; ब्रह्मा सुरगुरुः स्थाणुर्मनुः कः परमेष्ठ्यथ Mb.1.1.32. -ग्रामणी m. N. of Indra. -जनः the race of gods. -ज्येष्ठः an epithet of Brahman. -तरङ्गिणी the Ganges. -तरुः a tree of paradise. -तोषकः the jewel called Kaustubha; q. v. -दारु n. the Devadāru tree. -दीर्घिका an epithet of the Ganges. -दुन्दुभी the sacred basil. -द्विपः 1 an elephant of the gods. -2 N. of Airāvata; सुरद्विपास्फालन- कर्कशाङ्गुलौ R.3.55. -द्विष् m. 1 a demon; प्रणिपत्य सुरा- स्तस्मै शमयित्रे सुरद्विषाम् R.1.15. -2 Rāhu उपस्थिता शोणित- पारणा मे सूरद्विषश्चान्द्रमसीं सुधेव R.2.39. -धनुस् n. 1 rainbow; सुरधनुरिदं दूराकृष्टं न नाम शरासनम् V.4.1. -2 kind of nail mark; स्वापराधमलुपत् पयोधरे मत्करः सुरधनुष्करस्तव N.18.134. -धुनी the Ganges. -धूपः turpentine, resin. -नदी, -निम्नगा an epithet of the Ganges. -पतिः an epithet of Indra. -पथम् the sky, heaven. -पर्वतः the mountain Meru; q. v. -पादपः a tree of paradise; such as the कल्पतरु. -प्रतिष्ठा the setting up of an idol. -प्रियः 1 N. of Indra. -2 of Bṛihaspati. -भूयम् identification with a deity, deification, apotheosis. -भूरुहः the Devadāru tree. -भूषणम् a necklace of pearls consisting of 18 strings and 4 Hastas long; Bṛ. S. -मन्दिरम् a temple; उत्तुङ्गसौधसुरमन्दिरगोपुराट्ट ... Māl.9.1. -मृत्तिका alum-slate. -युवतिः f. a celestial damsel. -राज्यम् dominion over the gods. -लासिका a flute, pipe. -लोकः heaven. ˚सुन्दरी 1 a celestial woman. -2 N. of Durgā. -वर्त्मन् n. the sky. -वल्लभा white Dūrvā grass. -वल्ली the sacred basil. -विद्विष्, -वैरिन्, -शत्रुः m. an evil spirit, a demon. -विलासिनी an apsaras. -वीथिः N. of the way of the नक्षत्रs; नक्षत्रमार्गं विपुलं सुरवीथीति विश्रुतम् Mb. 3.43.12. -शाखिन् m the Kalpataru q. v. -श्वेता a small (white) house-lizard. -सद्मन् n. heaven, paradise. -सालः a wish-fulfilling tree, a kalpavrikṣa; ददतो$भिमतं समस्फुरन् सुरसाला भुवमागता इव Śāhendra.2.57. -सरित्, सिन्धुः f. the Ganges; सुरसरिदिव तेजो वह्निनिष्ठ्यूतमैशम् R.2. 75. -सुन्दरी, -स्त्री 1 a celestial woman; ऊरूद्भवा नरसखस्य मुनेः सुरस्त्री V.1.3. -2 N. of Durgā. -स्थानम् a temple. | | | sopasarga | सोपसर्ग a. 1 Afflicted or visited by any great calamity or misfortune. -2 Portentous. -3 Possessed by an evil spirit. -4 Preceded by a prepositional prefix (in gram.). | | | sthira | स्थिर a. [स्था-किरच्] (compar. स्थेयस्; superl. स्थेष्ठ) 1 Firm, steady, fixed; भावस्थिराणि जननान्तरसौहृदानि Ś.5.2. स स्थाणुः स्थिरभक्तियोगसुलभो निःश्रेयसायास्तु वः V.1.1; Ku.1.3; R.11.19. -2 Immoveable, still, motionless; स्थिरप्रदीप- तामेत्य भुजङ्गाः पर्युपासते Ku.2.38. -3 Immoveably fixed; कालेनावरणात्ययात्परिणते यत्स्नेहसारे स्थितम् U.1.39. -4 Permanent, eternal, everlasting; कल्पिष्यन्ते स्थिरगणपदप्राप्तये श्रद्दधानाः Me.57; Māl.1.25. -5 Cool, collected, composed, placid, calm. -6 Quiescent, free from passion. -7 Steady in conduct, steadfast. -8 Constant, faithful, determined. -9 Certain, sure. -1 Hard, solid. -11 Strong, intense. -12 Stern, relentless, hard-hearted; अहो स्थिरः को$पि तवेप्सितो युवा Ku.5.47. -रः 1 A god, deity. -2 A tree. -3 A mountain. -4 A bull. -5 N. of Śiva. -6 N. of Kārtikeya. -7 Final beatitude or absolution. -8 The planet Saturn. -9 N. of certain zodiacal signs (Taurus, Leo, Scorpio, and Aquarius). -रा 1 The earth; पितामहस्तामालोक्य विहस्तामस्थिरां स्थिराम् Śiva B.5.47. -2 A strong-minded woman. -3 The silkcotton tree. -रम् Steadfastness, stubbornness. (स्थिरीकृ means 1 to confirm, strengthen, or to corroborate. -2 to stop, make fast. -3 to cheer up, console, comfort; Ś.4. -4 To steel (the heart); Amaru. स्थिरीभू means 1 to become firm or steady. -2 to become calm or tranquil.) -Comp. -अङ्घ्रिपः the marshy date-tree. -अनुराग a. firm in attachment, constant in affection. -अपाय a. subject to constant decay. -आत्मन्, -चित्त, -चेतस्, -धी, -बुद्धि, -मति a. 1 firm-minded, steady in thought or resolve, resolute; न च योगविधेर्नवेतरः स्थिरधीरा परमात्मदर्शनात् R.8.22. -2 cool, calm, dispassionate. -आयति a. lasting long. -आयुस्, -जीविन् a. long-lived, lasting. (-m.) the silk-cotton tree (Mar. सांवरी). -आरम्भ a. firm in undertakings, persevering. -कर्मन् a. persevering in action; न नवः प्रभुरा फलोदयात् स्थिर- कर्मा विरराम कर्मणः R.8.22. -कुट्टकः 1 a steady pulverizer. -2 a kind of common divisor (in algebra). -कुसुमः the Bakul tree. -गतिः the planet Saturn. -गन्धः the Champaka flower. (-न्धा) 1 the trumpet-flower. -2 the Ketakī plant. -छदः the birch tree. -छायः 1 a tree which gives shelter to travellers. -2 a tree (in general). -जिह्वः a fish. -जीवित a. long-lived. -जीविता the silk-cotton tree. -दंष्ट्रः 1 a snake. -2 Viṣṇu in his boar incarnation. -3 sound. -धामन् a. belonging to a strong race. -पत्रः the marshy date-tree. -पद a. firmly rooted. -पुष्पः 1 the Champaka tree. -2 the Bakula tree. -प्रतिज्ञ a. 1 persisting in an assertion, obstinate, pertinacious. -2 faithful to a promise. -प्रतिबन्ध a. firm in opposition, obstinate; Ś.2. -प्रतिष्ठा fixed residence or abode. -फला a kind of gourd (Mar. कोहळा). -योनिः a large tree which gives shade and shelter. -यौवन a. ever youthful. (-नः) a kind of good or evil genius, a fairy. -रङ्गा indigo. -रागा a kind of curcuma (Mar. दारुहळद). -लिङ्ग a. having a a stiff virile organ. -वाच् a. one whose word may be trusted. -विक्रम a. taking firm strides. -श्री a. having everlasting prosperity. -सङ्गर a. faithful to a promise, true, veracious. -सौहृद a. firm in friendship. -स्थायिन् a. remaining firm or steady, keeping perfectly still (as in meditation). | | | svasti | स्वस्ति f., n. Welfare; समारम्भान्वुभूषेत हतस्वस्तिरकिच्चनः Mb.12.8.6; जितं त आत्मविद्धुर्य स्वस्तये स्वस्तिरस्तु में Bhāg. 4.24.33. -ind. A particle meaning 'may it be well with (one)', 'fare-well', 'hail', 'adieu' (with dat.); स्वस्ति ते$स्त्वान्तरिक्षेभ्यः पार्थिवेभ्यश्च भारत Mb.3.37.35; स्वस्ति भवते Ś.2; स्वस्त्यस्तु ते R.5.17; it is also used in expressing one's approbation; (often used at the beginning of letters). -Comp. -अयनम् 1 a means of securing prosperity. -2 the averting of evil by the recitation of mantras or performance of expiatory rites. -3 the benediction of a Brāhmaṇa after presentation of offerings; प्रास्थानिकं स्वस्त्ययनं प्रयुज्य R.2.7. -a. Auspicious; इदं स्वस्त्ययनं श्रेष्ठम् Ms.1.16; Mb.1.75.2. -कर्मन् n. causing welfare. -कारः a bard. -दः, -भावः an epithet of Śiva. -मुखः 1 a letter. -2 a Brāhmaṇa. -3 a bard, panegyrist. -वाचकः benediction, congratulation. -वाचनम्, -वाचनकम्, -वाचनिकम् 1 a religious rite preparatory to a sacrifice or any religious or solemn observance. -2 a complimentary or congratulatory present of flowers &c. to any one attended with good wishes and blessings. -वाच्यम् congratulation, invoking blessings. | | | harmyam | हर्म्यम् [हृ-यत् मुट् च] 1 A palace, mansion, any large or palatial building; हर्म्यपृष्ठं समारूढः काको$पि गरु- डायते Subhāṣ.; बाह्योद्यानस्थितहरशिरश्चन्द्रिकाधौतहर्म्या Me.7; Ṛs.1.28; Bk.8.36; R.6.47; Ku.6.42. -2 An oven, a fire-place, hearth. -3 A fiery pit, abode of evil spirits, the infernal regions. -Comp. -अङ्गनम्, -णम् the court-yard of a palace. -तलम्, -पृष्ठम्, -वलभी f. the upper room of a palace. -स्थलम् the room of a palace. |
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