호모 호미니 루프스 라는 말을 찾아본다. "호모 호미니.."까지만 생각나고 그 뒤가 생각이 나지 않았다.
"사람이 사람에게 늑대Homo homini lupus" 또는 "사람이 사람에게 늑대이다Homo homini lupus est"라는 말을 정현종의 싯구절 "사람 사이에 섬이 있다"에 맞춰얘기하면
사람 사이에 늑대가 있다. 일 것이다.
(멸종위기인 늑대에게 미리 양해를 구한다. 늑대라 지칭한 것은 편견 또는 은유이니)
사람 사이에 늑대가 있는가?
사람 사이에 어떤 섬이 있는지 잘 모르겠으나
사람 사이에 늑대가 있다는 것은 잘 알겠다.
시인 정희성이 오래전에 모교 몇 주년을 기념해
서울대 대학신문에 기고한 시에서 자랑스럽게
조국의 미래를 알고 싶으면
고개를 들어 관악을 보라 라고 했었다.
우병우를 보면
한국이 왜 이 꼬라지가 되었나를 알고 싶으면
고개 들어 관악을 보면 된다 가 더 참인 것을 보게 된다.
사람 사이에 늑대가 있다.
우병우 한 사람만 말하기에는 그 개인에게 미안할 정도다.
너무 많다.
그러니 다시 쓴다.
"사람 사이에 늑대들이 우글거린다"
"사람 사이에 늑대들이 씨글거린다"
"사람 사이에 늑대들이 득실거린다"
물론 '샤'표 늑대들만 있는 것은 아니지만 아이엠에프때
'샤'표 늑대들의 활약상은 탐관오리나 산적해적들을 능가한 것이었다.
이 늑대들과 싸워야한다.
이기기 위해서는 사자와 여우가 결합한 형태이어야한다.
하지만 얼마나 어려운 말이고 일인가
늑대에게 민주주의를 설득하는 사자와 여우라니...
Homo homini lupus
Homo homini lupus, or in its unabridged form Homo homini lupus est, is a Latin proverb meaning "A man is a wolf to another man," or more tersely "Man is wolf to man." It has meaning in reference to situations where people are known to have behaved in a way comparably in nature to a wolf. The wolf as a creature is thought, in this example, to have qualities of being predatory, cruel, inhuman i.e. more like an animal than civilized.
History[edit]
A variation of the proverb appeared as line 495 in the play Asinaria by Plautus: "Lupus est homo homini, non homo, quom qualis sit non novit,"[1] which has been translated as "Man is no man, but a wolf, to a stranger," or more precisely "A man is a wolf rather than a man to another man, when he hasn't yet found out what he's like."
As a counterpoint, Seneca the Younger wrote, in his Epistulae morales ad Lucilium (specifically, Epistula XCV, paragraph 33), "homo, sacra res homini,"[2] which has been translated as "man, an object of reverence in the eyes of man."
Erasmus included the proverb in his Adagia, writing of the variation by Plautus, "Here we are warned not to trust ourselves to an unknown person, but to beware of him as of a wolf."[3]
The philosopher, theologian, and jurist Francisco de Vitoria (in Latin, Franciscus de Victoria) wrote in one of his Relectiones Theologicae that the poet Ovid disagreed with the proverb: "'Man,' says Ovid, 'is not a wolf to his fellow man, but a man.'"
Thomas Hobbes drew upon the proverb in his De Cive, writing in the dedication "To speak impartially, both sayings are very true; That Man to Man is a kind of God; and that Man to Man is an arrant Wolfe. The first is true, if we compare Citizens amongst themselves; and the second, if we compare Cities." Hobbes was describing the tendency of people to act fairly and generously toward other people in the same society and the tendency of societies to act deceptively and violently toward other societies, or as he put it, "In the one, there's some analogie of similitude with the Deity, to wit, Justice and Charity, the twin-sisters of peace: But in the other, Good men must defend themselves by taking to them for a Sanctuary the two daughters of War, Deceipt and Violence."
Sigmund Freud agreed with the proverb, writing in his Civilization and Its Discontents, "Men are not gentle creatures, who want to be loved, who at the most can defend themselves if they are attacked; they are, on the contrary, creatures among whose instinctual endowments is to be reckoned a powerful share of aggressiveness. As a result, their neighbor is for them not only a potential helper or sexual object, but also someone who tempts them to satisfy their aggressiveness on him, to exploit his capacity for work without compensation, to use him sexually without his consent, to seize his possessions, to humiliate him, to cause him pain, to torture and to kill him. Homo homini lupus. Who in the face of all his experience of life and of history, will have the courage to dispute this assertion?"[4]
The primatologist and ethologist Frans de Waal disagreed with the proverb, writing that it "contains two major flaws. First, it fails to do justice to canids, which are among the most gregarious and cooperative animals on the planet (Schleidt and Shalter 2003). But even worse, the saying denies the inherently social nature of our own species."[5]
Bartolomeo Vanzetti, on being unjustly executed, along with Nicolo Sacco, in 1927 for murder, said that their judicial murder would in time become an emblem of a cursed time "when man was wolf to the man."
See also[edit]
Notes[edit]
- ^ Titus Maccius Plautus. "Asinaria". The Latin Library. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ Lucius Annaeus Seneca. "Epistulae morales ad Lucilium". The Latin Library. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ Erasmus, Desiderius (2001) [1500-1536]. Barker, William, ed. The Adages of Erasmus. University of Toronto Press. p. 41. ISBN 0802048749. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ Freud, Sigmund. "Freud, Civilization and Its Discontents, 1930 (excerpt)". The History Guide. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
- ^ de Waal, Frans (2006). Primates and Philosophers: How Morality Evolved. Princeton University Press. p. 3. ISBN 0691124477. Retrieved 14 July 2015.