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道法自然도법자연

VIS VITALIS 2018. 6. 6. 08:39

道德經 - Dao De Jing

[Warring States (475 BC - 221 BC)] English translation: James Legge [?]
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[Also known as: 《老子》, "Tao Te Ching", "Laozi"]

25 道德經:
有物混成,先天地生。寂兮寥兮,獨立不改,周行而不殆,可以為天下母。吾不知其名,字之曰道,強為之名曰大。大曰逝,逝曰遠,遠曰反。故道大,天大,地大,王亦大。域中有四大,而王居其一焉。人法地,地法天,天法道,道法自然
Dao De Jing:
(Representations of the mystery)
There was something undefined and complete, coming into existence before Heaven and Earth. How still it was and formless, standing alone, and undergoing no change, reaching everywhere and in no danger (of being exhausted)! It may be regarded as the Mother of all things.
I do not know its name, and I give it the designation of the Dao (the Way or Course). Making an effort (further) to give it a name I call it The Great.
Great, it passes on (in constant flow). Passing on, it becomes remote. Having become remote, it returns. Therefore the Dao is great; Heaven is great; Earth is great; and the (sage) king is also great. In the universe there are four that are great, and the (sage) king is one of them.
Man takes his law from the Earth; the Earth takes its law from Heaven; Heaven takes its law from the Dao. The law of the Dao is its being what it is.

老子河上公章句 - Heshanggong Laozi

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道經

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象元

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1 象元:
有物混成,先天地生。謂道無形,混沌而成萬物,乃在天地之前。寂兮寥兮,獨立而不改,寂者,無音聲。寥者,空無形。獨立者,無匹雙。不改者,化有常。周行而不殆,道通行天地,無所不入,在陽不焦,託蔭不腐,無不貫穿,而不危怠也。可以為天下母。道育養萬物精氣,如母之養子。吾不知其名,字之曰道,我不見道之形容,不知當何以名之,見萬物皆從道所生,故字之曰道。強為之名曰大。不知其名,強曰大者,高而無上,羅而無外,無不包容,故曰大也。大曰逝,其為大,非若天常在上,非若地常在下,乃復逝去,無常處所也。逝曰遠,言遠者,窮乎無窮,布氣天地,無所不通也。遠曰反。言其遠不越絕,乃復反在人身也。故道大,天大,地大,王亦大。道大者,包羅天地,無所不容也。天大者,無所不蓋也。地大者,無所不載也。王大者,無所不制也。域中有四大,四大,道、天、地、王也。凡有稱有名,則非其極也。言道則有所由,有所由然後謂之為道,然則是道稱中之大也,不若無稱之大也,無稱不可而得為名,曰域也。天地王皆在乎無稱之內也,故曰域中有四大者也。而王居其一焉。八極之內有四大,王居其一也。人法地,人當法地安靜和柔也,種之得五穀,掘之得甘泉,勞而不怨也,有功而不置也。地法天,天澹泊不動,施而不求報,生長萬物,無所收取。天法道,道清靜不言,陰行精氣,萬物自成也。道性自然,無所法也。

出土文獻 - Excavated texts

郭店 - Guodian

老子甲 - Laozi A

11 老子甲:
有狀混成,先天地生,清寥,獨立不亥,可以為天下母。未知其名,字之曰道,吾強為之名曰大。大曰折,折曰轉,轉曰返。天大,地大,道大,王亦大。域中有四大,而王居一焉。人法地,地法天,天法道,道法自然

馬王堆 - Mawangdui

老子乙 - Laozi B

老子乙道經

25 老子乙道... :
有物昆成,先天地生。蕭呵漻呵,獨立而不改,可以為天地母。吾未知其名也,字之曰道,吾強為之名曰大。大曰筮,筮曰遠,遠曰反。道大,天大,地大,王亦大。國中有四大,而王居一焉。人法地,地法天,天法道,道法自然