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For the Anniversary of My Death W. S. MERWIN

VIS VITALIS 2016. 5. 12. 17:33

나의 기일(忌日W. S. MERWIN(1927~)

 

매년 알지 못하고 스쳐 보냈지 그 날을

마지막 불꽃이 내게 손을 흔들고

침묵이 시작될 그 날을

지치지 않는 나그네

빛 꺼진 별의 빛줄기 같은

 

그럼 나는 더 이상

볼 수 없겠지 살아있는 나 자신을이상한 옷을 입은 채,

지상을

그리고 한 여자의 사랑을

그리고 사람들의 후안무치를 놀라워하는 나 자신을

삼일 동안 비 내렸고

굴뚝새 노래 소리 들었고 그리고 내리던 것이 그쳤고

그리고 무엇에게 인지도 모른 채 무엇에게나 인사하고 난 뒤에 오늘 글을 쓰고 있는 나 자신을



나의 기일(忌日) W. S. MERWIN(1927~)

 

매년 알지 못하고 스쳐 보냈지 그 날을

마지막 불꽃이 내게 손을 흔들고

침묵이 시작될 그 날을

지치지 않는 나그네

빛 꺼진 별의 빛줄기 같은

 

그럼 나는 더 이상

볼 수 없겠지 살아있는 나 자신을, 이상한 옷을 입은 채,

지상을

그리고 한 여자의 사랑을

그리고 남자들의 후안무치를 놀라워하는 나 자신을

삼일 동안 비 내렸고

굴뚝새 노래 소리 들었고 그리고 내리던 것이 그쳤고

그리고 무엇에게 인지도 모른 채 무엇에게나 인사하고 난 뒤에 오늘 글을 쓰고 있는 나 자신을

 

For the Anniversary of My Death BY W. S. MERWIN(1927~)

Every year without knowing it I have passed the day

When the last fires will wave to me

And the silence will set out

Tireless traveler

Like the beam of a lightless star

 

Then I will no longer

Find myself in life as in a strange garment

Surprised at the earth

And the love of one woman

And the shamelessness of men

As today writing after three days of rain

Hearing the wren sing and the falling cease

And bowing not knowing to what

 

W. S. Merwin, “For the Anniversary of My Death” from The Second Four Books of Poems (Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press, 1993). Copyright © 1993 by W. S. Merwin. Reprinted with the permission of The Wylie Agency, Inc.

Source: The Second Four Books of Poems (Copper Canyon Press, 1993)




내 죽을 그 날을 기념하며

매년 알지 못하고 스쳐보냈지 그 날을
마지막 불꽃이 내게 손을 흔들고
침묵이 시작될 그 날을
지치지 않는 나그네
빛 꺼진 별의 빛줄기 같은

그럼 나는 더 이상 
살아있는 나를 볼 수 없겠지 이상한 옷을 입은 채로
놀라듯이 지상을
그리고 한 여자의 사랑을
그리고 남자들의 후안무치를
오늘 글을 쓰듯이 삼일 동안 비 내렸고
굴뚝새 노래 소리 들었고 그리고 내리던 것이 그쳤고
그리고 무엇에게인지도 모른채 무엇에게나 인사하고 난 뒤에

내 죽을 그 날을 기념하며


나의 기일(忌日)

 

매년 알지 못하고 스쳐 보냈지 그 날을

마지막 불꽃이 내게 손을 흔들고

침묵이 시작될 그 날을

지치지 않는 나그네

빛 꺼진 별의 빛줄기 같은

 

그럼 나는 더 이상

볼 수 없겠지 살아있는 나 자신을, 이상한 옷을 입은 채,

지상을

그리고 한 여자의 사랑을

그리고 남자들의 후안무치를 놀라워하는 나 자신을

삼일 동안 비 내렸고

굴뚝새 노래 소리 들었고 그리고 내리던 것이 그쳤고

그리고 무엇에게 인지도 모른 채 무엇에게나 인사하고 난 뒤에 오늘 글을 쓰고 있는 나 자신을

 

For the Anniversary of My Death

BY  W. S. MERWIN



Every year without knowing it I have passed the day

When the last fires will wave to me

And the silence will set out

Tireless traveler

Like the beam of a lightless star

 

Then I will no longer

Find myself in life as in a strange garment

Surprised at the earth

And the love of one woman

And the shamelessness of men

As today writing after three days of rain

Hearing the wren sing and the falling cease

And bowing not knowing to what

 

W. S. Merwin, “For the Anniversary of My Death” from The Second Four Books of Poems (Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press, 1993). Copyright © 1993 by W. S. Merwin. Reprinted with the permission of The Wylie Agency, Inc.

Source: The Second Four Books of Poems (Copper Canyon Press, 1993)




For the Anniversary of My Death

Related Poem Content Details

Every year without knowing it I have passed the day   
When the last fires will wave to me 
And the silence will set out 
Tireless traveler 
Like the beam of a lightless star 

Then I will no longer 
Find myself in life as in a strange garment 
Surprised at the earth 
And the love of one woman 
And the shamelessness of men 
As today writing after three days of rain 
Hearing the wren sing and the falling cease 
And bowing not knowing to what

W. S. Merwin, “For the Anniversary of My Death” from The Second Four Books of Poems (Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press, 1993). Copyright © 1993 by W. S. Merwin. Reprinted with the permission of The Wylie Agency, Inc.
Source: The Second Four Books of Poems (Copper Canyon Press, 1993)




http://www.poetryfoundation.org/poems-and-poets/poems/detail/43118














나의 기일에 (For The Anniversary Of My Death) / W.S. Merwin 


해마다 모르고 그날을 보내네.

그날이 오면

마지막 불이 내게 손짓을 하고

어둔 별빛처럼 침묵이

지칠 줄 모르는 여행자들

길 떠나게 하리


그날이 오면

낯선 옷과 같은 삶에서

나를 찾지 못하고,

다만

지상과 

한 여인의 사랑과

남자들의 용기를 경탄하리

사흘 동안 내리던 비가 멎고

굴뚝새의 노래를 들으며

글을 쓰는 오늘처럼

이름모를 것들을 향해 인사하리.




http://baramjun.blog.me/70148122175


위의 인용된 한글번역은 엉터리이다.

누구의 번역인지는 모르나 참고할게 못된다. 









wren

 중요 

단어장 저장

미국∙영국 [ren] 미국∙영국식 발음듣기반복 듣기  영국식 영국식 발음듣기반복 듣기

명사

굴뚝새

영영사전

  • [NOUN] A wren is a very small brown birdThere are several kinds of wren.
출처:Collins Cobuild Advanced Learner's English Dictionary

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  • wren (굴뚝새)두산백과

    참새목 굴뚝새과의 조류. 몸길이 10.5cm, 날개길이 약 4.7∼5.5cm이다. 빛깔은 온몸이 짙은 갈색이며 가느다란 검은색 가로무늬가 있다. 아랫면은 빛깔이 조금 연하다. 짧은 꽁지를 세울 때도 있다. 작은 몸집과는 달리 울음소리는 매우 크고 수십 초 동안 복잡한 소리를 내어 지저귄다....

  • Wren (렌)두산백과

    미국 오리건(Oregon)주 벤턴카운티(Benton County)에 있는 자치구이다.

  • Wren (렌)두산백과

    미국 미시시피주 먼로카운티에 있는 자치구이다.

  • Wren (렌)두산백과

    미국 버지니아주 샬럿카운티에 있는 자치구이다.

  • Wren 위키피디아 - 영어

    Only the Eurasian wren occurs in the Old World, where in Anglophone regions, it is commonly known simply as the "wren", as it is the originator of the name. The name wren has been applied to other...





blacktitle.jpg (12329 bytes)

On "For the Anniversary of My Death"


Edward Brunner

Merwin's own act of mourning himself occurs in "For the Anniversary of My Death," a work that opens in the realm of immense abstractions, with Merwin positing that "every year without knowing it I have passed the day / When the last fires will wave to me." Like the enormity of the sun, this cosmic view is appalling in its undeniability and in its emptiness, but here it gives rise to its opposite, an urgent wish to embrace the earth, a longing to honor even the smallest of moments as though they were utterly significant: "As today writing after three days of rain / Hearing the wren sing and the falling cease / And bowing not knowing to what." The renewal as rainfall ends is magnified, transforming the wren's song into a celebration both modest and all-embracing. The rest of The Lice flowers out of this grief-stricken understanding that no reference to death can be allowed that does not in some way include one's own loss of all that is beloved. Moreover, what is truly beloved is yet to be discovered: what one honors, at this moment, is unknown--one bows "not knowing to what."

By Edward Brunner. From Poetry and Labor as Privilege: The Writings opf W.S. Merwin. Copyright � 1991 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.


Marjorie Perloff

What distinguishes a poem like "For the Anniversary of My Death" from the "undecidable" texts of a Beckett on the one hand, as from its modernist predecessors on the other, is the marked authorial control that runs counter to the lipservice paid to "bowing not knowing to what." Far from being a poem of dis-covery, a text whose "echo repeats no sound," "For the Anniversary of My Death" is characterized by a strong sense of closure.

Consider, for example, the stanzaic division. The first stanza (five lines) describes what happens "Every year"; the second (eight lines) refers to "Then" (when I will be dead). The first concentrates on the silence of eternity, beyond "the last fires," the eternity symbolized by the beam of the lightless star. The second recalls, even as does the final stanza of Yeats's "The Stolen Child," what will be lost when death ends the inexorable forward movement of time, when the "strange garment" of life is shed: namely, the love of one woman, the shamelessness of men, the singing of the wren, the falling of rain, and, yes, the "bowing not knowing to what," which is to say, "bowing" to the premonition of death one has in moments of transition, as when a three-day rain comes to an end.

Does the language "mock the poet with its absences"? Not really, or at least its mockery seems to take place only on the surface. The first line quickly gives the game away: since there is obviously no way to know on what day of the year one will die, the phrase "without knowing it" strikes a rather self-important note. This is the language, not of dream or of mysterious Otherness, but of calculation: the setting up of a hypothetical situation that brings the time/eternity paradox into sharp relief. Again, the reference to "death" as the moment when "the last fires will wave to me" seems to me the very opposite of "spare" (a word regularly applied to Merwin's poetry by his admirers); it is a gestural, a decorative metaphor reminiscent of Dylan Thomas rather than Ren� Char. Indeed, lines 2-5, with their heavy alliteration and assonance, their repetition and slow, stately movement, have the authentic Thomas ring:

When the last fires will wave to me
And the silence will set out
Tireless traveller
Like the beam of a lightless star

The language of the second stanza is increasingly abstract, conceptual, formulaic, recalling, as Bloom points out, the conservative rhetoric of poets like Longfellow or MacLeish. To call life "a strange garment," to define one's humanity in terms of "the love of one woman" and the need to wrestle with "the shamelessness of men"--such locutions have the accent of the Sunday sermon rather than the surrealist lyric. Given this context, the "bowing not knowing to what" in the unpunctuated last line is a predictable closural device: it points us back to the title with its recognition that one of the days now lived through will, one year, be the day of the poet's death.

The poem's closure is reflected in its formal verse structure. Merwin's heavily endstopped lines, each followed by a brief rest or hush, are lightly stressed, anapests predominating as in

Like the beam of a lightless star

or

And bowing not knowing to what

but in many lines the pattern is complicated by an initial trochee:

Every year without knowing it
Tireless traveller
Hearing the wren sing.

Syntactic parallelism--"And the silence will set out," "And the love of one woman," "And,the shamelessness of men"--provides a further ordering principle. And although the stress count ranges between two and five (and syllable count between five and thirteen), the lines are organized tightly by qualitative sound repetition: Merwin's patterning is extremely intricate, as in the alliteration of t's, r's, and l's in "Tireless traveller," the assonance and consonance in "Find myself in life," and the internal eye rhyme in "And bowing not knowing to what."

"For the Anniversary of My Death" is thus a very elegant, wellmade poem; it has a finish that would be the envy of any number of poets, and its theme is certainly universal--just mysterious enough to arrest the reader's attention, yet just natural enough (this is the way we all feel about death sometimes) to have broad appeal.

By Marjorie Perloff. From W.S. Merwin: Essays on the Poetry. Ed. Cary Nelson and Ed Folsom. Copyright � 1987 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois.


http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/merwin/anniversary.htm


  • inexorable 
    미국·영국 [ɪn|eksərəbl] 발음듣기 영국식 발음듣기  예문보기
    멈출 수 없는, 거침없는
  • 프랑스어사전
    inexorable 
    [inεgzɔʀabl] 발음듣기 다른 뜻(1건)  예문보기
    [형용사] 1. 인정에 끌리지 않는,무정한,준엄한 = implacable,impitoyable 2. 냉혹한,가혹한,피...



W. S. Merwin

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
W. S. Merwin
BornSeptember 30, 1927 (age 88)
New York City
OccupationPoet
NationalityAmerican
EducationWyoming Seminary, Kingston, PA 1944
Alma materPrinceton University
Period1952–
GenrePoetry, prose, translation
Notable awardsPEN Translation Prize
1969
Pulitzer Prize for Poetry
1971, 2009
Aiken Taylor Award for Modern American Poetry
1990
Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize
1994
Tanning Prize
1994
National Book Award
2005
United States Poet Laureate
2010
SpouseDorothy Jeanne Ferry
Dido Milroy
Paula Schwartz (1983–present)

William Stanley Merwin (born September 30, 1927) is an American poet, credited with over fifty books of poetry, translation and prose.[1] During the 1960s anti-war movement, Merwin's unique craft was thematically characterized by indirect, unpunctuated narration. In the 1980s and 1990s, Merwin's writing influence derived from his interest in Buddhistphilosophy and deep ecology. Residing in Hawaii, he writes prolifically and is dedicated to the restoration of the islands' rainforests.

Merwin has received many honors, including the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry (in both 1971 and 2009),[2] the National Book Award for Poetry (2005)[3] and the Tanning Prize, one of the highest honors bestowed by the Academy of American Poets, as well as the Golden Wreath of the Struga Poetry Evenings. In 2010, the Library of Congress named Merwin the seventeenth United States Poet Laureate to replace the outgoing Kay Ryan.[4][5] Following his receiving the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry in 2009, Merwin is recognized as one of the principal contributors to poetry in the early 21st century.

Early life[edit]

Merwin initially grew up on this street in Union City, New Jersey, which was renamed for him in 2006.

W. S. Merwin was born in New York City on September 30, 1927. He grew up on the corner of Fourth Street and New York Avenue in Union City, New Jersey until 1936, when his family moved to Scranton, Pennsylvania. As a child, he was enamored of the natural world, sometimes finding himself talking to the large tree in his back yard. He was also fascinated with things that he saw as links to the past, such as the building behind his home that had once been a barn that housed a horse and carriage.[6] At the age of five he started writing hymns for his father,[7] who was a Presbyterian minister.[5]

Career[edit]

After attending Princeton University, Merwin married his first wife, Dorothy Jeanne Ferry, and moved to Spain. During his stay there, while visiting the renowned poet Robert Graves at his homestead on the island of Majorca, he served as tutor to Graves's son. There, he met Dido Milroy — fifteen years older than he — with whom he collaborated on a play and whom he later married and lived with in London. In 1956, Merwin moved to Boston for a fellowship at the Poets' Theater. He returned to London where he was friends with Sylvia Plath andTed Hughes. In 1968, Merwin moved to New York City, separating from his wife who stayed at their home in France. In the late 1970s, Merwin moved to Hawaii and eventually was divorced from Dido Milroy. He married Paula Schwartz in 1983.[8]

In 1952 Merwin's first book of poetry, A Mask for Janus, was published in the Yale Younger Poets SeriesW. H. Auden selected the work for that distinction. Later, in 1971 Auden and Merwin would exchange harsh words in the pages of The New York Review of Books. Merwin had published on Being Awarded the Pulitzer Prize" in the June 3, 1971, issue of The New York Review of Books outlining his objections to the Vietnam War and stating that he was donating his prize money to the draft resistance movement.

From 1956 to 1957 Merwin was also playwright-in-residence at the Poet's Theatre in Cambridge, Massachusetts; he became poetry editor at The Nation in 1962. Besides being a prolific poet (he has published over fifteen volumes of his works), he is also a respected translator of Spanish, French, Latin and Italian poetry (including Dante's Purgatorio) as well as poetry from SanskritYiddishMiddle English, Japanese and Quechua. He also served as selector of poems of the late American poet Craig Arnold (1967–2009).[citation needed]

Merwin is probably best known for his poetry about the Vietnam War, and can be included among the canon of Vietnam War-era poets which includes such luminaries as Robert BlyAdrienne RichDenise LevertovRobert LowellAllen Ginsberg and Yusef Komunyakaa. In 1998, Merwin wrote Folding Cliffs: A Narrative, an ambitious novel-in-verse about Hawaiʻi in history and legend.[original research?]

Merwin's early subjects were frequently tied to mythological or legendary themes, while many of his poems featured animals. A volume called The Drunk in the Furnace (1960) marked a change for Merwin, in that he began to write in a much more autobiographical way.[citation needed] The title-poem is about Orpheus, seen as an old drunk. 'Where he gets his spirits / it's a mystery', Merwin writes; 'But the stuff keeps him musical'. Another poem of this period — 'Odysseus' — reworks the traditional theme in a way that plays off poems by Stevens and Graves on the same topic.

In the 1960s, Merwin lived in a small apartment in New York City's Greenwich Village,[6] and began to experiment boldly with metrical irregularity. His poems became much less tidy and controlled. He played with the forms of indirect narration typical of this period, a self-conscious experimentation explained in an essay called 'on Open Form' (1969). The Lice (1967) and The Carrier of Ladders (1970) remain his most influential volumes. These poems often used legendary subjects (as in 'The Hydra' or 'The Judgment of Paris') to explore highly personal themes.

In Merwin's later volumes — such as The Compass Flower (1977), Opening the Hand (1983), and The Rain in the Trees (1988) — one sees him transforming earlier themes in fresh ways, developing an almost Zen-like indirection. His latest poems are densely imagistic, dream-like, and full of praise for the natural world. He has lived in Hawaii since the 1970s. Migration: New and Selected Poems won the 2005 National Book Award for poetry.[9] A lifelong friend of James Wright, Merwin wrote an elegy to him that appears in the 2008 volume From the Other World: Poems in Memory of James Wright.

The Shadow of Sirius,[10] published in 2008 by Copper Canyon Press, was awarded the 2009 Pulitzer Prize for poetry.[2]

In June 2010, the Library of Congress named Merwin the seventeenth United States Poet Laureate to replace the outgoing Kay Ryan.[4][5] He is the subject of the 2014 documentary film Even Though the Whole World Is Burning. Merwin appeared in the PBS documentary "The Buddha," released in 2010. He had moved to Hawaii to study with the Zen Buddhist master Robert Aitkin in 1976.[11]

Personal life[edit]

Today, Merwin lives on a former pineapple plantation built atop a dormant volcano on the northeast coast of Maui.[4][5]

Awards[edit]

Each year links to its corresponding "[year] in poetry" or "[year] in literature" article:

Other accolades[edit]

Merwin's former home town of Union City, New Jersey honored him in 2006 by renaming a local street near his former home W.S. Merwin Way.[6]

Bibliography[edit]

Each year links to its corresponding "[year] in poetry" or "[year] in literature" article:

Poetry - collections[edit]

  • 1952A Mask for Janus, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press; awarded the Yale Younger Poets Prize, 1952 (reprinted as part of The First Four Books of Poems, 1975)[12]
  • 1954The Dancing Bears, New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press (reprinted as part of The First Four Books of Poems, 1975)[12]
  • 1956Green with Beasts, New York: Knopf (reprinted as part of The First Four Books of Poems, 1975)[12]
  • 1960The Drunk in the Furnace, New York: Macmillan (reprinted as part of The First Four Books of Poems, 1975)[12]
  • 1963The Moving Target, New York: Atheneum[12]
  • 1966Collected Poems, New York: Atheneum[12]
  • 1967The Lice, New York: Atheneum
  • 1969Animae, San Francisco: Kayak[12]
  • 1970The Carrier of Ladders, New York: Atheneum;[12] —winner of the Pulitzer Prize[2]
  • 1970Signs, illustrated by A. D. Moore; Iowa City, Iowa: Stone Wall Press[12]
  • 1973Writings to an Unfinished Accompaniment, New York: Atheneum[12]
  • 1975The First Four Books of Poems, containing A Mask for JanusThe Dancing BearsGreen with Beasts, and The Drunk in the Furnace, New York: Atheneum; (reprinted in 2000, Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press)[12]
  • 1977The Compass Flower, New York: Atheneum[12]
  • 1978Feathers From the Hill, Iowa City, Iowa: Windhover[12]
  • 1982Finding the Islands, San Francisco: North Point Press[12]
  • 1983Opening the Hand, New York: Atheneum[12]
  • 1988The Rain in the Trees, New York: Knopf[12]
  • 1988Selected Poems, New York: Atheneum[12]
  • 1993The Second Four Books of Poems, Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press
  • 1993Travels: Poems, New York: Knopf[12] winner of the 1993 Lenore Marshall Poetry Prize[14]
  • 1996The Vixen: Poems, New York: Knopf[12]
  • 1997Flower and Hand: Poems, 1977-1983 Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press[12]
  • 1998The Folding Cliffs: A Narrative, a "novel-in-verse" New York: Knopf[19]
  • 1999The River Sound: Poems, New York: Knopf[12]
  • 2001The Pupil, New York: Knopf[12]
  • 2005Migration: New and Selected Poems, Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press[12] —winner of the National Book Award for Poetry[9]
  • 2005Present Company, Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press[12]
  • 2008The Shadow of Sirius, Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press[20] —winner of the Pulitzer Prize[2]
  • 2013The Collected Poems of W. S. Merwin, New York: Library of America
  • 2014The Moon Before Morning, Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press[21]

Poems[edit]

TitleYearFirst published inCollected in
Alba2008The New Yorker 84/35 (November 3, 2008)
Telephone Ringing in the Labyrinth2012The New York Review of Books 59/9 (May 24, 2012)
The Blackboard2014The New Yorker 90/32 (October 20, 2014)

Prose[edit]

  • 1970The Miner's Pale Children, New York: Atheneum (reprinted in 1994, New York: Holt)[12]
  • 1977Houses and Travellers, New York: Atheneum (reprinted in 1994, New York: Holt)[12]
  • Regions of Memory
  • 1982Unframed Originals: Recollections
  • 1992The Lost Uplands: Stories of Southwest France, New York: Knopf
  • 2002The Mays of Ventadorn, National Geographic Directions Series; Washington: National Geographic[12]
  • 2004The Ends of the Earth, essays, Washington: Shoemaker & Hoard[12]
  • 2005Summer Doorways: A Memoir
  • 2007The Book of Fables, Port Townsend, Washington: Copper Canyon Press

Plays[edit]

  • 1956Darkling Child (with Dido Milroy), produced this year[12]
  • 1957Favor Island, produced this year at Poets' Theatre in Cambridge, Massachusetts (broadcast in 1958 by Third Programme, British Broadcasting Corporation)[12]
  • 1961The Gilded West, produced this year at Belgrade Theatre, Coventry, England[12]

Translations[edit]

Editor[edit]

  • 1961West Wind: Supplement of American Poetry, London: Poetry Book Society[12]
  • 1996Lament for the Makers: A Memorial Anthology (compiler), Washington: Counterpoint[12]

Other sources[edit]

Archives[edit]

Merwin's literary papers are held at The Rare Book & Manuscript Library (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign). The collection, which is open to researchers, consists of some 5,500 archival items and 450 printed books.[24][25]

References[edit]

  1. Jump up^ "Amazon.com Official Profile". Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  2. Jump up to:a b c d "Poetry"Past winners & finalists by category. The Pulitzer Prizes. Retrieved 2012-04-08.
  3. Jump up^ http://www.nationalbook.org/nba2005.html
  4. Jump up to:a b c d Kennicott, Philip (July 1, 2010). "W.S. Merwin, Hawaii-based poet, will serve as 17th U.S. laureate"The Washington Post. Retrieved July 1, 2010.
  5. Jump up to:a b c d Cohen, Patricia (June 30, 2010). "W. S. Merwin to Be Named Poet Laureate"The New York Times. Retrieved July 9, 2010.
  6. Jump up to:a b c Diaz, Lana Rose. "Merwin Speaks"; The Union City Reporter; July 11, 2010; Pages 1 & 9
  7. Jump up^ Jay Parini, About W. S. Merwin, article on Modern American Poetry,http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/merwin/life.htm
  8. Jump up^ Smith, Dinitia (February 19, 1995). "A Poet of Their Own"New York Times. Retrieved March 30, 2010.
  9. Jump up to:a b c "National Book Awards – 2005"National Book Foundation. Retrieved 2012-04-08.
    (With acceptance speech by Merwin, essay by Patrick Rosal from the Awards 60-year anniversary blog, and other material.)
  10. Jump up^ https://www.coppercanyonpress.org/pages/browse/book.asp?bg={36404347-DB50-4E0A-BBDE-2CA7F7C682BD}
  11. Jump up^ http://www.pbs.org/thebuddha/featured-scholars-and-poets/
  12. Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ayMerwin biography at Poetry Foundation, Accessed October 23, 2010
  13. Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m Brennan, Elizabeth A. and Elizabeth C. Clarage, "1971: W.S. Merwin" article, p 534, Who's Who of Pulitzer Prize Winners Phoenix, Arizona: The Oryx Press (1999), ISBN 1-57356-111-8, retrieved via Google Books on June 8, 2010
  14. Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j News release, "Poet W.S. Merwin Reads at Library of Congress October 15, September 22, 1997, Library of Congress website, retrieved June 8, 2010
  15. Jump up^ Routledge Staff (2003). International Who's Who of Authors and Writers 2004. Routledge. p. 383. ISBN 1-85743-179-0. Retrieved 2008-07-20.
  16. Jump up to:a b c W. S. Merwin at Barclay Agency, Accessed October 23, 2010
  17. Jump up^ "The 2009 Pulitzer Prize Winners/Poetry", Pulitzer.org; Accessed October 23, 2010
  18. Jump up^ "There's a flame in me that thinks…". Fundacja im. Zbigniewa Herberta. Retrieved January 25, 2014.
  19. Jump up^ "The Folding Cliffs: A Narrative (Hardcover)"Amazon.com; October 23, 2010
  20. Jump up^ Farr, Sheila, "Poet ponders life's contrasts in 'The Shadow of Sirius'", book review, October 30, 2010, The Seattle Times, retrieved June 8, 2010
  21. Jump up^ https://www.coppercanyonpress.org/pages/browse/book.asp?bg={C97B4DC4-47FC-4369-A4C9-1061A0052828}
  22. Jump up^ Archive at Hudson Review Accessed October 23, 2010
  23. Jump up^ https://www.coppercanyonpress.org/pages/browse/book.asp?bg={A4D68B58-CFC3-4864-8BE9-4AE7BF976A4E}
  24. Jump up^ "Finding Aid for the W.S. Merwin Papers, Merwin 1". Rare Book & Manuscript Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved March 29, 2010.
  25. Jump up^ "Finding Aid for the W.S. Merwin Book Collection (UIU00141)". Rare Book & Manuscript Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved March 29, 2010.

External links[edit]